Kinetic models for the rate constants of vinyl chloride polymerization in the presence of initiator mixtures were proposed. They may be used to design the initiator recipes for the vinyl chloride polymerization with u...Kinetic models for the rate constants of vinyl chloride polymerization in the presence of initiator mixtures were proposed. They may be used to design the initiator recipes for the vinyl chloride polymerization with uniform rate at different temperatures at which various grades of poly(vinyl chloride) will be prepared.展开更多
Dynamic characteristics of UV enhanced gas–solid PVC chlorination process were revealed by a UV–Vis spectral online analysis method. Experimental results showed an instantaneous increase of the chlorination rate as ...Dynamic characteristics of UV enhanced gas–solid PVC chlorination process were revealed by a UV–Vis spectral online analysis method. Experimental results showed an instantaneous increase of the chlorination rate as soon as UV light was affiliated, which demonstrated the intensified effect of UV radiation on PVC chlorination directly.Different affiliation methods of UV light were then studied, proving that continuous UV radiation could enhance the chlorination process significantly while intermittent UV radiation was able to initiate the chlorination reaction once it was conducted. Besides, experiments were carried out to study the influences of parameters on the chlorination process such as UV wavelength, chlorination temperature, partial pressure of chlorine gas and PVC raw materials. Among all the parameters, chlorination temperature and partial pressure of chlorine gas were testified as two key factors to determine the chlorination performance. Thermal analysis of CPVC products showed that their corresponding properties such as the glass transition temperature(Tg) and the homogeneity of chlorine distribution in polymer phase were improved with the increase of chlorine content.展开更多
A novel acrylamide A2B2＊ （A = alkene, B＊ = alkyl chlorine） type inimer was obtained from commercially available 1,2-ethylenediamine, chloroacetyl chloride and acryloyl chloride. The as-prepared monomer can form wa...A novel acrylamide A2B2＊ （A = alkene, B＊ = alkyl chlorine） type inimer was obtained from commercially available 1,2-ethylenediamine, chloroacetyl chloride and acryloyl chloride. The as-prepared monomer can form water-soluble hyperbranched poly（N,N-ethylidene bis（N-2-chloroacetyl acrylamide））s （HPECA） through atom transfer radical polymerization/self-condensing vinyl polymerization method in the presence alkyl chlorine/CuCl/2,2-bipyridine activation system which can effectively suppress the gelation formation.1H-NMR spectra and dual detector size exclusion chromatography proved the hyperbranched structure indisputably, and the degree of branching was determined by the detailed analyses of 1H-NMR spectra. The trend of the degree of branching was in consistent with the result of Mark- Houwink exponent a. The experiment results suggested that the conversion was 67%, Mw = 13.2 x 104, Mark-Houwink a = 0.282 and the degree of branching = 64% when the reaction temperature was 120 ℃, reaction time = 168 h and N,N- ethylidene bis（N-2-chloroacetyl acrylamide）：Cu（I） = 50：0.62.展开更多
Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium per...Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium perchlorate（LiClO4）.The composite polymer blend electrolytes were prepared by solvent casting technique.The TiO2 nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer electrolyte matrix and exhibited excellent interconnection with PVC/PEMA/PC/UCIO4 polymer electrolyte.The addition of TiO2nanofillers improved the ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte to some extent when the content of TiO2 is 15 wt%.The addition of TiO2 also enhanced the thermal stability of the electrolyte.The changes in the structural and complex formation properties of the materials are studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） techniques.The scanning electron microscope image of nano-composite polymer electrolyte membrane confirms that the TiO2 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix.展开更多
文摘Kinetic models for the rate constants of vinyl chloride polymerization in the presence of initiator mixtures were proposed. They may be used to design the initiator recipes for the vinyl chloride polymerization with uniform rate at different temperatures at which various grades of poly(vinyl chloride) will be prepared.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Key Supporting Project(2013BAF08B05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21176137)
文摘Dynamic characteristics of UV enhanced gas–solid PVC chlorination process were revealed by a UV–Vis spectral online analysis method. Experimental results showed an instantaneous increase of the chlorination rate as soon as UV light was affiliated, which demonstrated the intensified effect of UV radiation on PVC chlorination directly.Different affiliation methods of UV light were then studied, proving that continuous UV radiation could enhance the chlorination process significantly while intermittent UV radiation was able to initiate the chlorination reaction once it was conducted. Besides, experiments were carried out to study the influences of parameters on the chlorination process such as UV wavelength, chlorination temperature, partial pressure of chlorine gas and PVC raw materials. Among all the parameters, chlorination temperature and partial pressure of chlorine gas were testified as two key factors to determine the chlorination performance. Thermal analysis of CPVC products showed that their corresponding properties such as the glass transition temperature(Tg) and the homogeneity of chlorine distribution in polymer phase were improved with the increase of chlorine content.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20904008 and 21274037)Science and Technology Foundation of Hebei Education Department (grant Nos. 2010015 and 2009307)
文摘A novel acrylamide A2B2＊ （A = alkene, B＊ = alkyl chlorine） type inimer was obtained from commercially available 1,2-ethylenediamine, chloroacetyl chloride and acryloyl chloride. The as-prepared monomer can form water-soluble hyperbranched poly（N,N-ethylidene bis（N-2-chloroacetyl acrylamide））s （HPECA） through atom transfer radical polymerization/self-condensing vinyl polymerization method in the presence alkyl chlorine/CuCl/2,2-bipyridine activation system which can effectively suppress the gelation formation.1H-NMR spectra and dual detector size exclusion chromatography proved the hyperbranched structure indisputably, and the degree of branching was determined by the detailed analyses of 1H-NMR spectra. The trend of the degree of branching was in consistent with the result of Mark- Houwink exponent a. The experiment results suggested that the conversion was 67%, Mw = 13.2 x 104, Mark-Houwink a = 0.282 and the degree of branching = 64% when the reaction temperature was 120 ℃, reaction time = 168 h and N,N- ethylidene bis（N-2-chloroacetyl acrylamide）：Cu（I） = 50：0.62.
基金the UGC,New Delhi,India for providing financial support to carry out this work
文摘Effects of nano-ceramic filler titanium oxide（TiO2） have been investigated on the ionic conductance of polymeric complexes consisting of polyvinyl chloride）（PVC）/poly（ethyl methacrylate）（PEMA）,and lithium perchlorate（LiClO4）.The composite polymer blend electrolytes were prepared by solvent casting technique.The TiO2 nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer electrolyte matrix and exhibited excellent interconnection with PVC/PEMA/PC/UCIO4 polymer electrolyte.The addition of TiO2nanofillers improved the ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte to some extent when the content of TiO2 is 15 wt%.The addition of TiO2 also enhanced the thermal stability of the electrolyte.The changes in the structural and complex formation properties of the materials are studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） techniques.The scanning electron microscope image of nano-composite polymer electrolyte membrane confirms that the TiO2 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix.
