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High Purity Germanium, a Review on Principle Theories and Technical Production Methodologies 被引量:3
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作者 Danilo C. Curtolo Semiramis Friedrich Bernd Friedrich 《Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology》 2017年第4期65-84,共20页
Since the early 1950’s the use of Germanium has been continuously growing as new applications are being developed. Its first commercial usage as the main material, from which the semiconductors were made, was later r... Since the early 1950’s the use of Germanium has been continuously growing as new applications are being developed. Its first commercial usage as the main material, from which the semiconductors were made, was later replaced by Silicon. The applications were then shifted to a key component in fiber optics, infrared night vision devices and space solar cells, as well as a polymerization catalyst for polyethylene terephthalate (PET). With the advance development in new technologies, the attentions have been brought back to Germanium due to its excellent semiconductor properties. New applications on the field of high efficiency solar cells, SiGe based chips, LED technologies, etc., are being developed and show a great potential. According to DERA (Deutsche Rohstoffagentur/German Mineral Resources Agency), the demand for Ge will grow considerably by 2030, pushed mostly by the increase in the fiber optics market and advanced materials sector [1]. Therefore, this paper focuses on an overview of the production chain of Germanium, especially from its concentrate up to the single crystal growth of its valuable ultra-pure metallic form to be used in high technological applications. 展开更多
关键词 germanium Fractional CRYSTALLIZATION CRYSTALLIZATION REFINING high purity Zone MELTING CZOCHRALSKI
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Analyzing the surface passivity effect of germanium oxynitride:a comprehensive approach through first principles simulation and interface state density
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作者 Sheng-Jie Du Xiu-Xia Li +8 位作者 Yang Tian Yuan-Yuan Liu Ke Jia Zhong-Zheng Tang Jian-Ping Cheng Zhi Deng Yu-Lan Li Zheng-Cao Li Sha-Sha Lv 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期74-84,共11页
High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy resolution.The surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achiev... High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy resolution.The surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achieving an extremely low energy threshold.In this study,first-principles simulations,passivation film preparation,and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)capacitor characterization were combined to study surface passivation.Theoretical calculations of the energy band structure of the -H,-OH,and -NH_(2) passivation groups on the surface of Ge were performed,and the interface state density and potential with five different passivation groups with N/O atomic ratios were accurately analyzed to obtain a stable surface state.Based on the theoretical calculation results,the surface passivation layers of the Ge_(2)ON_(2) film were prepared via magnetron sputtering in accordance with the optimum atomic ratio structure.The microstructure,C-V,and I-V electrical properties of the layers,and the passivation effect of the Al/Ge_(2)ON_(2)/Ge MOS were characterized to test the interface state density.The mean interface state density obtained by the Terman method was 8.4×10^(11) cm^(-2) eV^(-1).The processing of germanium oxynitrogen passivation films is expected to be used in direct dark matter detection of the HPGe detector surface passivation technology to reduce the detector leakage currents. 展开更多
关键词 Surface passivation high purity germanium detector germanium nitrogen oxide Interface state density
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Optical Methods in Orientation of High-Purity Germanium Crystal
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作者 Guojian Wang Yongchen Sun +4 位作者 Yutong Guan Dongming Mei Gang Yang Angela Alanson Chiller Bruce Gray 《Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology》 2013年第2期60-63,共4页
Two optical methods, namely crystal facet reflection and etching pits reflection, were used to orient and high-purity germanium crystals. The X-ray diffraction patterns of three slices that were cut from the oriented ... Two optical methods, namely crystal facet reflection and etching pits reflection, were used to orient and high-purity germanium crystals. The X-ray diffraction patterns of three slices that were cut from the oriented and crystals were measured by X-ray diffraction. The experimental errors of crystal facet reflection method and etching pits reflection method are in the range of 0.05° - 0.12°. The crystal facet reflection method and etching pits reflection method are extremely simple and cheap and their accuracies are acceptable for characterizing high purity detector-grade germanium crystals. 展开更多
关键词 REFLECTION METHOD high-purity germanium CRYSTAL
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Production of High Purity Metals: A Review on Zone Refining Process 被引量:8
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作者 Xiaoxin Zhang Semiramis Friedrich Bernd Friedrich 《Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology》 2018年第1期33-55,共23页
Purification is a primary application of zone melting, in which the improvement of efficiency, production yield and minimum achievable impurity level are always the research focus due to the increasing demand for high... Purification is a primary application of zone melting, in which the improvement of efficiency, production yield and minimum achievable impurity level are always the research focus due to the increasing demand for high purity metals. This paper has systematically outlined the whole development of related research on zone refining of metals including basic theories, variants of zone refining, parametric optimization, numerical models, and high purity analytical methods. The collection of this information could be of good value to improve the refining efficiency and the production of high purity metals by zone refining. 展开更多
关键词 ZONE REFINING ZONE MELTING high purity Distribution Coefficient Aluminium germanium ULTRA-PURE Metal
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Methods for obtaining characteristic γ-ray net peak count from interlaced overlap peak in HPGe γ-ray spectrometer system 被引量:2
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作者 Yue-Li Song Feng-Qun Zhou +2 位作者 Yong Li Xiao-Jun Sun Peng-Fei Ji 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第1期73-78,共6页
For a characteristic c-ray with interlaced overlap peak, and the case where its reliable and credible net count cannot be obtained using the current high-purity germanium(HPGe) multichannel γ-ray spectrum software, t... For a characteristic c-ray with interlaced overlap peak, and the case where its reliable and credible net count cannot be obtained using the current high-purity germanium(HPGe) multichannel γ-ray spectrum software, two new methods are proposed herein to obtain the γ-ray net peak count from the interlaced overlap peak in the HPGe cray spectrometer system, of which one is the symmetric conversion method based on Gaussian distribution and the other is where the energy average value of two close γ-rays is regarded as the γ-ray energy. The experimental results indicate that the two methods mentioned above are reliable and credible. This study is significant for the development of better γ-ray spectrum processing software for measuring complex γ-ray spectra concerning the nuclear reaction cross section, neutron activation analysis, and analysis of transuranium elements, using an HPGe detector. 展开更多
关键词 PEAK COUNT Interlaced OVERLAP PEAK highpurity germanium (HPGe)γ-ray spectrometer system
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Simulation of Gamma-Ray and Neutron Spectrometers for Microsatellite Missions
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作者 Masayuki Naito Nobuyuki Hasebe +4 位作者 Junya Ishii José A.Matias-Lopes Valery V.Dmitrenko Christian Wohler Kyeong Ja Kim 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2018年第8期105-132,共28页
Microsatellites have recently opened windows of frequent and low cost missions for planetary exploration. The performance of gamma-ray and neutron spectrometers on future microsatellite missions is simulated to assess... Microsatellites have recently opened windows of frequent and low cost missions for planetary exploration. The performance of gamma-ray and neutron spectrometers on future microsatellite missions is simulated to assess the possibility of observation of hydrogen and major elements, given their concentration on the observation target. The measured elemental abundance will provide important geological constraints, and some of them may serve as space resources. Four different types of target bodies with various hydrogen concentrations in the range of 0 - 20,000 ppm are assumed as target compositions;Earth’s core, C-type, S-type and Martian meteorites. Gamma-ray and neutron emission rates show unique footprints that are related to the different elemental compositions. The starting point is the solid angle subtended between observation target and spectrometers that allow estimating the gamma-ray and neutron count rates emitted by the celestial bodies. In this work, three types of gamma-ray detectors;high-purity germanium (HPGe), CeBr3 and LaBr3(Ce), a neutron spectrometer combining a lithium glass scintillator with a boron loaded plastic scintillator and a dual mode spectrometer Cs2LiYCl6(Ce) (CLYC) are simulated, focusing on their observation backgrounds as a model case for microsatellite based measurements. The background count level of both gamma-ray (except for the LaBr3 detector) and neutron count rates was negligible under these particular conditions. The gamma-ray detectors were compared by the figure of merit, which was determined by their efficiency and energy resolution. It was found that each detector has unique advantages. The HPGe detector has the highest figure of merit due to its excellent energy resolution, whereas the CLYC detector is low in weight and power consumption due to its dual sensitivity to gamma-ray and neutron. The CeBr3 detector is an intermediate choice. The neutron count rates are calculated separately in three energy ranges, i.e. , thermal (<0.5 eV), epithermal (0.5 eV - 500 keV), and fast (>500 keV), as a function of the hydrogen concentration in the 0 - 20,000 ppm range. The thermal and epithermal neutron count rates are found to decrease with hydrogen concentration, while the fast neutron count rate increases with the target average atomic mass. The optimal detector should be decided by the mission restraints on mass, power consumption, and heat thermal design. 展开更多
关键词 Gamma-Ray spectrometer Neutron spectrometer Microsatellite.high purity germanium CeBr3 LaBr3(Ce) CLYC
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Assessment of Modeling Collimator Designs for Gamma-Ray Transmission of Uranium Oxide Spectrometry Using HPGe Detectors
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作者 Rasha Ali El-Tayebany Hekmat Elbegawy 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2023年第4期663-671,共9页
Many scientific domains use gamma-ray spectrometry, but non-destructive gamma scanning and gamma emission tomography of radioactive fuel in particular. In the experimental setting, a collimator is frequently employed ... Many scientific domains use gamma-ray spectrometry, but non-destructive gamma scanning and gamma emission tomography of radioactive fuel in particular. In the experimental setting, a collimator is frequently employed to focus on a particular location of interest in the fuel. Predictive models for the transmitted gamma-ray intensity through the collimator are required for both the optimization of instrument design and the planning of measurement campaigns. Gamma-ray transport accuracy is frequently predicted using Monte Carlo radiation transport methods, but using these tools in low-efficiency experimental setups is challenging due to the lengthy computation times needed. This study focused on the full-energy peak intensity that was transmitted through several collimator designs, including rectangle and cylinder. The rate of photons arriving at a detector on the other side of the collimator was calculated for anisotropic source of SNM (U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>). Some geometrical assumptions that depended on the source-to-collimator distance and collimator dimensions (length, radius or length, height, and width) were applied to achieve precise findings. 展开更多
关键词 Monte Carlo high purity germanium (HPGe) COLLIMATOR URANIUM
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高纯锗探测器瞬态温度场特性的模拟研究
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作者 阙子昂 郝晓勇 +3 位作者 何高魁 刘洋 赵江滨 田华阳 《核技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期69-76,共8页
为确保探测器在低温环境下稳定运行,分析了高纯锗探测器的内部传热机理,基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件建立了探测器的三维计算模型,得到了制冷过程中三维瞬态温度分布规律以及不同探测器内部结构和材料选择对温度分布的影响,通过仿真数... 为确保探测器在低温环境下稳定运行,分析了高纯锗探测器的内部传热机理,基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件建立了探测器的三维计算模型,得到了制冷过程中三维瞬态温度分布规律以及不同探测器内部结构和材料选择对温度分布的影响,通过仿真数据与实验数据的一致性比较,验证了该模型及仿真方法的正确性。为进一步优化和改进液氮制冷和电制冷型高纯锗探测器的设计参数提供了理论支撑。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗探测器 传热机理 温度分布 探测器结构
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多电极高纯锗探测器信号读出模拟研究
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作者 杨璟喆 田阳 +5 位作者 杨铭鑫 曾志 薛涛 曾鸣 代文翰 李玉兰 《核技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第11期57-65,共9页
多电极高纯锗探测器因兼具良好能量分辨率及位置灵敏的特点,在探测器内事例点信息提取方面具有一定的优势。对于多电极高纯锗探测器中的脉冲波形研究对γ谱分析性能优化、稀有事例探测和其他应用场景下的信号/本底甄别均具有关键参考意... 多电极高纯锗探测器因兼具良好能量分辨率及位置灵敏的特点,在探测器内事例点信息提取方面具有一定的优势。对于多电极高纯锗探测器中的脉冲波形研究对γ谱分析性能优化、稀有事例探测和其他应用场景下的信号/本底甄别均具有关键参考意义。为了模拟多电极高纯锗探测器的脉冲波形,本文通过分析探测器内部电场和权电势的分布,以及载流子轨迹和读出电极处感应电荷,从而得到多电极高纯锗探测器不同读出电极处感应波形信息。通过分析模拟波形,发现沿电极分布方向上收集电极可以感应到显著不同的感应信号,同时相邻电极可以感应到较弱的镜像信号,说明多电极高纯锗探测器在沿电极分布方向上具有一定的位置分辨能力。通过模拟分析,验证了该方法可用于为γ径迹重建甄别的相关物理机制研究提供支持,同时还能对其应用效果进行模拟评估。 展开更多
关键词 多电极高纯锗探测器 脉冲波形模拟 径迹重建甄别 蒙特卡罗方法
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基于蒙特卡罗方法的点源、体源全能峰效率计算方法研究
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作者 张磊 《辐射防护》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期445-453,共9页
基于高纯锗探测器效率的积分表达式,通过理论计算全能峰线减弱系数,并结合γ光子在探测器内的不同路径长度,采用蒙特卡罗方法替代数值积分得到全能峰效率期望值。首先模拟验证了N型和P型两种高纯锗谱仪在点源距离探测器5 cm轴向位置处... 基于高纯锗探测器效率的积分表达式,通过理论计算全能峰线减弱系数,并结合γ光子在探测器内的不同路径长度,采用蒙特卡罗方法替代数值积分得到全能峰效率期望值。首先模拟验证了N型和P型两种高纯锗谱仪在点源距离探测器5 cm轴向位置处的全能峰效率,模拟结果和实验结果的偏差在±5.24%以内,证明了方法对点源全能峰效率计算的准确性;在点源基础上,通过效率传递方法对体源进行全能峰效率计算,通过树脂、二氧化硅、咖啡灰及气溶胶滤膜4种不同介质的标准源对本方法进行验证,除P型探测器低能端偏差较大外,其余能量的探测效率计算偏差均小于±6.67%。与全过程蒙特卡罗模拟方法相比,本方法不需要专业的建模程序和昂贵的商业软件,仅通过简单编程就可计算点源和体源的高纯锗探测器全能峰效率,对应急条件下的放射性定量分析有较大实际意义。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗探测器 蒙特卡罗 全能峰效率 Γ谱仪
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高纯锗γ谱仪无源效率校准分析
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作者 王志玉 孔令海 +1 位作者 曹鹏涛 李锦 《核安全》 2024年第4期96-102,共7页
本文对无源效率校准软件LabSOCS进行验证及应用分析。选用两类共7个标准源对LabSOCS效率计算结果进行验证,^(137)Cs、^(60)Co和^(241)Am等41个监测数据表明,混合体源、点源相对偏差均分别位于±7.2%、±2%范围以内,说明点源验... 本文对无源效率校准软件LabSOCS进行验证及应用分析。选用两类共7个标准源对LabSOCS效率计算结果进行验证,^(137)Cs、^(60)Co和^(241)Am等41个监测数据表明,混合体源、点源相对偏差均分别位于±7.2%、±2%范围以内,说明点源验证效果较好,混合体源偏差略高。将LabSOCS软件应用于IAEA、中辐院样品能力验证及全国质量考核样品,选取具有代表性的水样、土壤、生物和气溶胶等7个样品进行分析,无源效率计算结果表明:采用IAEA评价准则,^(137)Cs、^(60)Co、^(241)Am等22个数据均为“满意”,即准确度和精密度均合格。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗谱仪 无源效率校准 Γ谱仪 LabSOCS
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地下实验室μBq/kg量级辐射本底测量装置研究进展
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作者 马豪 陈继开 +1 位作者 程建平 曾志 《实验技术与管理》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第7期1-7,共7页
中国锦屏地下实验室开展暗物质直接探测、无中微子双贝塔衰变等稀有事例探测实验,需要在地下实验室建立极低本底测试平台,对大部分材料实现毫贝可每千克(m Bq/kg)量级的放射性水平测量;对铜等材料实现微贝可每千克(μBq/kg)量级的放射... 中国锦屏地下实验室开展暗物质直接探测、无中微子双贝塔衰变等稀有事例探测实验,需要在地下实验室建立极低本底测试平台,对大部分材料实现毫贝可每千克(m Bq/kg)量级的放射性水平测量;对铜等材料实现微贝可每千克(μBq/kg)量级的放射性水平测量。正在建设中的极低本底分析测试平台,针对材料放射性筛选需求建立地下放射性测量分析系统和μBq/kg量级辐射本底测量装置,使用低本底高纯锗伽马谱仪作为探测器。μBq/kg量级辐射本底测量装置的设计目标是实现对10μBq/kg量级的材料放射性的测量。 展开更多
关键词 无中微子双贝塔衰变 极低本底 微贝可每千克 高纯锗
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基于低本底高纯锗γ谱仪测量茶叶和烟草中^(210)Pb和^(40)K的比活度 被引量:1
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作者 王宇 刘圆圆 +3 位作者 吴彬 王菁 熊莉萍 程建平 《原子能科学技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第5期1048-1056,共9页
茶叶和烟草中存在^(210)Pb和^(40)K等放射性核素,其放射性含量一直备受关注。本研究选择基于低本底高纯锗γ谱仪的γ能谱方法,并结合Geant4无源效率刻度技术,对典型的茶叶和烟草样本进行了^(210)Pb和^(40)K比活度测量。其中,低本底高纯... 茶叶和烟草中存在^(210)Pb和^(40)K等放射性核素,其放射性含量一直备受关注。本研究选择基于低本底高纯锗γ谱仪的γ能谱方法,并结合Geant4无源效率刻度技术,对典型的茶叶和烟草样本进行了^(210)Pb和^(40)K比活度测量。其中,低本底高纯锗γ谱仪由Canberra BEGe 5030高纯锗探测器和15 cm厚低本底钢+2 cm厚高纯无氧铜屏蔽室组成,在30~3 000 keV能量范围内,全谱计数率为1.98 s-1。基于以上实验设备,选择了4种茶叶和5种产地的香烟作为测量对象,测量结果显示,茶叶中^(210)Pb的比活度为8.15~49.67 Bq/kg,^(40)K的比活度为296.58~351.69 Bq/kg;烟草中^(210)Pb的比活度为21.74~31.16 Bq/kg,^(40)K的比活度为470.15~522.88 Bq/kg。根据样品中^(210)Pb的平均比活度估算,饮茶导致的^(210)Pb有效剂量应小于35.15μSv/a,吸烟导致的^(210)Pb有效剂量约为11.00μSv/a,饮茶和吸烟造成的相应核素的内照射剂量对人体健康的影响均较小。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗探测器 Γ能谱法 无源效率刻度 比活度
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基于扫描电子显微镜-X射线能谱的矿物自动分析系统(BPMA)测定高纯石英砂中杂质矿物 被引量:2
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作者 温利刚 贾木欣 +3 位作者 付强 张云海 王清 赵建军 《中国无机分析化学》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第8期845-850,共6页
杂质矿物作为高纯石英中杂质元素主要载体之一,是高纯石英砂产品中严格限定的成分,也是影响高纯石英提纯方案的关键因素,其组成、含量及赋存特征的准确分析,对高纯石英砂产品质量评价、原料选择合理性判断及提纯方案制定均有重要意义。... 杂质矿物作为高纯石英中杂质元素主要载体之一,是高纯石英砂产品中严格限定的成分,也是影响高纯石英提纯方案的关键因素,其组成、含量及赋存特征的准确分析,对高纯石英砂产品质量评价、原料选择合理性判断及提纯方案制定均有重要意义。采用基于扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱(EDS)的工艺矿物学参数自动分析系统(BPMA)测定了SiO_(2)纯度≥99.998%(4N8)的高纯石英砂中杂质矿物的组成、含量及嵌布特征,建立了高纯石英砂中杂质矿物的分析测定方法。结果表明,样品中石英的质量百分比为99.9988%,与高纯石英砂产品质量指标对应的SiO_(2)纯度化学分析结果基本一致;杂质矿物主要为辉石和锆石,偶见极其微量的方解石、磷钇矿、独居石和方铅矿;石英粒度均匀,主要分布在0.020~0.208 mm;杂质矿物嵌布粒度较细,绝大多数杂质矿物粒度在43μm以下,主要以微细粒矿物包裹体的形式嵌布在石英颗粒内。方法简捷高效、测量结果准确可靠,适用于高纯石英砂中杂质矿物组成、含量及赋存特征分析测定,也可以为其他高纯物料中微量杂质矿物检测提供技术借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 高纯石英砂 杂质矿物 矿物自动分析系统 BPMA 扫描电子显微镜 X射线能谱
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高纯锗γ能谱法测量伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣^(238)U方法研究 被引量:1
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作者 张会乔 张若煊 姚明 《江西化工》 2023年第2期44-47,50,共5页
为降低高纯锗(HPGe)γ谱仪测量稀土酸溶废渣^(238)U时基体自吸收效应产生的干扰,本文按比例将伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣样品与模拟土壤基体空白混合均匀,采用高纯锗(HPGe)γ谱仪对^(238)U子体^(234)Thγ射线(92.6keV)进行测量得到^(238)U... 为降低高纯锗(HPGe)γ谱仪测量稀土酸溶废渣^(238)U时基体自吸收效应产生的干扰,本文按比例将伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣样品与模拟土壤基体空白混合均匀,采用高纯锗(HPGe)γ谱仪对^(238)U子体^(234)Thγ射线(92.6keV)进行测量得到^(238)U放射性比活度。伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣样品与模拟土壤基体样品按比例为40g:260g与50g:250g时测量结果与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和激光荧光法测量结果相符合,可知HPGeγ能谱法在伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣样品与模拟土壤基体样品按40g:260g与50g:250g比例混合时灵敏度最佳。本研究建立了HPGeγ能谱法测定伴生放射性矿稀土酸熔渣中^(238)U的测定方法,填补当前伴生放射性矿样品^(238)U测定方法的空白。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗(HPGe)γ谱仪 模拟土壤基体空白 伴生放射性稀土酸熔渣 ^(238)U含量
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高纯锗γ能谱仪在测定土壤中放射性核素中的应用
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作者 韩建 吕旭 韩万兵 《山西化工》 CAS 2023年第5期43-45,50,共4页
本次试验研究过程中测量的土壤样品总数为125个,在测量土壤样品核素物质成分过程中,选择运用放射性核素γ能谱分析技术方法,且在本次试验研究工作开展过程中,在实际运用的测量技术设备能量分辨率水平显著低于相关职能部门配置的测量技... 本次试验研究过程中测量的土壤样品总数为125个,在测量土壤样品核素物质成分过程中,选择运用放射性核素γ能谱分析技术方法,且在本次试验研究工作开展过程中,在实际运用的测量技术设备能量分辨率水平显著低于相关职能部门配置的测量技术设备条件下,实际获取的测量数据结果,依然能够与所在地区相关职能部门监测发布的土壤环境放射性核素物质含量水平数据调查结果,彼此保持充分一致性,客观上证实本次试验研究工作开展过程中运用的方法具备充分可行性,以及具体选择运用的测量仪器设备具备准确性。本次试验研究工作开展过程中获取的结果证实,高纯锗γ能谱仪设备能够支持准确完成针对土壤样品中铀元素核素物质,以及镭元素核素物质含量的测量技术过程,且其实际获取的测量数据结果准确性,明显高于常规化学测量技术方法。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗γ能谱仪设备 测定 土壤 放射性核素 应用 探讨分析
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水中γ核素放射性实验过程中的问题探讨
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作者 胡志强 刘传秋 陈金鹏 《皮革制作与环保科技》 2023年第13期19-21,共3页
通过分析水中γ核素放射性实验过程中遇到的预处理样品均匀性问题、测量时间的选择、空白本底变化对实验的影响、不同情况下样品量的选择、解谱时遇到的干扰等相关问题,验证了问题存在的原因,并提出了相应的解决方法。通过对实验过程进... 通过分析水中γ核素放射性实验过程中遇到的预处理样品均匀性问题、测量时间的选择、空白本底变化对实验的影响、不同情况下样品量的选择、解谱时遇到的干扰等相关问题,验证了问题存在的原因,并提出了相应的解决方法。通过对实验过程进行优化和改进,可以更加准确、高效地完成对水中γ核素的放射性测量分析。 展开更多
关键词 γ核素 高纯锗Γ谱仪 放射性测量
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HPGe探测器对圆形面源探测效率的研究 被引量:2
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作者 张小林 余功硕 +3 位作者 李元景 许启初 解峰 白涛 《核技术》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第7期53-57,共5页
实验刻度了GEM60P4型高纯锗(High Purity Germanium,HPGe)探测器在H=250mm处对三种圆形面源(φ24 mm、φ80 mm和φ90 mm)的峰探测效率,结果表明,这三种源的效率基本一致。采用MCNP模拟了φ40–160mm内的圆形面源效率,研究了探测效率随... 实验刻度了GEM60P4型高纯锗(High Purity Germanium,HPGe)探测器在H=250mm处对三种圆形面源(φ24 mm、φ80 mm和φ90 mm)的峰探测效率,结果表明,这三种源的效率基本一致。采用MCNP模拟了φ40–160mm内的圆形面源效率,研究了探测效率随样品直径的变化关系,并采用Geant4计算了圆形面源对同轴探测器的有效立体角。对φ90mm以上的样品源,探测效率随源直径的增大在逐渐减小,且高能γ射线效率减小程度较快,需采用标准源进行效率刻度。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗(high purity germanium HPGe)探测器 圆形面源 探测效率
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高纯锗多晶材料区熔速度优化的数值模拟 被引量:5
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作者 郝昕 孙慧斌 +4 位作者 赵海歌 胡世鹏 罗奇 谭志新 白尔隽 《深圳大学学报(理工版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第3期248-253,共6页
为提高探测器级高纯锗多晶材料的制备效率,开展对锗材料多次区熔过程的参数优化的数值模拟.利用分凝原理对高纯锗多晶材料制备的区熔过程进行数值模拟,针对杂质分凝系数小于1的情况,比较了不同区熔速度下,单次和多次区熔的提纯效果.结... 为提高探测器级高纯锗多晶材料的制备效率,开展对锗材料多次区熔过程的参数优化的数值模拟.利用分凝原理对高纯锗多晶材料制备的区熔过程进行数值模拟,针对杂质分凝系数小于1的情况,比较了不同区熔速度下,单次和多次区熔的提纯效果.结果表明,虽然速度越慢单次区熔效果越好,但对多次区熔的累计效果要采用相对快速多次的方法,以实现相同提纯效果下总时间最短,即多次累计的区熔效率最高.给出了区熔速度的优化方法,以指导实验提高区熔效率. 展开更多
关键词 半导体 高纯锗制备 高纯锗探测器 区熔提纯 杂质浓度 数值模拟 参数优化
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高纯锗探测器探测效率的MCNP模拟 被引量:17
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作者 张建芳 赵广义 +3 位作者 王玉德 王明勇 马玉刚 张慧 《吉林大学学报(理学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第5期843-846,共4页
利用同轴型高纯锗(HPGe)探测器测量152Eu和133Ba在15cm处的探测效率,调节探测器死层厚度和冷指尺寸,利用Monte Carlo方法对同轴型HPGe探测器的全能峰效率进行模拟计算,并将计算效率与实验效率进行比较.结果表明,当HPGe探测器的死层厚度... 利用同轴型高纯锗(HPGe)探测器测量152Eu和133Ba在15cm处的探测效率,调节探测器死层厚度和冷指尺寸,利用Monte Carlo方法对同轴型HPGe探测器的全能峰效率进行模拟计算,并将计算效率与实验效率进行比较.结果表明,当HPGe探测器的死层厚度为0.22cm,冷指半径和长度分别为0.301cm和1.00cm时,模拟效率与实验效率相符。 展开更多
关键词 高纯锗探测器 全能峰探测效率 MONTE CARLO方法 死层厚度 冷指尺寸
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