Population Improvement of Resistance to Late Blight in Tetraploid Potato:A Case Study in Combination with AFLP Marker Assisted Background Selection

Cultivated potato with high level of horizontal resistance against late blight is one of the most important goals of potato breeding.The recurrent selection has been adopted to increase the level of potato horizontal resistance and a B3C1 population without R1-R11 dominant genes has been released by the International Potato Center at the short-day condition of Peru.The present research was carried out to further improve the resistance and the agronomic traits of B3C1 population under long-day condition of Hubei,China,with maximized retention of its genetic diversity.Twenty-seven individual clones of B3C1 were used to generate population B3C2 by in-population crossing with the bulk pollens aiming to elevate the frequency of late blight resistance genotypes and to improve the adaptation to local long-day conditions.The late blight resistance and the main agronomic traits including the maturity,the plant characters and the tuber traits were evaluated for the foreground selection in three years,by which 130 pedigrees were maintained as the basic population of B3C2 for further selection.A total of 312 polymorphic loci detected by 9 AFLP marker combinations were used to monitor the genetic diversity of the populations for the background selection.The B3C2 population of 51 clones was finally selected,of which the frequency of resistant genotypes increased by 23.8% points and the genetic diversity was maintained by about 96% as referred to B3C1.Our results strongly suggested that combination of the foreground selection for target traits and the background selection for the genetic diversity is an efficient strategy in the recurrent selection of tetraploid potato to improve quantitative traits.

Yield Stability and Late Blight Resistance Analysis among Potato Clones Bred with Quantitative Resistance

Thirteen promising clones from population B3C2 potato genotypes （bred for quantitative resistance to late blight） obtained from the International Potato Center and three control cultivars were evaluated for four planting dates within two cropping seasons at Kalengyere Research Station in Southwestern Uganda in order to determine performance and yield stability. The analysis of variance of the relative area under disease progress curve （rAUDPC） revealed significant difference （P 〈 0.001） among genotype x planting date interaction, and significant difference （P 〈 0.001） among genotypes x fungicide treatments x planting date interaction. The analysis of variance （ANOVA） of yield revealed also significant difference among genotypes x planting date interaction and significant difference （P 〈 0.05） among genotypes x fungicide treatments x planting date interaction, showing the variable response of genotypes and the need for stability analysis. The additive main effects and multiplicative interactive （AMMI） statistical model showed that the most stable and high yielding genotypes were 396038.107, 396026.103 and 393280.82. The cultivars Victoria, Nakpot 5 and Cruza recorded low yields （below the average）, but Nakpot 5 was generally more variable, and is therefore highly adaptable to some environments.

Obtaining New Potato Cultivars with Late Blight Resistance and Adapted to Climate Change Using Participatory Varietal Selection

The potato crop in Peru is the main income and food source for the smallholder of the highland grower of the Peruvian Andes.For urban population,it represents one of the main components of the food basket and for commercial intermediaries.It is the main brokerage product considering its volume and value.To facilitate the adoption and diffusion of new potato cultivars after its release,adequate methodologies are necessary to apply during the process of evaluation and selection.One of these methodologies is called participatory varietal selection(PVS).The objective of this study was to identify new potato cultivars and/or genotypes with resistance or tolerance to adverse effects of climate change applying PVS,in order to obtain new varieties with acceptable economic yields.In this way potato growers of the Peruvian highland Andes should benefit through the improvement of their economic status,food security and overall life quality.During 2016-2017,three potato clones(CIP393079.4,CIP387096.2 and CIP396034.268)and two commercial varieties(Unica,Canchan)were evaluated at eight Peruvian locations in three regions(Huánuco,Junín and Huancavelica).Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design,with three replications.Main criteria for selection were late blight resistance,abundant foliage,drought tolerance,yield and uniform and healthy tubers.In all three regions the three best clones selected were CIP396034.268,CIP393079.4 and CIP387096.2,ranking in first,second and third place,respectively.Men and women selected the same clones,but in a different order.Commercial cultivars ranked 4th and 5th.However,local growers selected Canchan,CIP387096.2 and CIP393079.4 based on appearance,texture and taste tests.The last two clones(CIP387096.2 and CIP393079.4)should be considered for a future release.

In-Vitro Evaluation of Resistance to Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont. De Bary.) in Solanum Accessions Native to Chile, by Inoculation of Detached Leaflets

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the resistance of 10 accessions to P. infestans, by in-vitro inoculation of detached leaflets with a complex isolation of the fungus. Late blight, caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans Mont. De Bary, is one of the most important diseases of the potato crop, and can destroy complete plantations in a short space of time. Chile is considered as a sub-centre of the origin of cultivated potatoes with many native potato varieties in the country. The different resistance components demonstrated that within the material of Chilean native Solanum, there was a wide range of variation to late blight. The resistant control (R-8906384) and the accessions UCT-34-Cor presented the lowest infection efficiency, small sizes of the lesions and low levels of sporulation classifying them as the most resistant. This suggests low efficiency of the infection and high resistance to penetration in these materials. The more susceptible accessions often presented a good level of resistance for one or few components. It would be of great interest to go into the genetic control of the different resistance components to know if the same level of resistance expressed for a component by different accessions is under the same genetic control or not.

117份高抗晚疫病马铃薯种质资源遗传多样性分析

以117份高抗晚疫病马铃薯种质资源为试验材料,通过遗传多样性指数、变异系数及聚类分析等方法,对117份试验材料的26个性状进行分析。结果表明,20个质量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围为0.35~1.61,6个数量性状变异系数大小排序依次为:主茎数>块茎产量>株高>干物质含量>茎粗>淀粉含量,遗传多样性指数变化范围为0.99~1.50。通过聚类分析,117份试验材料被划分为4类,第Ⅰ类材料多样性丰富,整体性状表现优良,比较符合现有栽培品种的性状特点;第Ⅱ类材料平均产量较高,聚合了我国主栽的4个高抗晚疫病马铃薯品种,可作为晚疫病抗性育种亲本;第Ⅲ类材料主茎数较多,植株整体表现为短日照类型,可作为抗性育种的抗原材料;第Ⅳ类材料包含4份资源,产量最高,可直接用于生产和育种亲本。对117份材料进行R8分子标记检测,其中104份资源含有R8基因,可作为晚疫病抗性基因聚合育种的基础材料。

地质高背景区晚疫病马铃薯根际土壤细菌群落对重金属胁迫的响应

探究地质高背景区重金属胁迫下晚疫病马铃薯根际土壤细菌群落变化及其影响因素,对马铃薯安全生产具有重要意义。采集马铃薯(‘青薯9号’‘威芋5号’和‘威芋3号’)健康植株和晚疫病发病植株根际土壤,检测土壤p H、有机质和重金属含量,用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析细菌群落;采集马铃薯块茎,测定重金属含量。试验区土壤Cd、Cr和Zn含量均值分别为2.14、170和220 mg/kg,Cd含量超过国家土壤质量标准风险管制值,Cr和Zn含量超筛选值。马铃薯块茎仅1个样品Cd含量为0.103 mg/kg,超过国家食品安全限值标准。发病马铃薯根际土壤优势细菌门及其相对丰度主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)33.16%~39.09%、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)13.45%~17.11%;优势菌属主要为鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)8.78%~12.30%、芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)6.22%~7.61%,发病植株优势菌相对丰度与健康植株存在差异。不同品种间细菌多样性与丰度不同,马铃薯感染晚疫病后根际土壤细菌群落多样性升高,细菌菌群丰度下降。主成分分析显示发病植株与健康植株细菌群落差异性贡献率为29.59%。冗余分析结果表明,土壤重金属和pH显著影响土壤细菌群落组成和结构,对优势菌群的影响尤为明显,健康与发病植株间细菌群落的差异受土壤Pb、Cr胁迫的影响更大。因此,地质高背景区重金属胁迫下马铃薯可实现安全生产,染病马铃薯植株根际土壤细菌群落多样性降低,丰富度上升,土壤Pb、Cr通过改变根际土壤细菌群落有益菌类而影响晚疫病的发生和发展。

NBS Profiling Identifies Potential Novel Locus from Solanum demissum That Confers Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Phytophthora infestans

Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, is the most serious disease of potato worldwide. The adoption of varieties with resistance genes, especially broad-spectrum resistance genes, is the most efficient approach to control late blight. Solanum demissum is a well-known wild potato species from which 11 race-specific resistance genes have been identified, however, no broad-spectrum resistance genes like RB have been reported in this species. Here, we report a novel reisistance locus from S. demissum that potentially confer broad-spectrum resistance to late blight. A small segregating population of S. demissum were assessed for resistance to aggressive P. infestans isolates（race 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11）. This coupled with nucleotide binding site（NBS） profiling analyses, led to the identification of three fragments that linked to the potential candidate resistance gene（s）. Cloning and sequence analysis of these fragments suggested that the identified resistance gene locus is located in the region containing R2 resistance gene at chromosome 4. Based on the sequences of the cloned fragments, a co-segregating sequence characterized amplified region（SCAR） marker, RDSP, was developed. The newly identified marker RDSP will be useful for marker assisted breeding and further cloning of this potential resistance gene locus.

四川省马铃薯主栽品种对晚疫病的抗性评价

【目的】探明四川省马铃薯主栽品种对晚疫病的抗性程度,为马铃薯品种布局和抗病品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】选择四川省生产上15个主栽马铃薯品种[川芋10号、川芋117、川芋56、达芋2号、费乌瑞它(CK)、会-2、丽薯6号、凉薯97、陇薯10号、米拉、青薯9号、蓉紫芋5号、希森6号、夏波蒂和兴佳2号]为研究对象,以相对抗病指数为指标,利用CARAH马铃薯晚疫病预警模型评价15个品种对马铃薯晚疫病的抗性程度。【结果】四川省马铃薯晚疫病侵染病程共8代,极重度侵染、重度侵染、中度侵染和轻度侵染分别发生18次、8次、4次和16次,发生比例分别为39.13%、17.39%、8.70%和34.78%;主要在马铃薯晚疫病第4~5代侵染病程出现中心病株;在15个品种中,无免疫品种,病情指数为9.82~82.65,费乌瑞它(CK)最高,达芋2号最低,达芋2号、丽薯6号、青薯9号、陇薯10号和凉薯97较CK表现为高抗,占供试品种的33.33%;米拉、川芋10号、川芋117和会-2较CK表现为中抗,占26.67%;兴佳2号和川芋56较CK表现为中感,占13.33%;夏波蒂、蓉紫芋5号和希森6号较CK表现为高感,占20.00%。【结论】达芋2号、丽薯6号、青薯9号、陇薯10号和凉薯97高抗晚疫病,在马铃薯晚疫病第5代侵染病程才出现中心病株,可在晚疫病常发区种植,但应加强监测预警防控,以获得较高的产量及经济效益。

马铃薯与致病疫霉互作研究进展与展望

马铃薯是重要的粮食作物,由致病疫霉侵染引发的晚疫病长期严重制约马铃薯产业的健康发展,因此,国内外均将马铃薯晚疫病列为重大病害。目前,抗病品种选育栽培、晚疫病预测预报和化学防治等相结合的晚疫病综合防治手段已得到普遍推广,但晚疫病局部大流行在全世界范围内仍时有发生,给粮食安全和生态安全带来巨大挑战。本文回顾了我国晚疫病的部分研究历史,集中关注致病疫霉与寄主的互作机制领域,梳理了近年来关于致病疫霉侵入机理、效应蛋白毒力功能、病原菌变异规律、马铃薯抗病机理等方面的重要研究结果并展望未来主要的研究方向,以期为晚疫病基础研究和防治技术革新提供参考。

255份马铃薯种质晚疫病广谱Rpi基因标记检测及抗性田间验证

马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)是云南省的第三大粮食作物,晚疫病严重威胁马铃薯的生产,防治晚疫病最好的策略是种植抗性品种。本研究对255份马铃薯种质检测已报道的6个广谱Rpi基因分子标记,并鉴定田间晚疫病抗性。结果表明,含R8、RB、Rpi-blb2、Rpi-sto1、Rpi-sto1、Rpi-vnt1.1基因的材料分别有69、53、51、12、23、75份;81份材料聚合了多个广谱Rpi基因,其中77份来源于国际马铃薯中心(CIP)。田间抗性鉴定结果表明:255份材料中,高抗、中抗、中感和高感材料分别有67、31、67、90份,高抗与中抗材料分别有58份和29份源于CIP。国内种质与CIP种质相比,缺乏抗病与聚合多个广谱Rpi基因的种质。结果还表明,R8基因在晚疫病田间抗性中起主要贡献,R8分子标记田间抗性符合程度较高,并在聚合其他广谱Rpi基因时,符合程度与抗性会随之提高。本研究检测了255份材料的6个广谱Rpi基因分子标记组成,筛选出一批抗性材料,证明了R8分子标记具有较高的晚疫病田间抗性符合程度,可用于选择抗性材料或单株,能为抗病育种与分子标记辅助选择育种提供科学依据。

马铃薯StCYP83基因家族鉴定及其抗晚疫病的功能分析

【目的】通过鉴定马铃薯StCYP83基因家族成员,分析其响应致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)侵染的表达模式,挖掘具有抗晚疫病功能的StCYP83并解析其免疫机制,为马铃薯抗晚疫病分子育种提供新型抗性基因资源。【方法】利用双向BLAST法鉴定StCYP83基因家族成员,通过ExPASy Prot Param、Cell-Ploc 2.0、ESPript等软件分析StCYP83蛋白序列基本信息、亚细胞定位情况、保守基序;利用qRT-PCR技术分析StCYP83响应致病疫霉侵染的表达模式;利用农杆菌介导的本氏烟瞬时表达体系和马铃薯过表达(OE)稳定转化植株分析候选基因影响寄主植物抗致病疫霉的免疫功能及作用机理。【结果】在马铃薯基因组中共鉴定到10个StCYP83家族基因,分别命名为StCYP83B1—StCYP83B10,编码蛋白长度介于387—503aa,分子量介于44—57 kDa,亚细胞定位预测结果显示StCYP83蛋白均定位于内质网膜。qRT-PCR结果表明,StCYP83家族成员在不同程度上均可响应致病疫霉侵染而诱导表达,暗示StCYP83家族基因可能在马铃薯与致病疫霉互作中发挥作用。基于此,从中选取明显响应致病疫霉侵染而诱导上调表达、且与拟南芥AtCYP83B1同源性最高的StCYP83B1用于后续的免疫功能解析。本氏烟瞬时过表达的接菌测试结果表明,StCYP83B1具有抗致病疫霉的生物学功能;同时,过表达StCYP83B1可显著促进PTI标记基因(NbWRKY7、NbWRKY8)、SA信号通路标记基因(NbPR1和NbPR2)和JA信号通路标记基因(NbPR3和NbLOX)的上调表达,并提高flg22诱发的活性氧迸发。此外,StCYP83B1编码蛋白保守基序中的半胱氨酸位点为其抗性功能所必需。StCYP83B1过表达(StCYP83B1-OE)株系对致病疫霉的抗性有所增强,且呈现出增强的PTI免疫反应,包括flg22诱发的活性氧水平升高以及PTI标记基因(StWRKY7、StWRKY8和StACRE31)的显著诱导上调表达。此外,马铃薯SA信号通路相关基因(StPR1、StPR2、StPR5和StPAL2)和JA信号通路相关基因(StLOX、StAOS和StOPR3)也被诱导上调表达。【结论】共鉴定到10个StCYP83家族成员,StCYP83家族成员在不同程度上均可响应致病疫霉的侵染而诱导表达。StCYP83B1通过激活PTI、SA和JA信号通路调控植物对致病疫霉的抗性;而StCYP83B1血红素结合域中的半胱氨酸位点为其抗性功能所必需。

磷酸二氢钾影响马铃薯对晚疫病抗性的初步研究

本研究以马铃薯品种‘丽薯6号’为试材,对叶面喷施不同浓度磷酸二氢钾4 d后的植株接种晚疫病菌,测定晚疫病发生的严重度,并测定磷酸二氢钾和晚疫病菌处理后14 d内马铃薯植株的PAL、SOD、POD、PPO、Chi、GLU活性及SP含量。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内,磷酸二氢钾可减轻马铃薯晚疫病的发生,随着施用浓度的增加,晚疫病发病逐渐减轻。其中磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为0.6%时,晚疫病发病最轻,接种晚疫病菌后8 d防效达35.64%,12 d时仍超过30%,但浓度超过0.6%,晚疫病发生加重。同时,喷施磷酸二氢钾可不同程度地提升健康和接种晚疫病菌的马铃薯植株体内6种防御酶活性及可溶性蛋白含量。因此,磷酸二氢钾在一定时间段内可诱导马铃薯对晚疫病的抗性,减轻晚疫病的发生。

基于转录组测序的马铃薯晚疫病抗病基因筛选

【目的】利用马铃薯抗晚疫病种质资源筛选晚疫病抗病基因,为马铃薯晚疫病抗性育种提供理论基础。【方法】基于转录组测序技术,分析20个具有持续强抗晚疫病的马铃薯品种/品系和3个易感晚疫病品种的抗、感差异表达基因,利用GO数据库预测差异表达基因的功能,Clustal Omega程序比对氨基酸序列,MEGA6构建氨基酸序列进化树及SMART和HMMER程序分析蛋白结构域。【结果】对比3个易感晚疫病品种,20个持续强抗病材料间具有共性上调或下调表达的基因,筛选到转录水平相差2倍的上调基因有6034个、下调基因4611个;GO分析表明,在表达上调的基因中,有508个基因的表达产物参与转录调控,1084个基因的表达产物拥有ATP结合功能,1179个基因的表达产物位于细胞核内发挥功能。在这些差异表达的基因中,分别有313及111个基因表达量相差10倍上调或下调,其中在表达水平极调的基因中,有3个cc-NBS-LRR类基因与已克隆的晚疫病抗性基因有相似的蛋白结构域,其中,PGSC0003DMP400034099基因由876个氨基酸组成,与Rpi-amr3i基因的亲缘关系较近,其内部有9个LRR结构域,而Rpi-amr3i基因内部只有4个LRR结构域;PGSC0003DMP400045185基因由911个氨基酸组成,与Rpi-amr3i、R1-A、R8以及Rpi-blb2基因的亲缘关系较近,其内部的LRR结构域比Rpi-amr3i、R1-A、R8和Rpi-blb2多,且包含MeaB和Hc1结构域;PGSC0003DMP400042154基因由888个氨基酸组成,与Rpi-vnt1基因的3个转录本亲缘关系较近,内部都含有1个ABC transporter结构域,3个LRR结构域,Rpi-vnt1 3个转录本内只有1个LRR结构域。【结论】在20个具有持续强抗晚疫病特性的马铃薯品种/品系中筛选到大量差异表达的基因,其中极显著上调表达的cc-NBS-LRR类基因PGSC0003DMP400034099、PGSC0003DMP400045185和PGSC0003DMP400042154与已知晚疫病抗性功能基因具有相同的保守性分子结构,可能参与马铃薯持续强抗晚疫病。

马铃薯抗晚疫病种质资源中抗病基因的筛选

【目的】筛选晚疫病抗病种质资源的晚疫病抗病基因,为马铃薯晚疫病抗性种质创新与利用提供依据。【方法】利用转录组测序技术分析马铃薯抗感晚疫病材料(广谱晚疫病抗性材料野生种Solanum demissum品系cs47)和易感材料(卡它丁、大西洋、底西瑞)间差异表达基因,利用GO数据库预测差异表达基因的功能,Clustal Omega程序比对氨基酸序列,MEGA6绘制氨基酸序列进化树。【结果】利用马铃薯抗病种质资源cs47筛选得到PGSC0003DMP400045185、PGSC0003DMP400015105和PGSC0003DMP400015107共3个潜在的晚疫病抗性基因,与3个易感晚疫病品种比分别有6 084~6 547个和6 264~6 316个基因表达水平显著上升和显著下降。在显著差异表达水平的基因中,3个cc-NBS-LRR类基因和已克隆的晚疫病抗性基因拥有类似的蛋白结构域。【结论】广谱晚疫病抗性材料野生种S.demissum品系cs47含有PGSC0003DMP400045185、PGSC0003DMP400015105和PGSC0003DMP400015107共3个潜在的晚疫病抗性基因,转录组测序技术有助于分离晚疫病抗病基因。

马铃薯抗晚疫病基因工程育种研究

通过改进外植体处理方法、添加乙酰丁香酮提高外植体芽分化频率、筛选芽分化培养基中激素浓度和确定 转化后再生体系的筛选物质及其使用浓度等方法建立和优化了马铃薯脱毒微型种薯的根癌农杆菌遗传转化体系。 利用该体系将水稻类甜蛋白基因和水稻几丁质酶基因导入津引薯8号脱毒微型种薯中,并获得转基因株系。通过 PCR和southern杂交分子检测,证明ZGY-298,ZGY-283和ZGY-301 3个株系均整合了这2个基因。采用晚疫 病主要生理混合小种温室活体接种和离体接种进行抗病性分析表明,在晚疫病发病高峰期(接种后5-6 d)。转基因 株系对晚疫病抗性明显高于对照品种,并可使病情蔓延推迟2-3 d。

转无毒基因马铃薯抗晚疫病的研究 (英文)

晚疫病菌 (Phytophthorainfestans)引起的马铃薯晚疫病是危害全球马铃薯生产的严重病害。通过基因工程方法把外源基因导入植物体内以增强抗病性被证明是一条行之有效的途径。应用植物基因工程技术将具有能激活植物自身防御系统的无毒基因与适合于植物背景、非专一性的病原物诱导启动子组合成嵌合基因构建到植物表达载体中。通过农杆菌或基因枪的介导转化植物 ,可筛选出高效广谱的抗真菌和细菌病害的转基因植株。本研究从病原细菌PseudomonassyringaePV .tomato中获得的无毒基因avrD (0·93kb)和从病原真菌Phytophthoraparasitica中获得的无毒基因Elicitin(0 2 94kb)分别与非专一性病原物诱导启动子Pill和BG组成含 2个嵌合基因 (Pill -avrD ,BG -Elicitin)的植物表达载体pYH144和pYHEt。通过农杆菌LBA4 4 0 4介导转化马铃薯 ,其中用pYH144载体转化 2个品种 (克新 1号 ,2号 ) ,用pYHEt载体转化 3个品种 (Desiree ,克新 2号 ,4号 ) ,通过组织培养分别获得潮霉素 (HygromycinB)标记的转基因马铃薯试管苗。将转基因试管苗扩繁 ,应用马铃薯脱毒微型种薯生产技术获得转无毒基因微型薯 ,在温室 (15～ 2 5℃和湿度高 )条件下 ,观察转无毒基因马铃薯植株中对晚疫病菌自然感染的抗性。 1998年和 1999年 (每年的 3-

马铃薯无性系对晚疫病的抗病性配合力分析

本文按 16X3双因数交叉式遗传设计配置的 48个单交种为材料 ,连续 2年在云南农业大学试验农场进行了家系的抗病性评价试验。试验采用随机区组 ,4次重复 ;抗病性采用JanW Henfling的方法计算发病叶面积 ,并进行了配合力分析。结果表明 :(1)马铃薯对晚疫病的抗病性主要由母本决定。 (2 )一般配合力对于马铃薯抗晚疫病更为重要。 (3)母本 3930 85 5、 3910 0 2 15、 3910 0 2 6、 3910 0 4 4号具有较高的一般配合力 ,父本一般配合力不高。 (4)母本 3932 80 5 8号与父本 392 6 39 8具有较高的特殊配合力。本研究结果为马铃薯抗晚疫病的亲本选配提供了重要依据。

马铃薯晚疫病研究

马铃薯晚疫病是由疫霉(Phytophthora spp.)引起的严重的真菌病.马铃薯晚疫菌因导致马铃薯茎叶死亡和块茎腐烂而成为马铃薯疫灾中危害最大的病原菌,目前关于马铃薯晚疫病的研究方兴未艾.通过对马铃薯晚疫病的描述和菌的分离,分析了马铃薯的抗病机制以及基因工程方面研究进展,并提出建议,以便在育种方面参考.

马铃薯种质资源对晚疫病的室内及田间抗性鉴定

【目的】明确马铃薯种质资源对晚疫病的抗感性,为在江西省选育推广和合理布局抗病马铃薯品种及对晚疫病进行综合治理提供科学依据。【方法】采用室内离体叶片接种法和田间自然病圃法对35份马铃薯种质材料进行晚疫病抗性鉴定,综合评价参试材料的抗感性。【结果】参试材料中,费乌瑞它、中薯3号、中薯10号、中薯13号、08HE042-2、N157、N108和D692等8份材料在两种试验方法中均表现为高感,而中薯17号、07HE147-4、07HE005-06、D516、07HE169-1和D504等6份材料表现为高抗或抗病。聚类分析结果表明,除08CA0687、中薯5号、中薯11号和D545等4份材料在两种方法中的鉴定结果存在差异外,其余材料的鉴定结果基本一致。【结论】马铃薯离体叶片对晚疫病的抗病性可基本代表成株期的抗病性。07HE147-4、07HE005-06、D516、07HE169-1和D504等高抗或抗病材料可作为马铃薯抗病育种的亲本材料,华薯3号、中薯7号和中薯17号等高抗至中抗晚疫病可在江西省内推广种植。

云南省马铃薯主栽品种对晚疫病的抗性分析

利用33个已知基因型的马铃薯晚疫病菌对云南省的马铃薯主栽品种及加工型品种进行抗病性分析及基因型推导。结果表明,参试品种合作88对含有8号小种的病原基因感病,表明品种合作88中含有抗性基因R8;M ira对含有3号小种的病原基因感病,说明品种M ira含有的抗性基因为R3;大多数供试品种已丧失了对晚疫病的抗病性;滇薯6号对87.9%的菌株表现高度的抗性。