Effects of Health Education with Problem-Based Learning Approaches on the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Coping Skills of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Plateau Areas

Objective: Given the unique cultural background, way of life, and physical environment of the Tibetan Plateau, this study aims to investigate the effects of health education using problem-based learning (PBL) approaches on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and coping skills of women with high-risk pregnancies in this region. Methods: 76 high-risk pregnancy cases were enrolled at Tibet’s Linzhi People’s Hospital between September 2023 and April 2024. 30 patients admitted between September 2023 and December 2023 were selected as the control group and were performed with regular patient education. 46 patients admitted between January 2024 and April 2024 were selected as the observation group and were performed regular patient education with problem-based learning approaches. Two groups’ performance on their health knowledge, attitude, practice and coping skills before and after interventions were evaluated, and patient satisfaction were measured at the end of the study. Results: There was no statistical significance (P P P Conclusions: Health education with problem-based learning approaches is worth promoting as it can help high-risk pregnant women in plateau areas develop better health knowledge, attitude and practice and healthier coping skills. Also, it can improve patient sanctification.

Application Analysis of High Risk HPV Detection Combined with Cervical Cytology, Colposcopy and Pathology in Cervical Lesions of Women in Tiandeng County

Purpose: To understand the application of high-risk HPV detection combined with cervical cytology, colposcopy and pathology in cervical lesions of women in Tiandeng County. Method: Women in the outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were collected for high-risk HPV testing, TCT, colposcopy and pathological examination according to their personal wishes, to understand the application of relevant examinations in cervical lesions. Result: In 2021, the number of patients was 5801, among whom 1743 patients had received cervical cancer examination in the past, accounting for 30.05% of the total number of patients, and 5795 who had volunteered for TCT examination this time, accounting for 99.90% of the total;A total of 289 cases of atypical squamous cells with unclear significance (ASC-US) were detected, excluding 11 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H), 122 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 16 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 4 cases of atypical adenocyte (AGC);Atypical cervical adenocytosis and cervical carcinoma in situ were not detected. The number of people who volunteered for high-risk HPV testing was 4237, and the number of positive cases was 740, accounting for 17.47% of the screening population;Among 740 HPV-positive patients, 488 high-risk HPV-positive patients were selected for TCT examination, and 87 patients were found to be TCT positive;From 401 high-risk HPV-positive and TCT negative patients, 287 patients with possible lesions were screened out for colposcopy;The results showed that 60 patients may have certain cervical lesions and need further pathological examination and the results showed that 28 patients had CTN1 and 18 patients had CIN2 - 3. In 2022, 8840 patients received medical treatment, among which 3188 patients had received cervical cancer examination in the past, accounting for 36.06% of the total number of patients, and 8314 patients voluntarily underwent TCT examination, accounting for 94.05% of the total number of patients. 434 cases of atypical squamous cells with ambiguous meaning (ASC-US) were detected, excluding 13 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H), 217 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 35 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma, and 4 cases of atypical adenocarcinoma (AGC);Atypical cervical adenocytosis and cervical carcinoma in situ were not detected. The number of volunteers for high-risk HPV testing was 3871 cases, and the number of positive cases was 654 cases, accounting for 16.89% of the screening number. 527 high-risk HPV-positive patients were selected from 654 HPV-positive patients for TCT examination, and the number of TCT-positive patients was found to be 49. From 478 high-risk HPV-positive patients with TCT negative, 276 patients with possible lesions were screened out for colposcopy;The results showed that 66 patients may have certain cervical lesions and need further pathological examination;and then the results showed that 31 cases of CTN1 and 6 cases of CIN2 - 3. Conclusion: Gynecological high-risk HPV examination can provide better etiological sources for cervical cancer screening;Cervical cytology examination has high sensitivity;Colposcopy examination has high specificity;Pathological examination can be used as an effective supplement for cervical cytology examination and colposcopy;So high-risk HPV combined with cytology examination, colposcopy examination and pathological examination has high clinical application value;It is worth popularizing and applying.

Contamination of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs in High Risk Area of Esophageal Cancer

Fungal and mycotoxin contamination has been found in fordstuffs from Cixian County, an area with a high incidence of esophageal carcinoma (Eca). To set a scientific foundation for the prevention of Eca at the etiological level, fungal and mycotoxin contaminations of local foodstuffs in Cixian County were analyzed using classical fungal culture methods and HPLC. From 1990 to 1994, 220 corn/wheat samples and 34 corn samples were studied. As a control, 26 corn samples collected from a relatively low incidence area of Eca in Zanhuang County were analyzed for mycotoxins in 1990. The results showed that fungal contamination in corn and wheat was severe and that several of the predominant contaminating fungi such as Furasium moniliforme, etc. were carcinogenic. HPLC results showed that the detection rate and mean content of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (ST) in the mountainous area (5/8; 9. 14 μg/kg) were significantly higher than those in the hilly (0; 0) and plain areas (1/18; 1. 29 μg/kg) as well as in low risk area control samples (3/26; 0. 76 μg/kg). Detection rates of deoxynivalenol (DON) in mountainous and hilly areas (5/8, 4/8 respectively) were slightly higher than that in plain area (8/18), while the mean content of DON in the plain area was significantly higher (90. 45-170. 22 vs 50. 56 and 46. 45 μg/kg).Among the different aflatoxins, AFB1 was detected in samples from the two villages in the plain area for the subsequent two years. The mean content of AFB1 was 0. 0183μg/kg, and the highest level was 0. 0497 μg/kg. No AFB1 was detected in the samples from mountainous and hilly areas. AFG1 was detected in more than half of all the samples, and its concentration ranged from 8. 77 to 46. 51 ng/kg. No AFG2 was found in the samples. Thus, the results suggest that at present, fungal and mycotoxin contamination of foodstuffs in Cixian County are quite common.

Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Abandoned Land in Coal Mining Areas in Xingren County

Total contents of heavy metals （ Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Zn, and Ni） in 68 soil samples were determined to evaluate the contamination level of soil from five coal mine areas in Xingren County, Guizhou province. The pollution levels of heavy metals were characterized by anthro- pogenic influence multiple, and the pollution of heavy metal in soil was evaluated using geo-accumulation index. Based on the health risk models recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency （ US EPA）, the health risks of heavy metals in the soils were assessed. The results showed that the abandoned land in the five coal mining areas were contaminated by heavy metals, and the order of pollution levels of eight heavy metals was As 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Hg 〉 Ni 〉 Cr 〉 Cd 〉 Zn. The soils suffered moderate-heavy pollution from As and Pb, and the contents of As and Pb in the soils were 13.16 and 4.76 times higher than the background values of Guizhou Province, followed by Cu, Hg and Ni , while soil pollution from Cr, Cd and Zn was mild. The order of non-caminogenic risks of the heavy metals in the soils was As 〉 Pb 〉 Cr 〉 Ni 〉 Cu 〉 Hg 〉 Cd 〉 Zn, and the non-carcinogenic dsk value of As was higher than that its threshold value 1, which indicated that As had a high potential health risk to adults and children. The order of carcinogen risks of the four heavy metals was As 〉 Cd 〉 Cr 〉 Ni, and the carcinogenic risk value of As was higher than its threshold value, indicating that As had a high carcinogenic risk to adults and children. The carcinogenic risk values of other three heavy metals （ Cd, Cr and Ni） were lower than the threshold value, so they had no carcinogenic risk to human health. Moreover, children were more sensitively affect- ed by heavy metals from the abandoned land. Therefore, the health of children in such areas should be paid more attention to. The HI value of the eight heavy metals to children was seven times higher than that to adults. The contribution rate of HQAs to HI was about 88%, and the contribution rate of CRA, to TCR was about 98%, so As was the most crucial factor influencing non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic dsk in the abandoned soils.

Assessing the invasion risk of botanical garden's exotic threatened collections to adjacent mountain forests: A case study of Cibodas Botanical Garden

A primary objective of botanical gardens is to conserve threatened plant species from different regions and countries.However,such ex-situ conservation practices for exotic plant species may pose a significant plant invasion risks.In this study,we predict the naturalization probability of exotic threatened plant species of Cibodas Botanical Garden(CBG) collections based on leaf trait(specific leaf area,SLA) or as a function of invasion risk assessment scoring system(Tropical Weed Risk Assessment Protocol,TWRAP).We found that SLA and TWRAP were positively correlated with naturalization probability.The TWRAP model produced higher predictive probabilities with larger uncertainty compared to SLA model.Parmentiera cereifera and Burretiodendron hsienmu are two species that have highest naturalization probability based on SLA model.Chamaedorea oblongata has the highest naturalization probability based on TWRAP model.From practical and management point of view,we recommend the simultaneous use of SLA-based and TWRAP-based invasive species risk assessment to estimate the naturalization risk of exotic threatened collections of botanical gardens to adjacent mountain forests.Finally,given the important conservation value of threatened exotic collection of botanical garden,we need to be aware with the invasion risks of these species.The threatened condition of a plant species is not only caused by its natural characteristics but also may be caused(in fact mostly confounding with) by external disturbance either natural catastrophic or human related activities.Thus,a threatened species may not necessarily a noninvasive species outside their natural distribution ranges.

Landslide susceptibility assessment in Western Henan Province based on a comparison of conventional and ensemble machine learning

Landslide is a serious natural disaster next only to earthquake and flood,which will cause a great threat to people’s lives and property safety.The traditional research of landslide disaster based on experience-driven or statistical model and its assessment results are subjective,difficult to quantify,and no pertinence.As a new research method for landslide susceptibility assessment,machine learning can greatly improve the landslide susceptibility model’s accuracy by constructing statistical models.Taking Western Henan for example,the study selected 16 landslide influencing factors such as topography,geological environment,hydrological conditions,and human activities,and 11 landslide factors with the most significant influence on the landslide were selected by the recursive feature elimination(RFE)method.Five machine learning methods[Support Vector Machines(SVM),Logistic Regression(LR),Random Forest(RF),Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)]were used to construct the spatial distribution model of landslide susceptibility.The models were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve and statistical index.After analysis and comparison,the XGBoost model(AUC 0.8759)performed the best and was suitable for dealing with regression problems.The model had a high adaptability to landslide data.According to the landslide susceptibility map of the five models,the overall distribution can be observed.The extremely high and high susceptibility areas are distributed in the Funiu Mountain range in the southwest,the Xiaoshan Mountain range in the west,and the Yellow River Basin in the north.These areas have large terrain fluctuations,complicated geological structural environments and frequent human engineering activities.The extremely high and highly prone areas were 12043.3 km^(2)and 3087.45 km^(2),accounting for 47.61%and 12.20%of the total area of the study area,respectively.Our study reflects the distribution of landslide susceptibility in western Henan Province,which provides a scientific basis for regional disaster warning,prediction,and resource protection.The study has important practical significance for subsequent landslide disaster management.

Carbon sequestration capability of Fagus sylvatica forests developing in the Majella National Park (Central Apennines,Italy)

Terrestrial ecosystems represent a major sink for atmospheric carbon(C) and temperate forests play an important role in global C cycling, contributing to lower atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2) concentration through photosynthesis. The Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change highlights that the forestry sector has great potential to decrease atmospheric CO2concentration compared to other sectoral mitigation activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate CO2sequestration(CO2S)capability of Fag us sylvatica(beech) growing in the Orfento Valley within Majella National Park(Abruzzo,Italy). We compared F. sylvatica areas subjected to thinning(one high-forest and one coppice) and no-management areas(two high-forests and two coppices). The results show a mean CO2S of 44.3 ± 2.6 Mg CO2ha-1a-1,corresponding to 12.1 ± 0.7 Mg C ha-1a-1the no-managed areas having a 28% higher value than the managed areas. The results highlight that thinning that allows seed regeneration can support traditional management practices such as civic use in some areas while no management should be carried out in the reserve in order to give priority to the objective of conservation and naturalistic improvement of the forest heritage.

高潜水位采煤沉陷区微塑料赋存特征及风险评估

为探明高潜水位采煤沉陷区微塑料污染赋存特征及其环境风险,选取安徽省淮南市春申湖、舜耕湿地公园两个典型采煤沉陷区为研究区域,采集了表层水体,底泥及周边农田土壤样品,采用体视显微镜、扫描电镜、红外光谱对微塑料尺寸、形状、颜色及丰度等赋存特征进行表征.结果表明:采集的样本中多为纤维微塑料和薄膜微塑料,类型主要以聚乙烯,聚丙烯为主,颜色以黄色和透明为主,粒径大多小于500μm.采煤沉陷区的地表水丰度范围为0.77~7.1pcs/L,沉积物微塑料的丰度范围为540~2800pcs/kg,周边农田土壤微塑料的丰度范围为380~2380pcs/kg.采用污染负荷指数(PLI)模型进行评估,地表水和农田土壤的风险评估都为于Ⅰ级,属于轻微污染,而沉积物中的微塑料风险评估为Ⅱ级,属于中度污染.

金融高质量发展助力强国建设背景下巨灾商业保险发展研究——基于粤港澳大湾区实践

推进保险业创新发展是深化金融供给侧结构性改革的重要部分,对加快建设中国特色现代金融体系、提高金融服务经济社会发展的质效具有重要意义。从粤港澳大湾区的实践来看,巨灾商业保险发展可以降低灾害风险对经济的影响,提升社会的整体巨灾应对能力,促进区域内跨境商业活动的顺利开展。文章解析了粤港澳大湾区巨灾商业保险的发展背景、制度设计和金融服务支持现状,深入分析了当前粤港澳大湾区巨灾商业保险发展中存在的个体覆盖问题、市场供给约束及法律保障制度缺陷,结合日、美三大著名湾区巨灾商业保险的发展经验,围绕金融高质量发展,从需求侧出发刺激巨灾保险需求、从供给侧出发释放巨灾保险活力、发挥政府职能推进高质量巨灾商业保险制度设计、探索中国特色的“多层次”巨灾商业保险制度四个方面,提出适合我国国情的巨灾商业保险发展的建议。

黄河流域农业农村氮流时空分布特征及演化规律研究

氮磷等营养元素过剩引发的面源污染问题,是黄河流域水质恶化的重要原因.为应对黄河流域氮素危机,从源头上降低面源污染负荷,本研究基于物质流和空间分析方法,刻画1949-2022年间黄河流域农业农村氮流时空格局演化规律,评估黄河流域面源污染关键氮流和高风险区.结果表明:(1)新中国成立以来,黄河流域的作物收获量整体呈现上升的趋势,2015年之后在氮输入水平持续下降的情况下,仍然能够保持年均2%的增长,黄河流域在氮素利用水平上得到了极大的提升.(2)黄河流域农业农村依然存在严重的氮流失现象,其中存贮和反硝化是氮流失的主要部分,1962年、1992年和2022年这两部分流失量分别占耕地氮输出流的51%、47%和36%.2015开始氮素流失(存储)量逐年下降,2022年比2015年减少了15.55%,但是每年仍有30.12×10^(8)kg氮素流失到大气、水体和土壤中,是当年作物收获氮量的1.64倍,氮素损失率高达62.05%.(3)降雨和地势地形是影响氮径流的决定因素,在高风险区内约有27%~45%的氮剩余流失到附近的地表水中,主要分布在甘肃省的最南部和东南角部分地区、陕西省的最南部和山东省东部地区.研究显示:黄河流域在氮素利用提升和氮污染治理方面取得一定成效,但是仍然存在严重的氮流失现象;需要持续推进化肥减量、粪便还田和农村污水治理,同时需要在高风险区采取构建缓冲带等工程措施,才能实现面源污染等氮危机的有效控制.

贵州地质高背景区稻鱼共生系统汞的风险评估

为了解高地质背景区稻鱼共生系统中汞的潜在环境和健康风险,本研究选取贵州省喀斯特地质高背景区黔东南丹寨县、麻江县和非喀斯特地区从江县、榕江县和锦屏县为研究对象,采集稻鱼共生系统中稻田土壤、稻米和稻花鱼样品,测定总汞(THg)和甲基汞(MeHg)含量。采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估土壤环境风险;通过稻米和稻花鱼MeHg含量及不同年龄段居民膳食摄入情况,评估了居民摄入稻米和稻花鱼的汞暴露风险。结果表明:喀斯特地区土壤THg和MeHg含量均高于非喀斯特地区,但其甲基化率却弱于后者;喀斯特区域分别有28%和37%的稻田土壤样品THg含量超过我国水稻生产土壤汞阈值标准(0.65 mg·kg^(-1))和农用地水田土壤污染风险管控标准(0.50 mg·kg^(-1)),而非喀斯特区域土壤均未超标。土壤生态风险评估结果显示:喀斯特地区土壤的汞污染水平和生态风险更高。喀斯特地区稻米THg和稻花鱼MeHg含量分别为(5.15±4.19)ng·g^(-1)和(32.80±23.05)ng·g^(-1),高于非喀斯特区域分别为(3.43±0.87)ng·g^(-1)和(11.77±7.08)ng·g^(-1),但稻米汞的富集系数更低,鱼米汞含量均低于我国食品安全标准限值规定的THg 0.02 mg·kg^(-1)和MeHg 0.50 mg·kg^(-1)。居民膳食风险评估表明:“稻米+稻花鱼”食用模式的居民风险值HQ较高,且随居民年龄增加而降低,女性高于男性,但总体HQ<1,对居民没有汞暴露风险。以上结果表明,地质高背景区的稻鱼共生系统整体呈现低风险水平。

中国胃癌高发现场研究进展

中国是胃癌高发国家,胃癌发病存在鲜明的地域特性,高发区大多处于经济相对欠发达的农业地区,这一独特性为胃癌研究提供了宝贵的现场条件与资源优势。自20世纪80年代以来,我国研究者基于胃癌高发现场动态观察和认识胃癌发病的自然史,探讨影响胃癌发生的相关因素,开展胃癌一级预防有效性和可行性研究,并进行大规模人群筛查项目,对阐明胃癌流行病学和病因学因素及胃癌防控策略的制定与优化提供了重要科学依据。本文针对中国胃癌高发区防治现场的研究进展作一综述,旨在全面梳理和解读我国基于高发区开展胃癌预防的历史、现状、成效与挑战,以期为提升胃癌防控能力、降低胃癌发病率和死亡率提供科学依据和实践指导。

林区规模性返贫的潜在风险与韧性治理策略

从社会经济、突发环境和主体脆弱3个层面分析林区规模性返贫所面临的潜在风险。基于规模性返贫韧性治理的内涵,从抵御与恢复力、适应与转型力、学习与再造力3个特征维度构建规模性返贫韧性治理“全资本韧性耦合—全要素韧性互动—全过程韧性循环”的机制框架。在此基础上,提出构建韧性治理共同体,提升多元主体韧性;建立长效保障机制,提升产业、人才、文化、生态和组织韧性等规模性返贫韧性治理建议。

陕西省典型矿区土壤和食用林产品中重金属污染与风险评估

为探明陕西省典型矿区土壤和食用林产品中重金属污染特征与风险情况,通过对渭南华州、商洛柞水县、宝鸡凤县金属矿区土壤和食用林产品进行样品采集并分析测定其As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu含量,采用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法、土壤和农产品综合质量指数法对土壤和食用林产品重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明,研究区内土壤均出现不同程度的As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu含量积累;受检食用林产品均出现不同程度的Cr、Cu积累,华州区油松籽2个样品出现Pb含量超标;单因子污染指数表明Cd为凤县研究区土壤的主要污染物,Cr、Cu为柞水县研究区土壤的主要污染物;内梅罗综合污染指数表明凤县和柞水县研究区域土壤为轻度污染状态(质量等级Ⅲ),华州区研究区域土壤为尚清洁状态(质量等级Ⅱ);综合质量影响指数表明,凤县土壤呈现轻微污染(sub-Ⅱ),华州区呈现轻度污染(sub-Ⅲ),柞水县呈现重度污染(sub-Ⅴ)。凤县、华州区和柞水县研究区土壤均出现重金属污染问题,部分食用林产品存在重金属Cr、Cu积累以及Pb超标风险,应及时采取治理修复措施,以缓减土壤和食用林产品的重金属污染问题。

中国鼻咽癌高发现场研究

鼻咽癌高发于我国华南地区,特别是广东省和广西壮族自治区,严重威胁当地居民健康。60年来,通过高发现场研究明确了鼻咽癌的主要病因。EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)感染、食用咸鱼、吸烟、口腔特定菌群构成,以及HLA基因为主的遗传易感变异均与鼻咽癌发生密切相关。目前高发区鼻咽癌的预防主要依靠EBV双抗体(VCA-IgA和EBNA1-IgA)检测进行人群筛查,针对适龄社区人群开展筛查可有效提高人群早诊率,降低死亡率。近年来开发的EBV新指标和基于遗传易感变异检测的个体化风险预测为建立更高效的鼻咽癌筛查策略提供了依据。本文旨在概述我国鼻咽癌高发现场的发展历程及其研究成果,总结研究进展和分析存在的问题,并对未来研究方向进行展望。

中国结直肠癌高发现场的研究与实践

结直肠癌是严重危害人们健康的疾病之一,其发病率和死亡率在恶性肿瘤中位居前列。20世纪70年代,我国浙江省嘉善县被确认为结直肠癌死亡率最高的县级单位。本文系统回顾了自20世纪70年代至2024年以嘉善县为代表的结直肠癌高发现场的工作。

不同海拔区域高原肺水肿发病情况及危险因素分析

目的分析急进高原后发生高原肺水肿(HAPE)与不同海拔区域的相关性,探讨在不同海拔区域下HAPE的发病情况及危险因素。方法回顾分析于本院就诊的急性高原病患者(包括高原肺水肿)87例,将急进高原后发生HAPE患者根据不同海拔区域发病分为两组(A组:2500~3500米,B组:3501~4500米),其中A组49例,B组38例。应用t检验和χ^(2)检验分析在不同高海拔区域发生HAPE患者的发病情况(血氧饱和度、呼吸、心率、体温、白细胞数、影像学改变,肺部体征以及下降到同海拔区域后的转归),二元Logistic回归分析发生HAPE的相关危险因素。结果87例纳入对象中,B组出现HAPE人员占92.1%,A组出现HAPE人员占26.5%。B组患者入院时血氧饱和度较A组患者有显著降低,白细胞总数、心率、呼吸较A组患者显著增高,B组患者肺部阳性体征(湿罗音)、影像学阳性(双肺斑片状阴影)发生率亦高于A组(P<0.05),B组患者体温较A组患者体温升高,但两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示海拔高度、性别、基础疾病、久居地均为HAPE发生的独立危险因素,其中有基础疾病者OR值最高(OR=17.667)。结论在不同海拔区域下HAPE的发病情况存在显著差异,海拔高度、性别、久居地、基础疾病等因素对HAPE有显著影响,尤其是有基础疾病者风险更高,上述研究将为降低进入高原官兵、游客及务工人员在高海拔区域发生HAPE提供理论依据。

基于SAFETI软件的煤层气管道高后果区风险定量分析研究

以某煤层气管道高后果区为例,采用SAFETI软件计算该区域内的个人风险和社会风险。结果表明,有2处单位的个人风险超过可接受水平,企业应采取必要的风险减缓措施;社会风险F-N曲线全部处于“尽可能降低区”,可结合实际情况采取适当措施降低风险。本文在定量计算时考虑极端工况,计算结果相对保守,若有更加详细的资料可以开展多种场景的模拟计算,计算结果将更加具体和准确。

炼油装置检修工程高危区域首次动火作业工艺

某炼油厂大检修需在油品车间装卸车单元增加7台切断阀,动火位置特殊,动火作业处管道取样困难,并且为首次动火,工期也很紧张。鉴于此,制定了首次动火施工工艺和钻孔取样方案。详细介绍了施工前的准备工作、具体安全防护措施、钻孔取样分析工艺及作业程序。按制定的工艺实施首次动火作业,安全、高效地完成了7台切断阀的安装,解决了检修工程中高危区域内首次动火作业的难题,并且作业过程中质量、安全等得到有效控制。

面向高危场景的医疗救援型防暴车艺工融合设计研究

为辅助医疗救援型防暴车设计,提高车辆美观度和实用性,文中进行了面向高危场景的医疗救援型防暴车艺工融合设计研究。梳理防暴车辆设计研究现状;分析高危场景下的医疗救援任务和医疗救援型防暴车辆用户需求;从造型与情感化设计(艺)、功能与交互设计(工)两个角度探讨面向高危场景的医疗救援型防暴车设计策略。得出了医疗救援型防暴车艺工融合设计策略,以某型号医疗救援型防暴车的内外饰设计为例对研究得出的设计策略进行了验证。证明了该设计策略具有一定的可行性和实用性,能够为医疗救援型防暴车辆创新设计提供有效指导。