Study on the technologies development trend of high speed EMUs

High speed railway technologies are rapidly development in the world.The total distance of the high speed railway is more than 40,000 kilometers in China,and many types of high speed Electrical Multi-Units(EMUs)are operated.The top operation velocity of the train reaches 350 km/h.New science and technologies are developing rapidly.New generation technologies such as the information technology,intelligent manufacturing,new material and processing,innovating design philosophy have revolutionary influence on the high speed train.It promotes the high speed train performance such as intelligence,reliable operation and environment-friendly.Based on many years investigation of the trend of the technology development and requirement of general public,the trend of technology development in five aspects are presented in this paper.The five aspects include economic applicability,high speed and high efficiency,green and low carbon,intelligent safety,comfortable and high quality.

Progress in high-speed train technology around the world

This is a review of high-speed train development in the sense of technology advances all over the world. Three generations of high-speed trains are classified according to their technical characteristics and maximum operating speed. Emphasis is given to the newly developed high-speed train in China, CRH380. The theoretical foundations and future development of CRH380 are briefly discussed.

Development and Prospectives of Ultra-High-Speed Grinding Technology

Ultra-high-speed grinding(UHSG)is a significant and powerful machining method in view of the enhanced productivity and precision demands.Previous researches regarding formation mechanisms and crucial technologies are comprehensively and thoroughly summarized to highlight state-of-art technology of UHSG.On the basis of the interdependence between process and machine innovations,theoretically,grinding mechanisms in strain hardening,strain rate strengthening,thermal softening,size effect and process characteristics need more in-depth studies to clarify the dominance of UHSG.Technically,CFRP wheel integrating with the brazed bonding has a prominent advantage in bonding strength and grit′s configuration over vitrified bonding,which would be superior in UHSG.Furthermore,external high pressure cooling combining with inner jet cooling methods,accompanied by scraper plates to alleviate the effect of air boundary,are crucial and practical measures for realizing effective cooling in UHSG.Grinding processes,especially those being related to grinding parameters and precise in-process measuring approaches,are also prerequisite for fitting and investigation of UHSG.

New technologies for high-risk tunnel construction in GuiyangGuangzhou high-speed railway

Based on the construction of high risk tunnels in Guiguang-Guangzhou high-speed railway, several new technologies were developed for high-risk tunnel con- struction. First, an integrated advanced geological predic- tion was developed for tunneling in karst area. Then, a new system of ventilation by involving the dedusting technol- ogy was proposed and used in the field, which received a good air quality. Finally, a method to minimize the dis- tance between the working face and the invert installation was proposed by optimizing the invert installation and adopting the micro bench method. Applying the method to the project obtained an excellent result. The achievement obtained for this study would be able to provide a valuable reference to similar projects in the future.

Key Technologies for High Speed WLAN

The rapid development of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) has not yet broken the bottleneck that the low transmission speed hinders the further development of WLAN. Now, some key technologies for next generation mobile communications can solve the problem by supporting high-speed transmission and ensuring reliable performance. IEEE 802.11n has made general amendment to 802.11. Based on IEEE 802.11n, the transmission speed can be doubled by the application of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technologies on the physical layer. In addition, the enhanced Medium Access Control (MAC) system performance, optimized data frame and improved network throughput can all be achieved by the adoption of frame convergence, Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) and block-acknowledge technologies on the MAC layer. A new error correction method, called Low Density Parity Check Code (LDPC), can also be adopted for the receiver to enjoy low Bit Error Ratio (BER) with low S/N, thus improving signal coverage.

Investigation into the Independent Metering Control Performance of a Twin Spools Valve with Switching Technology-controlled Pilot Stage

In hydraulic area,independent metering control(IMC)technology is an effective approach to improve system efficiency and control flexibility.In addition,digital hydraulic technology(DHT)has been verified as a reasonable method to optimize system dynamic performance.Integrating these two technologies into one component can combine their advantages together.However,few works focused on it.In this paper,a twin spools valve with switching technologycontrolled pilot stage(TSVSP)is presented,which applied DHT into its pilot stage while appending IMC into its main stage.Based on this prototype valve,a series of numerical and experiment analysis of its IMC performance with both simulated load and excavator boom cylinder are carried out.Results showed fast and robust performance of pressure and flow compound control with acceptable fluctuation phenomenon caused by switching technology.Rising time of flow response in excavator cylinder can be controlled within 200 ms,meanwhile,the recovery time of rod chamber pressure under suddenly changed condition is optimized within 250 ms.IMC system based on TSVSP can improve both dynamic performance and robust characteristics of the target actuator so it is practical in valve-cylinder system and can be applied in mobile machineries.

Analysis of torque transmitting behavior and wheel slip prevention control during regenerative braking for high speed EMU trains

The wheel-rail adhesion control for regenerative braking systems of high speed electric multiple unit trains is crucial to maintaining the stability,improving the adhesion utilization,and achieving deep energy recovery.There remain technical challenges mainly because of the nonlinear,uncertain,and varying features of wheel-rail contact conditions.This research analyzes the torque transmitting behavior during regenerative braking,and proposes a novel methodology to detect the wheel-rail adhesion stability.Then,applications to the wheel slip prevention during braking are investigated,and the optimal slip ratio control scheme is proposed,which is based on a novel optimal reference generation of the slip ratio and a robust sliding mode control.The proposed methodology achieves the optimal braking performancewithoutthewheel-railcontactinformation.Numerical simulation results for uncertain slippery rails verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

5G高铁专网覆盖综合解决方案研究和应用

5G高铁覆盖面临着资源占时短、瞬时容量高、车体损耗大、移动速度快、基站交替快和远近兼顾难等多重挑战。本文针对5G高铁专网的覆盖方案、容量方案、公专网频率协同方案、主设备与天线选型方案、优化创新方案五大关键点开展了对比论证和深入研究,并应用于某高铁规划建设优化实践中,提升了高铁客户的感知,满足了“5G高铁上车”过渡期的高铁场景5G覆盖需求,为后续高铁覆盖项目的应用推广提供了重要的参考。

直流快速开断技术研究进展和展望

由于直流电流无自然过零点且短路电流上升率高,直流电流快速开断与系统故障切除成为制约直流电力系统发展的一大瓶颈。该综述首先介绍了直流快速开断技术要求与难点。其次,详细分析了直流快速开断过程涉及的关键技术,包括电流转移技术、固态式直流开断技术、介质恢复技术和高速机械开关技术等,综述了各种技术的当前发展现状及其应用情况,对比了不同技术方案的特点及适应性。最后,对直流快速开断技术未来发展方向进行了讨论和总结,为小型化、高性能、低成本、高可靠快速直流断路器的研发及推广应用提供了新的技术思路。

基于FPGA的多通道高速串行数据采集系统设计

针对卫星导航信号抗干扰领域中进行高精度高速多通道数据采集的需要,系统采用ADI公司的16位高速串行AD转换芯片AD9653,完成模数转换,其转换精度可达16比特,转换速率最高为125MSPS。分析AD9653的高速串行数据接口特点,采用Xilinx公司的Kintex-7系列FPGA提供的片同步技术,进行位时钟自适应相位校准和数据帧调整研究,保证了高速串行数据传输的稳定性与正确性。采用内部FIFO数据缓存的方式实现多通道数据的片内同步以保证后续抗干扰算法的正确处理。研究结果表明,使用该方法进行高速串行数据采集时系统稳定可靠、正确无误。为多通道高速串行数据采集提供了一种切实可行的解决方案,对类似需求的数据采集系统具有一定的参考价值。

基于PHM技术的动车组牵引设备健康管理系统分析

阐述基于PHM技术的动车组牵引设备健康管理系统的设计和应用,通过对系统的需求、功能架构设计以及关键技术的分析,为动车组牵引设备的健康管理提供一个全面、实用的框架。

成渝中线高速铁路时速400 km关键技术创新研究

成渝中线高速铁路建成后将成为我国建设标准最高、运行速度最快的高速铁路。为贯彻国家创新驱动发展战略,结合中国国家铁路集团有限公司CR450科技创新工程,依托成渝中线高速铁路的建设,开展我国时速400 km高速铁路关键技术的创新研究和更高速度标准的综合试验验证,系统优化完善我国既有时速250~350 km高速铁路基础理论及规范标准,全面构建时速400 km全生命周期技术标准体系。研究成果不仅可助推我国高速铁路装备升级和高速铁路成套建造技术创新发展,还能指导我国的既有高速铁路网进一步提速,促进区域社会经济高质量发展。

多GPU系统的高速互联技术与拓扑发展现状研究

多GPU系统通过横向扩展实现性能提升,以满足人工智能日趋复杂的算法和持续激增的数据所带来的不断增长的计算需求。对于多GPU系统而言,处理器间的互联带宽以及系统的拓扑是决定系统性能的关键因素。在传统的基于PCIe的多GPU系统中,PCIe带宽是限制系统性能的瓶颈。当前,面向GPU的高速互联技术成为解决多GPU系统带宽限制问题的有效方法。本文首先介绍了传统多GPU系统所采用的PCIe互联技术及其典型拓扑,然后以Nvidia NVLink、AMD Infinity Fabric Link、Intel X^(e) Link、壁仞科技BLink为例,对国内外代表性GPU厂商的面向GPU的高速互联技术及其拓扑进行了梳理分析,最后讨论了关于互联技术的研究启示。

RIA下PCMI行为的堆外验证试验研究

目前国内的反应性引入事故(RIA)研究中尚未开展芯块包壳机械相互作用(PCMI)失效模式的相关试验研究。为探究有效的试验方法并获取相关试验数据以分析包壳失效的作用机理,本文基于自主设计的堆外模拟PCMI试验的压缩膨胀(EDC)试验装置,采用高速摄像技术辅助,获取了双轴加载燃料元件包壳失效过程中的载荷、应变、破口情况等数据。研究结果表明,试验得出的包壳管残余应变比位于-0.1~0.5之间,符合堆内残余应变比范围。研究结果可为将来开展堆内试验储备技术和积累经验,为安全准则的建立及补充提供可参考的基础数据。

2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的弹丸冲击损伤及冲击后拉伸性能

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料以其良好的高温性能而被广泛应用在航空发动机等高温部件处,但服役过程中容易受到异物碎片冲击,这受到了广泛关注。研究采用轻气炮对化学气相渗透(CVI)技术制备的2D-SiC/SiC试样进行弹丸冲击,利用高速摄像机记录冲击过程,使用光学显微镜和CT观察异物损伤(FOD)的表面和内部结构,探讨了2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的高速冲击损伤特性。结果表明,2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的高速冲击损伤形式包括锥形裂纹、层间分层、纤维断裂以及基体压溃等。通过表征损伤发现,试件背部损伤和边缘处分层损伤由反射拉伸波造成,随着冲击速度提升,弹丸与拉伸波共同作用会造成试件穿透,试件边缘分层损伤减弱。对高速冲击后的试件进行准静态拉伸试验,明确了剩余力学性能与冲击速度、弹丸直径的关系,表明剩余拉伸强度是表征冲击损伤程度的有效参数。同时,采用数字图像相关(DIC)方法获得拉伸过程中的应变分布,并结合不同弹丸直径、冲击速度冲击后的剩余拉伸强度,进一步对比探究不同变量对冲击损伤的影响。研究结果表明弹丸直径是高速冲击损伤程度的主要影响因素。

基于数据驱动的高速铁路动车组列车头尾车车轮踏面缺陷预测方法

[目的]踏面缺陷是高速铁路动车组列车车轮失效的主要表现形式之一,严重影响了动车组运行的安全性及乘客的乘坐舒适性。车轮踏面缺陷主要集中在头尾车,可能是多种因素共同作用的结果,需要寻找一种能综合多种影响因素的预测方法。[方法]基于某铁路局动车组列车的车轮镟修数据,每个数据样本包括10个特征(4个名义特征和6个连续特征),对数据进行预处理。通过合成少数类样本过采样技术对不平衡数据集进行处理,构建了标准化数据集。建立了DNN(深度神经网络)模型,对底层特征进行组合,形成了特征的高层抽象表示。通过网络结构调整和超参数优化得到了模型的最优学习效果。对模型进行训练并测试,验证了该模型的预测效果。[结果及结论]基于数据驱动的头尾车车轮踏面缺陷预测方法具有较高的预测精度和较优的综合性能,其预测精确率达92.5%,可有效预测头尾车车轮踏面损伤的发生概率。

科技管理视角下5G技术创新与应用

5G技术的出现以及快速发展,不仅有效改变我们的生活方式,还对各行各业转型发展产生巨大影响。作为一种新兴技术,5G技术虽然在国家科技发展战略中占据重要位置,但是依旧处于探索阶段,在各行各业中的实际应用中还存在一定的薄弱环节。物流行业与人们日常生活及社会发展等都具有密切联系,为实现物流行业的转型升级,应注重5G技术的创新应用。该文以科技管理视角下5G技术创新与应用为研究对象,从物流行业入手,在分析物流行业发展现状的基础上,探讨5G技术在物流行业的应用优势。最后,提出科技管理视角下物流行业对5G技术创新与应用策略,期望可以为相关工作的优化提供理论参考和更多思路。

云桂铁路总体设计及技术创新

云桂铁路为中国“八纵八横”高速铁路主通道之一“广昆通道”的组成部分,路网地位突出。根据该项目的功能定位及项目特点,结合地形地质条件、城市规划、环境敏感点、工程安全以及投资合理性等方面,分析确定合理的枢纽引入、线路走向以及重点桥梁、隧道工程方案。项目设计过程中以“系统最优、风险可控”为核心思想,开展了科技攻关和工程实践工作,取得了系列技术创新成果,具有针对性、实用性和理论性,对复杂艰险山区高速铁路建设具有重要指导意义。

基于高速摄像技术的流体作用力试验

针对颗粒在动水中的流体作用力问题,采用高速摄像技术对颗粒的运动过程进行观测,通过求解圆球及天然泥沙跃移运动过程中的力学方程,得到拖曳力系数及上举力系数。试验结果表明:①动水中颗粒非匀速运动时的拖曳力系数、静水中颗粒非匀速运动时的拖曳力系数与匀速运动时的拖曳力系数均随着雷诺数的增加而减小,颗粒与水流之间的相对运动速度越接近于颗粒沉速,三者间的差异越小;当颗粒与水流之间的相对运动速度等于颗粒沉速时,三者近似相等。②形状对上举力系数的影响较对拖曳力系数的影响更明显,天然泥沙的拖曳力系数大于圆球的拖曳力系数,天然泥沙的上举力系数小于圆球的上举力系数。最后,构建了圆球及天然泥沙的拖曳力系数及上举力系数公式,公式计算值与实测值符合较好。

高铁大断面隧道衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术

隧道智能建造技术作为中国“智能铁路”重要组成部分,引领了隧道修建技术的发展方向。为提高隧道施工智能化水平,保证衬砌及断面整体施工质量和使用寿命,以京张高铁八达岭隧道为背景,提出了一系列复杂大断面隧道衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术。二衬结构混凝土智能振捣和浇筑技术可实现混凝土的自动化施工,减少现场作业人员50%,降低现场数据记录耗时90%;自主设计了一套以智能温湿控制系统为核心的衬砌智能养护台车,智能控制和调节养护区域内温度和湿度,显著降低人工投入和减少人为质量缺陷,提高施工效率;提出二衬防脱空自动报警、防顶裂技术,有效防止衬砌空洞和开裂的发生,使空洞发生概率由16%降为6%,二衬开裂概率由22%降为8%;衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术在新八达岭隧道的成功应用,提高了隧道衬砌的施工质量水平和综合管理能力。