Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most common welding method in automotive engineering due to its low cost and high ability of automation. However, physical weldability testing is costly, time consuming and depende...Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most common welding method in automotive engineering due to its low cost and high ability of automation. However, physical weldability testing is costly, time consuming and dependent of supplies of material and equipment. Finite Element (FE) simulations have been utilized to understand, verify and optimize manufacturing processes more efficiently. The present work aims to verify the capability of FE models for the RSW process by comparing simulation results to physical experiments for materials used in automotive production, with yield strengths from approximately 280 MPa to more than 1500 MPa. Previous research has mainly focused on lower strength materials. The physical weld results were assessed using destructive testing and an analysis of expulsion limits was also carried out. Extensive new determination of material data was carried out. The material data analysis was based on physical testing of material specimens, material simulation and comparison to data from literature. The study showed good agreement between simulations and physical testing. The mean absolute error of weld nugget size was 0.68 mm and the mean absolute error of expulsion limit was 1.10 kA.展开更多
超低碳贝氏体 (U L CB)钢采用极低的碳含量 ,充分利用 Mn、 Mo、Nb、Ni、Ti、B等元素的合金化作用 ,通过 U L CB组织获得了高的强韧性及优良的低温韧性 ;由于 U L CB钢碳含量极低 ,焊接性优良 ,焊接热影响区 (HAZ)韧性明显改善 ,裂纹敏...超低碳贝氏体 (U L CB)钢采用极低的碳含量 ,充分利用 Mn、 Mo、Nb、Ni、Ti、B等元素的合金化作用 ,通过 U L CB组织获得了高的强韧性及优良的低温韧性 ;由于 U L CB钢碳含量极低 ,焊接性优良 ,焊接热影响区 (HAZ)韧性明显改善 ,裂纹敏感性显著降低。UL CB钢焊接时 ,焊缝金属是焊接接头的薄弱环节 ,研制开发超低碳贝氏体焊接材料是实现 UL CB钢焊接的关键环节。展开更多
文摘Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most common welding method in automotive engineering due to its low cost and high ability of automation. However, physical weldability testing is costly, time consuming and dependent of supplies of material and equipment. Finite Element (FE) simulations have been utilized to understand, verify and optimize manufacturing processes more efficiently. The present work aims to verify the capability of FE models for the RSW process by comparing simulation results to physical experiments for materials used in automotive production, with yield strengths from approximately 280 MPa to more than 1500 MPa. Previous research has mainly focused on lower strength materials. The physical weld results were assessed using destructive testing and an analysis of expulsion limits was also carried out. Extensive new determination of material data was carried out. The material data analysis was based on physical testing of material specimens, material simulation and comparison to data from literature. The study showed good agreement between simulations and physical testing. The mean absolute error of weld nugget size was 0.68 mm and the mean absolute error of expulsion limit was 1.10 kA.
文摘超低碳贝氏体 (U L CB)钢采用极低的碳含量 ,充分利用 Mn、 Mo、Nb、Ni、Ti、B等元素的合金化作用 ,通过 U L CB组织获得了高的强韧性及优良的低温韧性 ;由于 U L CB钢碳含量极低 ,焊接性优良 ,焊接热影响区 (HAZ)韧性明显改善 ,裂纹敏感性显著降低。UL CB钢焊接时 ,焊缝金属是焊接接头的薄弱环节 ,研制开发超低碳贝氏体焊接材料是实现 UL CB钢焊接的关键环节。
