Current Sharing Technology in Transmission Conductors of Cold Dielectric High Temperature Superconducting Cables Using Second-generation HTS Wires

冷绝缘高温超导电缆的导电层一般设计为多层结构以满足大电流载流特性，但伴随层数的增加，超导体上的集肤效应会引起电缆输电导体各层电流分布不均匀的问题，从而造成电缆损耗增加和传输性能下降。采用基于动态惯性权重因子的粒子群优化算法，提出了电缆导体层电流层间均流优化的设计方法。应用第2代高温超导材料钇钡铜氧涂层导体，通过建立超导电缆的等效电路模型，考虑电场、磁场等约束因素，对一根1km长，110kV／3kA等级的冷绝缘高温超导电缆进行优化设计，获得了电缆本体结构参数及输电导体层和屏蔽层的电流分布。比较优化前后层电流的结果可知，优化后超导电缆各导体层电流与平均电流相比最大不平衡率小于3．5％，各屏蔽层电流达到均布，较好地实现了电缆各导体层电流均匀分布的优化目标。最后，超导模型样缆载流特性实验也验证了优化设计方法的有效性。

High Jc Epitaxial Superconducting YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x) Thin Films

Excellent epitaxial growth of supercon-ducting YBaCuOthin films have beenrealized on(100)SrTiOand(100)ZrOsubstrates by a planar rf or DC-magnetronsputtering apparatus with UHV system.Thequality of growth and the epitaxial orientationof the film strongly depended on substratetemperature,the substrate orientation and ox-ygen partial pressure.The films exhibitedsuperconducting onset at 92K and zero resist-ance at 90K with critical current density of

Transient multi-physics behavior of an insert high temperature superconducting no-insulation coil in hybrid superconducting magnets with inductive coupling

A transient multi-physics model incorporated with an electromagneto-thermomechanical coupling is developed to capture the multi-field behavior of a single-pancake(SP)insert no-insulation(NI)coil in a hybrid magnet during the charging and discharging processes.The coupled problem is resolved by means of the finite element method(FEM)for the magneto-thermo-elastic behaviors and the Runge-Kutta method for the transient responses of the electrical circuits of the hybrid superconducting magnet system.The results reveal that the transient multi-physics responses of the insert NI coil primarily depend on the charging/discharging procedure of the hybrid magnet.Moreover,a reverse azimuthal current and a compressive hoop stress are induced in the insert NI coil during the charging process,while a forward azimuthal current and a tensile hoop stress are observed during the discharging process.The induced voltages in the insert NI coil can drive the currents flowing across the radial turns where the contact resistance exists.Therefore,it brings forth significant Joule heat,causing a temperature rise and a uniform distribution of this heat in the coil turns.Accordingly,a thermally/mechanically unstable or quenching event may be encountered when a high operating current is flowing in the insert NI coil.It is numerically predicted that a quick charging will induce a compressive hoop stress which may bring a risk of buckling instability in the coil,while a discharging will not.The simulations provide an insight of hybrid superconducting magnets under transient start-up or shutdown phases which are inevitably encountered in practical applications.

Induced current of high temperature superconducting loops by combination of exciting coil and thermal switch

With its commercialization, the second-generation(2G) high temperature superconducting(HTS) RE–Ba–Cu–O(REBCO, RE is rare earth) tape is extensively applied to the superconducting magnets in the high magnetic fields. However,unlike low temperature superconducting(LTS) magnets, the HTS magnet cannot operate in the persistent current mode(PCM) due to the immature superconducting soldering technique. In this paper, an exciting method for two HTS sub-loops,so-called charging and load loops, is proposed by flux pump consisting of exciting coil and controllable thermal switch.Two HTS sub-loops are made of an REBCO tape with two slits. An exciting coil with iron core is located in one sub-loop and is supplied with a triangular waveform current so that magnetic field is generated in another sub-loop. The influence of magnetic flux on induced current in load loop is presented and verified in experiment at 77 K. The relationship between the induced magnetic flux density and the current on the sub-loops having been calibrated, magnetic flux density, and induced current are obtained. The results show that the HTS sub-loops can be excited by a coil with thermal switch and the induced current increases with magnetic flux of exciting coil increasing, which is promising for persistent current operation mode of HTS magnets.

High Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage and Its Power Control Technology

High temperature superconducting （HTS） power inductor and its control technology have been studied and analyzed in the paper. Based on the results of simulations and practical experiments, a controlled release scheme has been proposed and verified for developing a practical HTS SMES prototype.

Numerical simulation of the mechanical behavior of superconducting tape in conductor on round core cable using the cohesive zone model

Cables composed of rare-earth barium copper oxide(REBCO)tapes have been extensively used in various superconducting devices.In recent years,conductor on round core(CORC)cable has drawn the attention of researchers with its outstanding current-carrying capacity and mechanical properties.The REBCO tapes are wound spirally on the surface of CORC cable.Under extreme loadings,the REBCO tapes with layered composite structures are vulnerable,which can lead to degradation of critical current and even quenching of superconducting devices.In this paper,we simulate the deformation of CORC cable under external loads,and analyze the damage inside the tape with the cohesive zone model(CZM).Firstly,the fabrication and cabling of CORC are simulated,and the stresses and strains generated in the tape are extracted as the initial condition of the next step.Then,the tension and bending loads are applied to CORC cable,and the damage distribution inside the tape is presented.In addition,the effects of some parameters on the damage are discussed during the bending simulations.

A Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Drive for HTS Maglev Transportation Systems

A permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM） for a high temperature superconducting （HTS） maglev system has been studied, including the motor structure, control strategy, and analysis techniques. Finite element analysis （FEA） of magnetic field is conducted to accurately calculate major motor parameters. Equivalent electrical circuit is used to predict the drive＇s steady-state characteristics, and a phase variable model is applied to predict the dynamic performance. Preliminary experiment with a prototype has been made to verify the theoretical analysis and the HTS-PM synchronous driving technology.

Structural Parameter Optimization of Multilayer Conductors in HTS Cable

In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm optimization （PSO）, the genetic algorithm （GA）, and a robust optimization method based on design for six sigma （DFSS）, have been applied to realize uniform current distribution among the multilayer HTS conductors. The continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius, and winding direction of each layer, are chosen as the design parameters. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current, PSO is proven to be a more powerful tool than GA for structural parameter optimization, and DFSS can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality.

Compact ultra-narrowband superconducting filter using N-spiral resonator with open-loop secondary coupling structure

A novel N-spiral resonator with open-loop secondary coupling structure(OLSCS) is proposed to realize a compact ultra-narrowband high temperature superconducting(HTS) filter. The coupling strength and polarity between the resonators can be significantly reduced and changed by introducing OLSCS, thus the required weak coupling can be achieved in a very compact size. A six-pole superconducting filter at 1701 MHz with a fractional bandwidth of 0.19% is designed to validate this method. The filter is fabricated on Mg O substrate with a compact size of 15 mm × 10 mm. The measured insertion loss is 0.79 d B, and the return loss is better than 17.4 d B. The experimental results show a good agreement with the simulations.

Guest Editorial Special Issue on High T_c Superconductivity

Before 1986, people were hesitant to believe that superconductors could operate at such high temperatures, well above the readily liquid nitrogen regime. It was a dream! Shortly after the discovery of

Announcing a Special Issue of the Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China on High Temperature Superconductivity

Submission Deadline: 15 February 2008 Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China (JESTC) invites manuscript

Announcing a Special Issue of the Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China on High Temperature Superconductivity

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China (JESTC) invites manuscript submissions in the area of High Temperature Superconductivity (HTS). This special issue of

Announcing a Special Issue of the Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China on High Temperature Superconductivity

Submission Deadline: 15 February 2008 Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China (JESTC) invites manuscript submissions in the area of High Temperature Superconductivity (HTS). This special issue of JESTC will focus on recent experiment, theoretical, and application progress in HTS. It is intended to highlight and summarize the major developments that have occurred over the past few years. Topic scopes related to HTS to be covered include:

高温超导磁浮车水平曲线通过适应性研究

针对高温超导磁浮车刚性悬浮架曲线通过性差,文章提出了一种具有一定点头和摇头自由度的半解耦悬浮架结构,将高温超导的悬浮力和导向力简化为线性特性,建立了高温超导磁悬浮车辆的动力学理论模型,通过UM软件,在周期性激励的作用下,对理论模型进行了动力力学响应的仿真验证,证明了动力学理论模型的合理性。文章进一步利用UM软件分析了高温超导磁浮车的水平曲线通过性能,对比了悬浮架不同垂向扭转刚度、横向扭转刚度、空气弹簧垂向刚度对杜瓦的横向位移、垂向位移的影响。仿真结果表明,释放一定点头自由度和摇头自由度的半解耦悬浮架,能够更好地适应曲线轨道的线路弯曲和线路扭曲,减少了构架对悬浮系统的不利影响,充分发挥了高温超导钉扎效应的特性,提高了车辆的曲线通过性能,同时合理的空气弹簧刚度能够很好地抑制杜瓦的振动,使车辆运行平稳。最后提出了满足车辆安全运行的悬浮架方案,高温超导磁悬浮车辆曲线通过性能有明显的提升。

接头电阻对CORC电缆交流损耗的影响分析

采用第二代高温超导(HTS)带材绕制的CORC电缆具有载流能力高、力学性能好等优点,是制造核聚变磁体的理想电缆之一。然而,当由CORC电缆制造的核聚变磁体闭环运行时,现有的工艺很难保证每根CORC电缆的超导带材的接头电阻完全相同,这会对CORC电缆的交流损耗等电气特性产生重要影响。因此,该文搭建了含接头电阻的CORC电缆的三维有限元模型,分析了接头电阻对CORC电缆交流损耗的影响。结果表明,当CORC电缆传输交流电流时,不均匀的接头电阻将导致CORC电缆三根超导带的电流分布不均匀,进而增加了电缆的总体交流损耗。此外,得到了CORC电缆的交流损耗总是随着接头电阻不均匀程度的增加而增大的分析结果。

基于YBCO高温超导线圈的新型无线供电悬浮系统电能传输特性研究

近年来,以氧化钇钡铜(YBCO)为代表的第二代高温超涂层导体以其在20~77K温区下极高的载流能力以及优越的力学性能和电磁性能,被广泛应用于电力、医疗、交通、军事、能源等领域。该文设计并构造了一种基于YBCO高温超导线圈的小型充电悬浮系统,该系统可以同时实现无线充电和自稳定悬浮功能,可应用于为小型物体无线供电悬浮展示。通过理论推导和有限元仿真分析发现,将低电阻、高载流密度的高温超导线圈引入无线充电系统中,可使系统的输出功率和输出效率都有显著的提高,最大分别提高了3倍和2.6倍,在低频段提升效果尤为明显。此外,实验表明该系统在10 mm悬浮高度范围内可以保持稳定悬浮和负载电压的高效输出,解决了现有电磁悬浮和电动悬浮技术中需要设计特定磁路结构和安装内置电池或电源而导致装置复杂及持续供电时间较短等问题,为超导无线电能传输技术的应用开辟了新方向。

电晕老化对纳米复合PI薄膜介电性能的影响

高温超导非晶合金变压器作为低温运行设备具有节能降耗的功能。选择耐低温的聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜为高温超导非晶合金变压器主绝缘材料,改进PI薄膜的制备工艺,搭建电晕老化系统,对PI薄膜进行电晕老化预处理。对经电晕老化预处理后的薄膜的介电特性进行研究,发现液氮环境中电晕老化薄膜的介质损耗角正切值要低于常温环境,在质量分数小于或等于5%时纳米粒子填充PI薄膜的介质损耗角正切值小于处理前薄膜的质损耗角正切值。

高温超导薄膜与超导机理研究

高温超导体的晶格结构通常呈现出层状特征,因此具有低维属性的外延薄膜与异质结构成为了探索高温超导机理的关键材料平台。近年来,原子级精准的外延生长技术更促进了新型超导体的发现。文章将按照超导体系维度下降的脉络,简要介绍高温超导薄膜和异质结构研究对深入理解超导机理的独特贡献。

PREPARATION OF HIGH-T Y-Ba-Cu-O SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS BY REACTIVE ION BEAM COATING

I. INTRODUCTION Since the discovery of superconductivity above 40 K in the La-Ba-Cu-O system andabove 90 K in Y-Ba-Cu-O oxides, tremendous effort has been made to study the properties of high-T_c superconducting thin films. For the preparation of superconducting films two main techniques, the e-beam evaporation and sputtering, have been used. The processes

高温超导飞轮储能系统的发展现状

当高温超导体处于超导态,永磁体的部分磁力线进入到超导体内,由于磁通钉扎的作用,永磁体无需控制而稳定悬浮,这种悬浮特性称为无源自稳定性。高温超导飞轮储能系统安装了无源自稳定悬浮的超导轴承,具有稳定度高、大容量、高效率以及无污染等优势,在风电和太阳能发电、电力系统调峰和电动汽车等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文概述了高温超导飞轮储能系统的基本工作原理和主要结构,详细论述了高温超导飞轮储能系统的国内外发展现状,探讨了高温超导飞轮储能系统的关键技术、当前的研究热点和特殊应用。