Flexural behavior of composite beams after the ultimate limit state externally strengthened with CFRP sheets bonded with high-temperature resistant matrix

In this paper the alkali-activated slag cementitious materials(AASCM)which strength at 600 ℃ is larger than that of AASCM at room temperature,were prepared to paste CFRP sheets to strengthen four simply supported unbonded prestressed composite beams encased circular steel tube truss after ultimate limit state.Test on flexural behavior of these four beams was performed.Moreover,normal section load-bearing capacity of these beams and the curve load-deflection at mid-span were obtained.Experimental results show that it is feasible to strengthen concrete members with CFRP sheets bonded with AASCM.Based on the experimental results and theoretical study,computational method of stiffness is proposed for calculating bending rigidity and normal section load-bearing capacity of concrete simply supported beams strengthened with CFRP sheets bonded with AASCM.Formula of bending rigidity calculation was founded which results are in good agreement with testing data.

Pt-Al₂OM₃Composite Material Designed for Cyclic Production of Optical Glasses under High Temperature Conditions

The article considers one of the possible approaches to the solution of an urgent issue of metal consumption reduction, increase of operating life and maximum operating temperature as well as reduction of irrecoverable losses of platinum products and alloys when operating under high temperature conditions, particularly for glassblowing and single crystal growing crucibles. A two-layered composite material based on platinum-group metals and corundum plasma ceramics is thoroughly investigated. A successful experience of crucibles exploitation, designed for production of high temperature optical glasses from the composite and results of the research on composite material specimens are described.

Experimental investigation of high temperature thermal contact resistance with interface material

Thermal contact resistance plays a very important role in heat transfer efficiency and thermomechanical coupling response between two materials,and a common method to reduce the thermal contact resistance is to fill a soft interface material between these two materials.A testing system of high temperature thermal contact resistance based on INSTRON 8874 is established in the present paper,which can achieve 600 C at the interface.Based on this system,the thermal contact resistance between superalloy GH600 material and three-dimensional braid C/C composite material is experimentally investigated,under different interface pressures,interface roughnesses and temperatures,respectively.At the same time,the mechanism of reducing the thermal contact resistance with carbon fiber sheet as interface material is experimentally investigated.Results show that the present testing system is feasible in the experimental research of high temperature thermal contact resistance.

Mechanical Properties with High Temperature and the Microstructure of Carbon/Phenolic Ablative Composites

Carbon fiber reinforced phenolic based composites were prepared by laminating molding. The variation in mechanical characteristics of composites was evaluated with heating temperature and procedure. The microstructures of composites at different temperatures were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results showed that the main weight loss range of carbon/phenolic is from 300 to 800 ℃, before 700 ℃ the weight loss was resulted from pyrolysis and after that the weight loss was mainly by oxidation in the fiber phase; with the heat treatment temperature rising, the bonding at the interface of carbon fibers and resin matrix weakened; in the pyrolysis temperature range, the interlaminar shear strength（ILSS） of carbon/phenolic showed a rapid drop with temperature rising, and then decrease in the rate of ILSS became relatively slower; the fiber oxidation had little influence on the ILSS.

High-temperature tribological performance of functionally graded Stellite 6/WC metal matrix composite coatings manufactured by laser-directed energy deposition

Wear-driven tool failure is one of the main hurdles in the industry.This issue can be addressed through surface coating with ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites.However,the maximum ceramic content is limited by cracking.In this work,the tribological behaviour of the functionally graded WC-ceramic-particlereinforced Stellite 6 coatings is studied.To that end,the wear resistance at room temperature and 400°C is investigated.Moreover,the tribological analysis is supported by crack sensitivity and hardness evaluation,which is of utmost importance in the processing of composite materials with ceramic-particle-reinforcement.Results indicate that functionally graded materials can be employed to increase the maximum admissible WC content,hence improving the tribological behaviour,most notably at high temperatures.Additionally,a shift from abrasive to oxidative wear is observed in high-temperature wear testing.

Corrosion resistance evaluation of highly dispersed MgO–MgAl2O4–ZrO2 composite and analysis of its corrosion mechanism: A chromium-free refractory for RH refining kilns

The corrosion resistance behavior of a highly dispersed MgO-MgAl2O4-ZrO2 composite refractory material is examined by testing with high-basicity and low-basicity RH(Ruhrstahl-Hereaeus)slags.The composite material exhibits greater resistance to the RH slags than the traditional MgO-Cr2O3 composite,MgO-ZrO2 composite,and MgO-MgAl2O4-ZrO2 composite.On the basis of the microstructural analysis and mechanisms calculations,the corrosion resistance behavior of the MgO-MgAl2O4-ZrO2 composite is attributable to its highly dispersed structure,which helps protect the high activity of ZrO2.When in contact with the slag,ZrO2 reacts with CaO to form the stable phase CaZrO3,which protects MgAl2O4 against corrosion,thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of the composite.

Performance of Nonwoven Filter Materials Based on the Operating Condition

The practical condition of needle-punched filters applied in coal-fired power plants is investigated. According to the actual operating conditions, two common filters (glass fiber filter and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) filter) are selected for experiment. The performance of these two kinds of filter is compared based on a series of tests such as resistance to the acid and alkali, oxidation resistance,hydrolysis resistance,and wear resistance. Experimental results show that PPS filter materials have better properties than those of glass filter material except oxidation resistance. Composite filter mixed glass fiber and PPS is recommended for polluters because of its good properties in all aspects.

Effects of mechanical boundary conditions on thermal shock resistance of ultra-high temperature ceramics

The effects of mechanical boundary conditions, often encountered in thermalstructural engineering, on the thermal shock resistance（TSR） of ultra-high temperature ceramics（UHTCs） are studied by investigating the TSR of a UHTC plate with various types of constraints under the first, second, and third type of thermal boundary conditions. The TSR of UHTCs is strongly dependent on the heat transfer modes and severity of the thermal environments. Constraining the displacement of the lower surface in the thickness direction can significantly decrease the TSR of the UHTC plate, which is subject to the thermal shock at the upper surface. In contrast, the TSR of the UHTC plate with simply supported edges or clamped edges around the lower surface is much better.

超高温陶瓷复合材料研究进展

随着高速飞行器朝着更宽空域、更长时间和更高速度的方向发展,对飞行器的鼻锥、前缘和发动机燃烧室等关键结构的热防护性能提出了更加严苛的要求,发展在极端环境下使用的高性能热防护材料是当前的研究重点。超高温陶瓷复合材料具有优异的抗氧化烧蚀性能,是一类极具应用潜力的非烧蚀型热防护材料。然而,本征脆性问题限制了超高温陶瓷复合材料的工程化应用,需通过组分结构调控对其进行强韧化。同时,飞行器有效载荷提升也对超高温陶瓷复合材料提出了轻量化的要求。本文系统概述了超高温陶瓷复合材料近年来取得的主要研究进展,包括压力烧结、泥浆浸渍、前驱体浸渍裂解、反应熔渗、化学气相渗透/沉积与“固-液”组合工艺等制备方法,颗粒、晶须、软相物质、短切纤维和连续纤维等强韧化方法及其机制,抗氧化烧蚀性能与机理,以及轻量化设计等。讨论了超高温陶瓷复合材料组分、微结构和性能之间的关系,并指出了超高温陶瓷复合材料目前存在的挑战以及未来的发展趋势。

活化煤废料替代水泥制备混凝土的基本特性

这是一篇陶瓷及复合材料领域的论文。为探索煤废料替代水泥进行混凝土制备的可行性,利用活性化处理的煤渣粉和煤矸石粉按照0、10%、20%、30%和40%的比例替代水泥进行混凝土试样的制备并对混凝土试样的坍落度、抗压和抗折强度进行测试,同时耐高温性能实验,结果证明:随着替代比的增加,坍落度、抗压强度和抗折强度均先增后减;煤废料的较优替代比为20%~30%。活化煤渣粉试样的早期强度增长率大;而活化煤矸石粉试样的长期强度增长率较大。当水灰比=0.45时,试样的抗压强度随着温度的升高先增后减,在100℃时达到极大值;当水灰比=0.5时,混凝土试样的抗压强度均随着温度的升高逐渐降低;活性煤渣粉试样界面区域的水合胶结构较最多,对照组次之,活化煤矸石粉试样较少。随着温度升高,试样表面的孔隙和裂缝明显增多且破坏面的破碎程度逐渐加剧。

“高温热结构复合材料”课程教学改革与实践研究

在高校专业课中实施课程教学改革是高等教育实现全员全程全方位育人的重要组成部分。以“高温热结构复合材料”课程为研究对象,分析了目前课程教学中存在的“课程理论知识与工程实践结合不紧密”和“课程教学内容与思政教育的融合性不充分”等问题。针对教学问题开展了课程教学改革与实践,提出了“高温热结构复合材料”课程内容设计方法,阐明了“高温热结构复合材料”课程思政设计思路。最后,结合“高温热结构复合材料”课程教学改革的实施过程和学生的反馈,总结了课程教学改革的实施效果。

高掺量胶粉/SBS改性沥青及其混合料的路用性能

为了提高废旧轮胎利用率,降低沥青生产成本,发挥胶粉和SBS两种改性沥青的优势,通过优化制备工艺和材料掺量,研究沥青的三大指标、黏度、弹性恢复、储存稳定性,确定了胶粉/SBS复合改性沥青的胶粉最佳掺量为42%,裂解剂的最佳掺量为1.5%。以制备的高掺量复合改性沥青混合料为主要研究对象,其他5种沥青混合料为对照组,包括基质沥青混合料、3%SBS改性沥青混合料、21%普通掺量的胶粉改性沥青混合料、42%高掺量胶粉改性沥青混合料以及21%胶粉+3%SBS普通掺量复合改性沥青混合料,通过车辙试验、低温小梁弯曲试验等分析各个改性沥青混合料的性能。结果表明,比起其他5种沥青混合料,高掺量胶粉/SBS复合改性沥青混合料有优异的高温抗车辙、低温抗开裂和水稳定性,为进一步研究胶粉/SBS改性沥青的应用起到了推广作用。

超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料抗烧蚀性能研究进展

随着航空航天事业的发展,C/C复合材料被广泛应用于该领域,但是高温抗氧化性能较差的缺点限制了它的使用范围。通过基体改性的方法将超高温陶瓷(UHTCs)引入到C/C复合材料中是提高C/C复合材料抗氧化烧蚀性能的主要方法。本文主要介绍了不同超高温陶瓷相对C/C-UHTCs复合材料烧蚀性能的影响,分析了相应的烧蚀机理和烧蚀性能不同测试方法的特点,并针对C/C-UHTCs复合材料的长效热防护、性能优化作出了展望。

聚酰亚胺气凝胶的耐高温性能研究进展

聚酰亚胺树脂具有高强度、高阻燃性、高热稳定性和低介电常数等特点,在航空航天、微电子等领域均有广泛应用。聚酰亚胺气凝胶由于其丰富的纳米多孔三维网络结构与聚酰亚胺本体特性相结合,具有良好的隔热性能以及优异的力学性能。然而,由于聚酰亚胺气凝胶丰富的纳米多孔结构,其耐高温性能相对于聚酰亚胺树脂明显下降,极大地限制了聚酰亚胺气凝胶在航空航天高温环境热防护领域的应用。本文针对聚酰亚胺气凝胶耐高温性能不足的问题,分别介绍了线型和交联型聚酰亚胺气凝胶及其主要制备方法,系统评述了国内外学者为提升聚酰亚胺气凝胶耐高温性能而采用的主要策略,同时对聚酰亚胺气凝胶在航空航天、压力传感、环境修复和保温隔热等领域的应用进行了总结,最后结合当前聚酰亚胺气凝胶面临的主要挑战,对其未来的研究动态进行了展望。

结构钢电沉积Co-W/CeO_(2)复合镀层及其性能研究

选择CeO_(2)颗粒作为复合相,利用电沉积技术在普通结构钢表面制备出Co-W/CeO_(2)复合镀层,并研究镀液中CeO_(2)颗粒浓度对复合镀层的微观形貌、化学成分、结合力、硬度、耐磨性能以及高温抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:Co-W/CeO_(2)复合镀层与基体结合牢固,表面分布着类似胞状的晶粒团聚体,其化学成分为Co、W、Ce和O元素。随着镀液中CeO_(2)颗粒浓度从2 g/L升高到15 g/L,复合镀层的晶粒团聚体尺寸差异先减小后增大,吸附在晶粒团聚体表面及边界处的CeO_(2)颗粒量先增多后减少,导致复合镀层的硬度、耐磨性能和高温抗氧化性能都呈先增强后下降的趋势。当镀液中CeO_(2)颗粒浓度为8g/L时,Co-W/CeO_(2)复合镀层的晶粒团聚体大小较为均匀,具有良好的致密性,其表面粗糙度仅为0.39μm。该复合镀层的硬度较Co-W合金镀层增大约76 HV,表现出良好的耐磨性能和高温抗氧化性能,摩擦系数和氧化增重量仅为0.43和0.74mg/cm^(2)。

五角星状ZrO_(2)改性聚酰亚胺的绝缘耐高温性能研究

新能源汽车工业的快速发展给汽车电机绝缘漆包线的耐温性能提出了更高要求,制备高性能且价格低廉的漆包线漆膜成为该领域的研究热点.本文提出用一步溶剂热法制备出五角星状ZrO_(2)纳米粉体,利用原位聚合法制备一种高性能、价格低廉的PI/五角星状ZrO_(2)复合薄膜.研究结果表明:制备的五角星状ZrO_(2)纳米粉体分布均匀,进而提高了ZrO_(2)在PI聚合物里的分散性;加入3%的五角星状ZrO_(2)纳米粉体后,相对于纯PI薄膜,PI/五角星状ZrO_(2)复合薄膜的疏水性能得到了提升,拉伸应力提高了4.8倍,初始热分解温度提高了8.30%,介电常数提高了3.2倍.可以看出,五角星状的ZrO_(2)对于纯PI薄膜绝缘、耐高温性能有显著提升.本工作对开发新型高性能漆包线新配方具有重要指导意义.

核结构材料用多主元合金辐照损伤的研究进展

开发具有优异综合性能的核反应堆结构材料是核能发展的基础,并且是长期以来制约核能推广的难点之一。多主元合金(multiprincipal element alloys,MEAs)因具有良好的抗辐照性能、力学性能而被认为是先进反应堆结构材料的候选材料,为新型抗辐照材料的设计开辟了广阔空间。近年来,有关多主元合金在辐照损伤方面的研究多试图揭示多主元合金一些因素和特性对辐照过程中缺陷形成与演变的影响。例如:主元种类和数目、主元浓度、晶格畸变、化学短程序等。尽管现有的一些研究结果表明以上因素可以提高多主元合金抗辐照损伤能力,但是在不同辐照条件下,以上因素对多主元合金中缺陷形成和演变的影响机制存在较大差异,难以得出普适性的结论。本文围绕FCC和BCC系两类多主元合金的辐照肿胀、氦泡形成、辐照诱导元素偏析和相变、辐照硬化四方面内容,综述了近年来多主元合金在辐照损伤方面的研究进展,总结了多主元合金提高抗辐照性能的作用机制,并在此基础上对核电结构用多主元合金的未来研究方向做出了展望,包括短程序调控、高熵陶瓷、增材制造、高通量结合机器学习加速材料开发等。最后指出必须从合金成分设计的角度出发,基于材料服役的实际环境来设计新型抗辐照多主元合金。

AlO(OH)/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的制备及其耐高温性能研究

以4,4′-二氨基二苯醚为二胺单体,均苯四甲酸二酐为酸酐单体,3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)为偶联剂,异丙醇铝[Al(OPri)3]为铝源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备以聚酰亚胺(PI)为基体,AlO(OH)为增强相的PI复合薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪、水接触角仪、漆膜划格器、铅笔划痕实验仪等对复合薄膜的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,随着铝溶胶含量的增加,复合薄膜的热稳定性呈现先上升后降低的趋势。当铝溶胶含量为10%时,AlO(OH)/PI复合薄膜具有最好的耐高温性能,其热分解5%时的温度达到567℃,玻璃化转变温度为381.4℃。

耐高温树脂及其复合材料性能研究

针对固体火箭发动机复杂管路一体化成型工艺技术要求,进行了TDS型苯并噁嗪树脂的粘度、热重曲线、流变性能以及复合材料的力学性能测试,得到了TDS型苯并噁嗪在注胶温度下粘度小于0.3Pa.s,工艺窗口大于6h,该树脂在800℃氮气气氛下,残碳率为55.6%,也获得了复合材料的拉伸强度、压缩强度、压缩模量、弯曲强度和层间剪切强度等参数。研究结果表明:TDS型苯并噁嗪耐高温树脂初步满足了固体火箭发动机复杂管路一体化成型工艺技术要求。

抗高温抗盐水基降滤失剂的合成与性能评价

针对现有水基钻井液用降滤失剂抗高温和抗盐能力不足的问题,提出以腐植酸钠(Na Hm)、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺(NNDMA)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMAAC)、对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,通过水溶液自由基聚合制备了一种抗高温抗盐降滤失剂。采用正交实验确定最佳反应条件:m(Na Hm∶NNDMA∶DMDAAC∶SSS)=2∶6∶2∶2,单体浓度30%,引发剂加量1.0%,反应温度65℃。利用红外光谱、热失重、核磁共振氢谱及环境扫描电镜对产物进行了结构表征和分析,证明四元聚合物制备成功,并通过抗高温、抗盐性能评价以及和市面常用产品对比,实验发现所合成的降滤失剂具有良好的抗高温抗盐性能,230℃老化16 h后,中压滤失量为5 m L,高温高压滤失量为22 m L,抗Na Cl 25%,抗Ca Cl21.5%,在高温高盐水基钻井液中具有广阔的应用前景。