A method is described for creating a measurable unbalanced gravitational acceleration using a gravitomagnetic field surrounding a superconducting toroid as described by Forward (1962). An experimental Superconducting ...A method is described for creating a measurable unbalanced gravitational acceleration using a gravitomagnetic field surrounding a superconducting toroid as described by Forward (1962). An experimental Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) toroid configuration of wound superconducting nanowire is proposed to create a measurable acceleration field along the axis of symmetry, providing experimental confirmation of the additive nature of a Lense-Thirring derived gravitomagnetic field. In the present paper, gravitational coupling enhancement of this effect is explored using a high index or high permittivity material, as predicted by Sarfatti (2020) using his modification to Einstein’s General Relativity Field Equations for gravitational coupling in matter.展开更多
A superconducting magnet(SM)can produce high magnetic fields up to a dozen times stronger than those generated by an electromagnet made of normal conductors or a permanent magnet(PM),and thus has attracted increasing ...A superconducting magnet(SM)can produce high magnetic fields up to a dozen times stronger than those generated by an electromagnet made of normal conductors or a permanent magnet(PM),and thus has attracted increasing research efforts in many domains including medical devices,large scientific equipment,transport,energy storage,power systems,and electric machines.Wireless energisers,e.g.,high temperature superconducting(HTS)flux pumps,can eliminate the thermal load from current leads and arc erosion of slip rings,and are thus considered a promising energisation tool for SMs.However,the time‐averaged DC output voltage in existing HTS flux pumps is generated by dynamic resistance:the dynamic loss is unavoidable,and the total AC loss will become significant at high frequencies.This study introduces a highly efficient superconducting wireless energizer(SWE)designed specifically for SMs.The SWE takes advantage of the inherent properties of a superconducting loop,including flux conservation and zero DC resistivity.Extensive theoretical analysis,numerical modelling exploiting the H‐ϕformulation,and experimental measurements were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the novel SWE design.The electromechanical performance and loss characteristics of the SWE system have also been investigated.Compared to conventional HTS flux pumps,the proposed SWE has lower excitation loss,in the order of 10−1 mW,and thus can achieve a high system efficiency of no less than 95%.Furthermore,it has a simpler structure with higher reliability,considered ready for further industrial development.In addition to deepening the understating of the intricate electromechanical dynamics between magnetic dipoles and superconducting circuits,this article provides a novel wireless energisation technique for SMs and opens the way to step changes in future electric transport and energy sectors.展开更多
Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system has been proven very effective to improve power system stabilities. It is realized with superconductivity technology, power electronics and control theory. In orde...Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system has been proven very effective to improve power system stabilities. It is realized with superconductivity technology, power electronics and control theory. In order to promote the applica-tion of such kind control device and to further investigate the properties of the controller, a detail mathematic model of such control device is developed. Based on the developed model, extensive analysis including time domain simulation is carried out to investigate the characteristic of the SMES to compensate the unba- lanced dynamic active and reactive power of AC power system. The capability of SMES to increase power system transient and small signal perturbation stabilities are analyzed. A prototype SMES is developed, in which the conduction cooling and the high temperature superconductive techniques are used. The performance of the prototype is experimentally investigated in a laboratory environment. Very en-couraging results are obtained. After a brief introduction of the SMES control sys-tem and the principle of its capability to improve power system stabilities, the de-tails of the mathematic model, the theoretical analysis, the developed device and the experiment test results are all given in this paper.展开更多
该文介绍了中国自行研制的第一套移动式直接冷却高温超导磁储能系统(moveable conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage system,M-SMES)的工作原理、组件结构、性能实验、动模实验和现场试验。该...该文介绍了中国自行研制的第一套移动式直接冷却高温超导磁储能系统(moveable conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage system,M-SMES)的工作原理、组件结构、性能实验、动模实验和现场试验。该系统额定值为380 V/35 kJ/7 kW,包括高温超导磁体及杜瓦、制冷单元、变流器、监控单元、箱体等主要组件及其它辅助部件,可吊装至集装箱车上移动到所需的位置,通过简单接线即可投入使用。针对该系统分别进行了电力系统动态模拟实验和现场试验。各项试验结果表明:该M-SMES具有四象限功率快速调节能力,具有良好的移动性和抗震性,现场运行性能稳定,能够抑制电力系统功率振荡,稳定系统电压,在电力系统中具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
文摘A method is described for creating a measurable unbalanced gravitational acceleration using a gravitomagnetic field surrounding a superconducting toroid as described by Forward (1962). An experimental Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) toroid configuration of wound superconducting nanowire is proposed to create a measurable acceleration field along the axis of symmetry, providing experimental confirmation of the additive nature of a Lense-Thirring derived gravitomagnetic field. In the present paper, gravitational coupling enhancement of this effect is explored using a high index or high permittivity material, as predicted by Sarfatti (2020) using his modification to Einstein’s General Relativity Field Equations for gravitational coupling in matter.
文摘A superconducting magnet(SM)can produce high magnetic fields up to a dozen times stronger than those generated by an electromagnet made of normal conductors or a permanent magnet(PM),and thus has attracted increasing research efforts in many domains including medical devices,large scientific equipment,transport,energy storage,power systems,and electric machines.Wireless energisers,e.g.,high temperature superconducting(HTS)flux pumps,can eliminate the thermal load from current leads and arc erosion of slip rings,and are thus considered a promising energisation tool for SMs.However,the time‐averaged DC output voltage in existing HTS flux pumps is generated by dynamic resistance:the dynamic loss is unavoidable,and the total AC loss will become significant at high frequencies.This study introduces a highly efficient superconducting wireless energizer(SWE)designed specifically for SMs.The SWE takes advantage of the inherent properties of a superconducting loop,including flux conservation and zero DC resistivity.Extensive theoretical analysis,numerical modelling exploiting the H‐ϕformulation,and experimental measurements were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the novel SWE design.The electromechanical performance and loss characteristics of the SWE system have also been investigated.Compared to conventional HTS flux pumps,the proposed SWE has lower excitation loss,in the order of 10−1 mW,and thus can achieve a high system efficiency of no less than 95%.Furthermore,it has a simpler structure with higher reliability,considered ready for further industrial development.In addition to deepening the understating of the intricate electromechanical dynamics between magnetic dipoles and superconducting circuits,this article provides a novel wireless energisation technique for SMs and opens the way to step changes in future electric transport and energy sectors.
基金Supported by the Special Fund of the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB217906)the National HI-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA03Z209)
文摘Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system has been proven very effective to improve power system stabilities. It is realized with superconductivity technology, power electronics and control theory. In order to promote the applica-tion of such kind control device and to further investigate the properties of the controller, a detail mathematic model of such control device is developed. Based on the developed model, extensive analysis including time domain simulation is carried out to investigate the characteristic of the SMES to compensate the unba- lanced dynamic active and reactive power of AC power system. The capability of SMES to increase power system transient and small signal perturbation stabilities are analyzed. A prototype SMES is developed, in which the conduction cooling and the high temperature superconductive techniques are used. The performance of the prototype is experimentally investigated in a laboratory environment. Very en-couraging results are obtained. After a brief introduction of the SMES control sys-tem and the principle of its capability to improve power system stabilities, the de-tails of the mathematic model, the theoretical analysis, the developed device and the experiment test results are all given in this paper.
文摘该文介绍了中国自行研制的第一套移动式直接冷却高温超导磁储能系统(moveable conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage system,M-SMES)的工作原理、组件结构、性能实验、动模实验和现场试验。该系统额定值为380 V/35 kJ/7 kW,包括高温超导磁体及杜瓦、制冷单元、变流器、监控单元、箱体等主要组件及其它辅助部件,可吊装至集装箱车上移动到所需的位置,通过简单接线即可投入使用。针对该系统分别进行了电力系统动态模拟实验和现场试验。各项试验结果表明:该M-SMES具有四象限功率快速调节能力,具有良好的移动性和抗震性,现场运行性能稳定,能够抑制电力系统功率振荡,稳定系统电压,在电力系统中具有良好的应用前景。
