Operations Improvement Function and Organisational Adaptability of Petroleum Tank Farms in South-South, Nigeria

The study examined the nexus between operations improvement function (dimensioned by contingency planning, benchmarking and continuous improvement processes) and organisational adaptability of Petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The contingency theory and the theory of routine dynamics underpinned the study, and positivism was the underlying philosophy. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey through the use of questionnaire. 820 middle and top-level managers constituted the elements of the population, and the Krejcie & Morgan’s formula was used to determine the sample size of 262 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling was deployed to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that contingency planning;benchmarking and continuous improvement processes all have a significant positive relationship with organisational adaptability of Petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The study concludes that Petroleum tank farms’ operations should focus on the adoption of contingency planning, benchmarking and continuous improvement processes to enhance organisational adaptability. Therefore, it is recommended that the management of Petroleum tank farms should put in place mechanisms to advance continuous improvement processes by allocating the necessary amount of resources, such as energy, time and money, in order to promote the continuous development of the continuous improvement systems. Furthermore, managers of Petroleum tank farms should make better the adoption of contingency planning, ensuring that there is as much necessary training and information for employees on how to act during a crises situation, in order to evaluate safety and prepare in advance for recovery from disasters.

Composition of Web Services of Multi-Population Adaptive Genetic Algorithm Based on Cosine Improvement

Web quality of service (QoS) awareness requires not only the selection of specific services to complete specific tasks, but also the comprehensive quality of service of the whole web service composition. How to select the web service composition with the highest comprehensive QoS is a NP hard problem. In this paper, an improved multi population genetic algorithm is proposed. Cosine adaptive operator is added to the algorithm to avoid premature algorithm caused by improper genetic operator and the disadvantage of destroying excellent individuals in later period. Experimental results show that compared with the common genetic algorithm and multi population genetic algorithm, this algorithm has the advantages of shorter time consumption and higher accuracy, and effectively avoids the loss of effective genes in the population.

An effective technique to improve photosynthetic productivity and adaptability of rice

High photosynthetic productivity and widephotosynthetic adaptability are two importantphysiological characteristics for the sustained highyield and wider growing range of rice.Preliminaryexperiments indicated that the utilization ofbeterosis between two different ecotype rices,US

Improvement of Wheat Water Use Efficiency in Semiarid Area of China

The greatest fear of global climate change is drought since in most areas where wheat is grown water is the most important factor influencing wheat yield. Average wheat yield throughout the world is only 30-60% of the attainable yield potential because water shortage is the major factor preventing the realization of maximum yield. Periods of drought alternating with short periods of available water are common conditions to influence wheat productivity. Such conditions include variable frequency of dry and wet periods, intensity of drought, rate of drought onset and patterns of soil water deficit and/or atmospheric water deficit. It is this deficit and variable water conditions in semiarid environments that influence wheat productivity variously. This paper reviewed the physiological adaptation and benefits associated with deficit and variable water conditions. In addition, it also highlights the compensative effect of limited irrigation and breeding of new varieties for high water use efficiency (WUE) that could improve wheat productivity under water-limited environments in the semiarid regions. Considerable potential for further improvement in wheat WUE and productivity in semiarid environments seems to depend on effective conservation of moisture and efficient use of this limited water such as soil fertility improvement, conservation tillage, residues and film mulch, rain water harvesting for limited irrigation, and breeding for water saving varieties. Different crop, soil and water management strategies should be adjusted according to the conditions that prevail in various semiarid areas. By combining soil and water conservation approaches and adjusting the cropping system by growing drought-tolerant and water-saving cultivars, increase in wheat WUE and productivity could be achieved.

Solving Job-Shop Scheduling Problem Based on Improved Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

An improved adaptive particle swarm optimization(IAPSO)algorithm is presented for solving the minimum makespan problem of job shop scheduling problem(JSP).Inspired by hormone modulation mechanism,an adaptive hormonal factor(HF),composed of an adaptive local hormonal factor(H l)and an adaptive global hormonal factor(H g),is devised to strengthen the information connection between particles.Using HF,each particle of the swarm can adjust its position self-adaptively to avoid premature phenomena and reach better solution.The computational results validate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed IAPSO,which can not only find optimal or close-to-optimal solutions but also obtain both better and more stability results than the existing particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithms.

Optimization of buckling load for laminated composite plates using adaptive Kriging-improved PSO:A novel hybrid intelligent method

An effective hybrid optimization method is proposed by integrating an adaptive Kriging(A-Kriging)into an improved partial swarm optimization algorithm(IPSO)to give a so-called A-Kriging-IPSO for maximizing the buckling load of laminated composite plates(LCPs)under uniaxial and biaxial compressions.In this method,a novel iterative adaptive Kriging model,which is structured using two training sample sets as active and adaptive points,is utilized to directly predict the buckling load of the LCPs and to improve the efficiency of the optimization process.The active points are selected from the initial data set while the adaptive points are generated using the radial random-based convex samples.The cell-based smoothed discrete shear gap method(CS-DSG3)is employed to analyze the buckling behavior of the LCPs to provide the response of adaptive and input data sets.The buckling load of the LCPs is maximized by utilizing the IPSO algorithm.To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology,the LCPs with different layers(2,3,4,and 10 layers),boundary conditions,aspect ratios and load patterns(biaxial and uniaxial loads)are investigated.The results obtained by proposed method are in good agreement with the literature results,but with less computational burden.By applying adaptive radial Kriging model,the accurate optimal resultsebased predictions of the buckling load are obtained for the studied LCPs.

An improved self-adaptive membrane computing optimization algorithm and its applications in residue hydrogenating model parameter estimation

In order to solve the non-linear and high-dimensional optimization problems more effectively, an improved self-adaptive membrane computing(ISMC) optimization algorithm was proposed. The proposed ISMC algorithm applied improved self-adaptive crossover and mutation formulae that can provide appropriate crossover operator and mutation operator based on different functions of the objects and the number of iterations. The performance of ISMC was tested by the benchmark functions. The simulation results for residue hydrogenating kinetics model parameter estimation show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional intelligent algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy and stability in solving the complex parameter optimization problems.

Method for Fault Feature Selection for a Baler Gearbox Based on an Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm

The performance and efficiency of a baler deteriorate as a result of gearbox failure.One way to overcome this challenge is to select appropriate fault feature parameters for fault diagnosis and monitoring gearboxes.This paper proposes a fault feature selection method using an improved adaptive genetic algorithm for a baler gearbox.This method directly obtains the minimum fault feature parameter set that is most sensitive to fault features through attribute reduction.The main benefit of the improved adaptive genetic algorithm is its excellent performance in terms of the efficiency of attribute reduction without requiring prior information.Therefore,this method should be capable of timely diagnosis and monitoring.Experimental validation was performed and promising findings highlighting the relationship between diagnosis results and faults were obtained.The results indicate that when using the improved genetic algorithm to reduce 12 fault characteristic parameters to three without a priori information,100%fault diagnosis accuracy can be achieved based on these fault characteristics and the time required for fault feature parameter selection using the improved genetic algorithm is reduced by half compared to traditional methods.The proposed method provides important insights into the instant fault diagnosis and fault monitoring of mechanical devices.

Time-optimal trajectory planning based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm

This paper investiga tes a trajectory planning algorithm to reduce the manipulator’s working time.A t ime-optimal trajectory planning(TOTP)is conducted based on improved ad aptive genetic algorithm(IAGA)and combined with cubic triangular Bezier spline(CTBS).The CTBS based trajectory planning we did before can achieve continuous second and third derivation,hence it meets the stability requirements of the m anipulator.The working time can be greatly reduced by applying IAGA to the puma 560 trajectory planning when considering physical constraints such as angular ve locity,angular acceleration and jerk.Simulation experiments in both Matlab and ADAMS illustrate that TOTP based on IAGA can give a time optimal result with sm oothness and stability.

Two-Phase Rate Adaptation Strategy for Improving Real-Time Video QoE in Mobile Networks

With the popularity of smart handheld devices, mobile streaming video has multiplied the global network traffic in recent years. A huge concern of users' quality of experience(Qo E) has made rate adaptation methods very attractive. In this paper, we propose a two-phase rate adaptation strategy to improve users' real-time video Qo E. First, to measure and assess video Qo E, we provide a continuous Qo E prediction engine modeled by RNN recurrent neural network. Different from traditional Qo E models which consider the Qo E-aware factors separately or incompletely, our RNN-Qo E model accounts for three descriptive factors(video quality, rebuffering, and rate change) and reflects the impact of cognitive memory and recency. Besides, the video playing is separated into the initial startup phase and the steady playback phase, and we takes different optimization goals for each phase: the former aims at shortening the startup delay while the latter ameliorates the video quality and the rebufferings. Simulation results have shown that RNN-Qo E can follow the subjective Qo E quite well, and the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the occurrence of rebufferings caused by the mismatch between the requested video rates and the fluctuated throughput and attains standout performance on real-time Qo E compared with classical rate adaption methods.

Research on Reactive Power Optimization of Offshore Wind Farms Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization

The lack of reactive power in offshore wind farms will affect the voltage stability and power transmission quality of wind farms.To improve the voltage stability and reactive power economy of wind farms,the improved particle swarmoptimization is used to optimize the reactive power planning in wind farms.First,the power flow of offshore wind farms is modeled,analyzed and calculated.To improve the global search ability and local optimization ability of particle swarm optimization,the improved particle swarm optimization adopts the adaptive inertia weight and asynchronous learning factor.Taking the minimum active power loss of the offshore wind farms as the objective function,the installation location of the reactive power compensation device is compared according to the node voltage amplitude and the actual engineering needs.Finally,a reactive power optimizationmodel based on Static Var Compensator is established inMATLAB to consider the optimal compensation capacity,network loss,convergence speed and voltage amplitude enhancement effect of SVC.Comparing the compensation methods in several different locations,the compensation scheme with the best reactive power optimization effect is determined.Meanwhile,the optimization results of the standard particle swarm optimization and the improved particle swarm optimization are compared to verify the superiority of the proposed improved algorithm.

燕麦对滨海盐渍土的适应性及纳盐改土效果

为探索燕麦植株对滨海盐渍土的适应性及纳盐改土效果,本试验以白燕2号为材料,在东营的3种类型滨海盐渍土上(轻度、中度、重度)设6个区顶凌播种,观测燕麦农艺性状及田间覆盖率,测定燕麦全株及籽粒产量和燕麦不同部位及收获期0~20 cm土层土壤可溶性盐和Na+含量。结果表明,白燕2号在3种滨海盐渍土壤中均能生长,但适应程度不同,全株产量为3.320~18.780 t·hm^(-2),籽粒产量为0.456~4.106 t·hm^(-2),基本趋势为轻度盐渍土>中度盐渍土>重度盐渍土;燕麦利用植株的储盐能力将盐渍土部分可溶性盐移出土壤,燕麦全株移出可溶性盐量为0.161~1.508 t·hm^(-2),籽粒移出可溶性盐量为2.961~43.242 kg·hm^(-2);春季返盐高峰后,裸露地土壤表层盐表聚严重,试验区燕麦收获期0~20 cm土层土壤可溶性盐和Na+含量均有不同程度的降低;燕麦植株不同部位的可溶性盐、Na+分配结果显示,燕麦秸秆含盐量最高,达96.954 g·kg^(-1),是根的3.576倍、籽粒的12.803倍,秸秆内Na+含量最高,为20.242 g·kg^(-1),是根的5.190倍、籽粒的55.763倍。可见,燕麦植株通过在不同部位间合理分配可溶性盐和Na+来提高燕麦的耐盐性。综上表明,燕麦植株通过吸盐、储盐、收获移盐等纳盐过程对滨海盐渍土的改良效果明显。

改进势场蚁群算法优化路径自动规划

针对势场与蚁群联合的自主路径规划存在局部最优解、初始路径选择随机导致效率不高及环境适应性差等问题,提出了基于自适应域和参数自适应设置的改进算法。算法首先基于自适应域改进势场目标不可达问题,并过滤震荡点以平滑路径;其次,通过状态转移函数和信息素更新等相关参数的自适应设置,提高算法在收敛效率和搜索能力上的平衡性,进而提高对障碍环境的适应性。实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效避免局部最优、目标不可达和复杂环境的适应性问题,在路径长度和效率上优于实验采用的已有算法,从而验证了算法的有效性。

基于改进自适应IMM算法的高速列车组合定位

针对列车高精度定位问题,该文提出基于改进自适应交互多模型(IMM)的高速列车高精度组合定位方法。首先,根据列车定位需求和各传感器特点,设计了卫星接收器、轮轴测速传感器、测速雷达以及单轴陀螺仪4种传感器的组合定位方案。然后,针对IMM融合滤波算法因先验信息不准导致固定参数设置不当的问题,引入Sage-Husa自适应滤波和转移概率矩阵(TPM)自适应更新集成为自适应IMM算法。针对多模型切换的滞后问题,利用子模型似然函数值能快速反映模型变化趋势的特点,将似然函数值设为判定标志,并引入判定窗对TPM矩阵元素进行修正,有效提升了模型的切换速度。最后,基于改进自适应IMM算法对4种传感器定位信息进行融合滤波,实现高速列车的高精度组合定位。仿真结果表明:改进后的算法相比其他自适应IMM算法提升定位精度1.6%~14.7%,并且能通过提高模型间切换速度来有效降低位置误差峰值,同时具备较好的抗噪性能。

面向多运行模式的并网逆变器改进控制策略

为了改善新能源并网逆变器的性能并同时满足多运行模式(并网模式和孤岛模式)调节需求,设计了双重自适应系数,并基于下垂控制和虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)控制提出了新颖的改进控制策略。该控制策略可灵活地调节惯量和阻尼以满足不同运行模式的需求。设计的双重自适应系数包括自适应协调系数和自适应惯量系数,前者可提高系统动态特性并增强适用性,后者可进一步改善功率超调和振荡问题以完全消除功率超调。所提出的改进控制策略的功率响应无超调和振荡,能够提供接近于VSG控制的惯量和阻尼特性且具有更快的响应速度,可同时满足并网模式下的功率调节需求和孤岛模式下的频率调节需求,具有更大的适用性和更优异的动态特性。最后,通过硬件在环实验验证了所提出的改进控制策略的有效性和可行性。

基于变前视距离的四轮同步转向农机改进纯跟踪控制

路径跟踪控制是提高自主导航系统控制精度的关键。针对在复杂农田作业环境下转弯时纯跟踪算法跟踪精度不高的问题,本文提出了一种基于改进纯追踪模型的四轮同步转向农机路径跟踪控制算法。建立了基于四轮同步转向农机的运动学模型和纯跟踪模型,在此基础上考虑航向误差得到改进纯跟踪模型,进行RTK定位坐标修正,根据量化误差的评价函数搜索前视区域最优目标点,得到最优前视距离。本文算法能实时确定四轮同步转向农机改进纯跟踪模型中的前视距离,使航向误差和横向误差最小化,实现目标点的自适应优化。仿真结果表明,本文方法转弯时平均绝对横向误差减至0.035 m,平均绝对航向误差减至0.212°;水田实验结果表明,当四轮同步转向农机作业速度为3.6 km/h时,四轮转向农机轨迹跟踪平均绝对横向误差减至0.109 m,平均绝对航向误差减至2.799°,转弯跟踪精度显著提高。

基于直流电压动态修正的柔性多状态开关自适应下垂控制

为了满足配电网的多种互联需求,柔性多状态开关(flexible multi-state switch,FMSS)已衍生出多种互联应用的技术形态,多端FMSS与双端FMSS相比更具经济性和可靠性,已成为研究热点。传统下垂控制通过改变直流侧电压实现不平衡功率的消纳,但直流侧电压的偏离会影响系统安全可靠运行。针对模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的多端FMSS系统,提出了一种改进型下垂控制策略,根据换流器消纳的有功功率实时动态改变直流电压的参考值和下垂增益,实现了直流电压的无偏差运行,既能避免换流站过载,又能解决不平衡功率消纳引起的电压偏离问题,提高了系统的稳定性。另外,由于MMC自身结构特性和PI参数整定困难,将传统的电流内环改为模型预测控制,并采用典型的二阶Runge-Kutta法对状态方程进行离散化,提高了控制精度。最后基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了四端FMSS系统模型,验证了所提控制策略的可行性与有效性。

基于改进蝴蝶搜索算法的DGPS整周模糊度快速解算

为了快速准确地解算差分全球定位系统(DGPS)整周模糊度,提出了一种改进蝴蝶搜索算法(IBOA)求解整周模糊度。首先在蝴蝶优化算法(BOA)的香味系数中加入一个自适应权重,弥补BOA算法觅食行为中较弱的搜索能力;其次使用动态切换概率权衡BOA算法中全局搜索与局部搜索的比例;最后在全局搜索和局部搜索阶段引入新的迭代位置更新策略,提升了算法全局搜索能力和跳出局部最优能力。与最小二乘模糊度降相关平差算法(LAMBDA)算法进行1000个历元数据的解算对比实验,结果表明所提算法的平均搜索成功率比LAMBDA算法提高了5.07%。

一种灰色关联分析优化ICEEMDAN的VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型

VP倾斜仪固体潮信号受仪器监测复杂环境限制,多含有大量环境噪声。为获得真实固体潮曲线,提出一种基于灰色关联分析优化改进的自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)VP倾斜仪信号降噪模型(GRA-ICEEMDAN)。该方法首先将含噪信号进行ICCEMDAN处理,得到若干个固有模态函数(IMF),并依次排列与标记;然后基于这些IMF分别计算相关系数、互信息、R^(2)、Adj-R^(2)、MSE、SSE、RMSE、MAE、MAPE、样本熵等10个评价指标值,构建IMF可信度评价指标矩阵;最后借助灰色关联分析(GRA)计算各评价指标与不同IMF之间的关联系数和关联度,依据关联度大小对各个IMF进行排序,将排名靠前的IMF进行线性重构,即可完成信号降噪。仿真去噪实验和实测去噪实验均表明,GRA-ICEEMDAN模型优于卡尔曼滤波、70阶低通FIR滤波、Savitzky-Golay等经典降噪模型,能显著区分噪声成分和有效成分,原始信号分解后的重构误差与信号损失极小,可推广至其他仪器的复杂信号降噪中。

基于改进鲸鱼算法优化神经网络的GPS高程拟合方法

采取混沌映射和自适应惯性权重结合的策略对标准鲸鱼算法进行改进,从而提高算法的全局寻优能力和收敛速度,并针对BP神经网络的劣势,利用改进鲸鱼算法对BP神经网络进行优化处理。在此基础上建立改进鲸鱼算法优化BP神经网络的GPS高程异常拟合预测模型,并通过两组不同地形特征工程中的GPS数据对模型进行验证。结果表明,利用改进鲸鱼算法优化的BP模型进行GPS高程拟合时可取得更高的精度和稳定性。