We conducted a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the evolution of China’s industrial structure and environmental change. Using the industrial structure characteristic bias index and data from 29 manuf...We conducted a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the evolution of China’s industrial structure and environmental change. Using the industrial structure characteristic bias index and data from 29 manufacturing industries in each province from 1995 to 2010, we described the impact of pollution-emission characteristics of industry structure on the regional environment. The results show that wastewater-discharged characteristic of industrial structure in the northwest and central areas declined from 1995-2010, but this trend has weakened. The industrial structure of southwest and southeast areas had a high level of solid waste discharge and a constantly strengthening trend in SO2 emissions. We also analyzed the growth and recession of each sector in eight regions in China from 1995 to 2010. Among the eight regions, the middle reach of the Yel ow River, and northwest and southwest China had a clear increasing trend of high pol ution industries;the eastern coast, southern coast, middle reach of the Yangtze River and northeastern China did not sustain an increase in high pollution industries. In addition, regression analysis modeling was used to analyze the impact of the evolution of industrial structure on the disparities of regional environmental effects. We found that regional industry structure was closely related to environmental quality, especially for western areas at lower stages of economic development. In the future, all regions must prevent and forefend the risk of environmental pollution in the update and adjustment of industrial structure.展开更多
To achieve carbon peak targets,realize carbon neutrality vision,and tackle global climate change,China must improve the carbon emission performance at the city level.Based on the carbon emission performance of 191 pre...To achieve carbon peak targets,realize carbon neutrality vision,and tackle global climate change,China must improve the carbon emission performance at the city level.Based on the carbon emission performance of 191 prefecture-level cities in China from 1997 to 2017,this paper analyses the evolution characteristics of urban carbon emission performance from three aspects:the overall spatial and temporal evolution,the differences according to both region and city size,and the differences among clusters categorized by carbon emission performance at the city level.This paper also reveals the impact of the social and economic transition on China’s carbon emission performance.The results show that:(1)The overall level of carbon emission performance of Chinese cities is low,and there is a downward trend during the study period.The differences in carbon emission performance among cities are convergent,but there is a wide gap between high and low values.(2)The carbon emission performance of cities in eastern coastal areas is higher than that in non-coastal areas cities.Large urban agglomerations and economically developed regions,such as provincial capitals,are the agglomeration areas of high urban carbon emission performance values.(3)The carbon emission performance level of cities with similar sizes will converge.At the same time,such changes will enhance the differences among carbon emission performances at the city level within the same region.(4)Cities that belong to high urban carbon emission performance clusters are mainly distributed in the eastern region.Such cities are classified into large cities,supercities,and megacities.Compared with low urban carbon emission performance clusters,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters show a higher proportion in the medium-high level and high level of carbon emission performance.Moreover,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters are more likely to improve their urban carbon emission performance.(5)The economic agglomeration effect,industrial structure adjustment and carbon intensity reduction have a significant impact on improving urban carbon emission performance.Population agglomeration has an incremental effect,and the anticipated benefits of environmental regulation have yet to be fully realized.The impacts of different clusters and different regions are variable.Finally,this paper advances policy enlightenment according to its research findings.展开更多
为探讨RPA对PFI汽油车在RDE试验中排放特性影响,采用了AVL-M. O. V. E.轻型车便携式排放测试系统PEMS对某电控进气道多点喷射汽油车分别在西宁高海拔地区进行了平缓、一般和激烈3种驾驶行为下的RDE排放试验研究,试验中未对发动机进行任...为探讨RPA对PFI汽油车在RDE试验中排放特性影响,采用了AVL-M. O. V. E.轻型车便携式排放测试系统PEMS对某电控进气道多点喷射汽油车分别在西宁高海拔地区进行了平缓、一般和激烈3种驾驶行为下的RDE排放试验研究,试验中未对发动机进行任何改动。结果表明:国标对RDE试验要求的RPA值范围较大,不同RPA值对应的驾驶行为直接影响RDE排放试验结果。RDE冷起动阶段对PN和CO排放的影响较大,且对PN排放的影响大于对气体污染物排放的影响。CO和PN排放随RPA值的变化无明显变化规律; NOx和CO2排放量与RPA值呈现正相关。CF(NOx)> CF(CO)> CF(PN),且CF(NOx)随着RPA值的增加,变化幅度明显增大,高原条件下进行RDE试验,需要注意NOx排放。RPA值影响CO2排放在特性曲线图上的分布,RPA值越大,CO2排放在特性曲线图上的分布越靠近上公差。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41271556)
文摘We conducted a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the evolution of China’s industrial structure and environmental change. Using the industrial structure characteristic bias index and data from 29 manufacturing industries in each province from 1995 to 2010, we described the impact of pollution-emission characteristics of industry structure on the regional environment. The results show that wastewater-discharged characteristic of industrial structure in the northwest and central areas declined from 1995-2010, but this trend has weakened. The industrial structure of southwest and southeast areas had a high level of solid waste discharge and a constantly strengthening trend in SO2 emissions. We also analyzed the growth and recession of each sector in eight regions in China from 1995 to 2010. Among the eight regions, the middle reach of the Yel ow River, and northwest and southwest China had a clear increasing trend of high pol ution industries;the eastern coast, southern coast, middle reach of the Yangtze River and northeastern China did not sustain an increase in high pollution industries. In addition, regression analysis modeling was used to analyze the impact of the evolution of industrial structure on the disparities of regional environmental effects. We found that regional industry structure was closely related to environmental quality, especially for western areas at lower stages of economic development. In the future, all regions must prevent and forefend the risk of environmental pollution in the update and adjustment of industrial structure.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund(Grant No.21YJAZH087)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovation Research Group Project(Grant No.42121001)。
文摘To achieve carbon peak targets,realize carbon neutrality vision,and tackle global climate change,China must improve the carbon emission performance at the city level.Based on the carbon emission performance of 191 prefecture-level cities in China from 1997 to 2017,this paper analyses the evolution characteristics of urban carbon emission performance from three aspects:the overall spatial and temporal evolution,the differences according to both region and city size,and the differences among clusters categorized by carbon emission performance at the city level.This paper also reveals the impact of the social and economic transition on China’s carbon emission performance.The results show that:(1)The overall level of carbon emission performance of Chinese cities is low,and there is a downward trend during the study period.The differences in carbon emission performance among cities are convergent,but there is a wide gap between high and low values.(2)The carbon emission performance of cities in eastern coastal areas is higher than that in non-coastal areas cities.Large urban agglomerations and economically developed regions,such as provincial capitals,are the agglomeration areas of high urban carbon emission performance values.(3)The carbon emission performance level of cities with similar sizes will converge.At the same time,such changes will enhance the differences among carbon emission performances at the city level within the same region.(4)Cities that belong to high urban carbon emission performance clusters are mainly distributed in the eastern region.Such cities are classified into large cities,supercities,and megacities.Compared with low urban carbon emission performance clusters,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters show a higher proportion in the medium-high level and high level of carbon emission performance.Moreover,cities in high urban carbon emission performance clusters are more likely to improve their urban carbon emission performance.(5)The economic agglomeration effect,industrial structure adjustment and carbon intensity reduction have a significant impact on improving urban carbon emission performance.Population agglomeration has an incremental effect,and the anticipated benefits of environmental regulation have yet to be fully realized.The impacts of different clusters and different regions are variable.Finally,this paper advances policy enlightenment according to its research findings.
文摘为探讨RPA对PFI汽油车在RDE试验中排放特性影响,采用了AVL-M. O. V. E.轻型车便携式排放测试系统PEMS对某电控进气道多点喷射汽油车分别在西宁高海拔地区进行了平缓、一般和激烈3种驾驶行为下的RDE排放试验研究,试验中未对发动机进行任何改动。结果表明:国标对RDE试验要求的RPA值范围较大,不同RPA值对应的驾驶行为直接影响RDE排放试验结果。RDE冷起动阶段对PN和CO排放的影响较大,且对PN排放的影响大于对气体污染物排放的影响。CO和PN排放随RPA值的变化无明显变化规律; NOx和CO2排放量与RPA值呈现正相关。CF(NOx)> CF(CO)> CF(PN),且CF(NOx)随着RPA值的增加,变化幅度明显增大,高原条件下进行RDE试验,需要注意NOx排放。RPA值影响CO2排放在特性曲线图上的分布,RPA值越大,CO2排放在特性曲线图上的分布越靠近上公差。
