Broadband high-efficiency dielectric metalenses based on quasi-continuous nanostrips

Benefiting from the abrupt phase changes within subwavelength thicknesses,metasurfaces have been widely applied for lightweight and compact optical systems.Simultaneous broadband and high-efficiency characteristics are highly attractive for the practical implementation of metasurfaces.However,current metasurface devices mostly adopt discrete micro/nano structures,which rarely realize both merits simultaneously.In this paper,dielectric metasurfaces composed of quasi-continuous nanostrips are proposed to overcome this limitation.Via quasi-continuous nanostrips metasurface,a normal focusing metalens and a superoscillatory lens overcoming the diffraction limit are designed and experimentally demonstrated.The quasi-continuous metadevices can operate in a broadband wavelength ranging from 450 nm to 1000nm and keep a high power efficiency.The average efficiency of the fabricated metalens reaches 54.24%,showing a significant improvement compared to the previously reported metalenses with the same thickness.The proposed methodology can be easily extended to design other metadevices with the advantages of broadband and high-efficiency in practical optical systems.

High-efficiency Carbonation Modification Methods of Recycled Coarse Aggregates

To solve the problem of only surface carbonation and realize high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,the method of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate with nano materials pre-soaking was first put forward.The carbonation effect of modified recycled coarse aggregate with three different carbonation methods was evaluated,and water absorption,apparent density and crush index of modified recycled coarse aggregate were measured.Combined with XRD,SEM,and MIP microscopic analysis,the high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism of modified recycled coarse aggregate was revealed.The experimental results show that,compared with the non-carbonated recycled coarse aggregate,the physical and microscopic properties of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate are improved.The method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking can realize the high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,for modified recycled coarse aggregate with the method,water absorption is reduced by 23.03%,porosity is reduced by 44.06%,and the average pore diameter is 21.82 nm.The high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism show that the pre-socked nano-SiO_(2) is bound to the hydration product Ca(OH)_(2) of the old mortar with nano-scale C-S-H,which can improve the CO_(2) absorption rate,accelerate the carbonation reaction,generate more stable CaCO_(3) and nano-scale silica gel,and bond to the dense three-dimensional network structure to realize the bidirectional enhancement of nano-materials and pressurized carbonation.It is concluded that the method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking is a novel high-efficiency carbonation modification of recycled coarse aggregate.

Investigation and Regulation of High-efficiency Region Boundary of Variable Magnetic Flux Permanent Magnet Motor

With the increasing complexity of electrical vehicles(EVs),the wide-speed-range high-efficiency characteristics of EV drive motors are in strict demand.In this study,the variable magnetic flux effect is introduced into a permanent magnet(PM)motor,and a variable magnetic flux permanent magnetic(VMF-PM)motor is proposed.First,the flux is adjusted flexibly to synchronously broaden the speed regulation range and high-efficiency region.Subsequently,an efficiency analytical model is developed considering the motor speed,current,and flux variations.It is indicated that by the purposeful design of the variable flux leakage topology,the efficiency under high speed can be improved based on a theoretical investigation of the high-efficiency boundary.In addition,based on finite element analysis,the performances before and after optimization of the key parameters of the VMF-PM motor are investigated,including the flux variable characteristics and efficiency characteristics.Finally,a prototype motor is built and tested.Both theoretical analysis and experimental results confirm that based on the assistance of the variable magnetic flux effect,the motor high-efficiency region is broadened effectively,providing a potential research path for designing a wide-speed-range high-efficiency motor.

国外Swabbing Equipment抽汲装置研究

在试油作业中,为求目的层产量等参数时,若地层能量不足以使油井自喷,则采取抽汲等方式进行诱喷或求产。国外试油过程中抽汲作业多采用油管内抽汲,Swabbing Equipment抽汲装置具有结构简单、安全系数和抽汲效率高的优点,值得国内从事试油工作者借鉴和参考。

Toward high-efficiency perovskite solar cells with one-dimensional oriented nanostructured electron transport materials

The unique advantages of one-dimensional(1D)oriented nanostructures in light-trapping and chargetransport make them competitive candidates in photovoltaic(PV)devices.Since the emergence of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),1D nanostructured electron transport materials(ETMs)have drawn tremendous interest.However,the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of these devices have always significantly lagged behind their mesoscopic and planar counterparts.High-efficiency PSCs with 1D ETMs showing efficiency over 22%were just realized in the most recent studies.It yet lacks a comprehensive review covering the development of 1D ETMs and their application in PSCs.We hence timely summarize the advances in 1D ETMs-based solar cells,emphasizing on the fundamental and optimization issues of charge separation and collection ability,and their influence on PV performance.After sketching the classification and requirements for high-efficiency 1D nanostructured solar cells,we highlight the applicability of 1D TiO_(2)nanostructures in PSCs,including nanotubes,nanorods,nanocones,and nanopyramids,and carefully analyze how the electrostatic field affects cell performance.Other kinds of oriented nanostructures,e.g.,ZnO and SnO_(2)ETMs,are also described.Finally,we discuss the challenges and propose some potential strategies to further boost device performance.This review provides a broad range of valuable work in this fast-developing field,which we hope will stimulate research enthusiasm to push PSCs to an unprecedented level.

Selection of Greenhouse Zucchini Varieties and High-Quality,High-Yield and High-Efficiency Cultivation Techniques

[Objectives]To select zucchini varieties suitable for cultivation in Zibo City and test its high-yield cultivation techniques.[Methods]Six zucchini varieties were introduced,and their commercial quality and yield were determined.[Results]The yield of Shengfeier,Xiuyu 170 and Xihulu 309 increased by 11.4%,6.9%and 4.6%,respectively compared with S68(control),and zucchini was straight,looked pleasing to the eye,and had strong disease resistance.[Conclusions]The zucchini varieties were selected and the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques were integrated.

Massive Rhinorrhea as a Complication of COVID-19 Nasopharyngeal Swab

The nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 testing is generally considered safe;however, it is primarily performed by staff that may not completely understand the anatomy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. We report the treatment of a 48-year-old man who developed unilateral left rhinorrhea after a nasopharyngeal swab sample. It is aimed to draw attention to this complication that can be prevented with the appropriate technique during nasopharyngeal swab sampling.

胎膜早破孕妇阴道微生态和胎盘分离菌及耐药性分析

目的 比较胎膜早破和正常破裂孕妇孕晚期(孕35~37周)阴道微生态、胎盘拭子细菌分布和耐药性情况,为临床预防和治疗提供病原学依据。方法 收集甘肃省妇幼保健院产科2020年1月1日至2022年6月30日胎盘拭子培养结果,将培养阳性的孕妇分成胎膜早破组和正常破裂组,比较两组基本临床特征及孕晚期阴道微生态、胎盘分离菌和药敏结果。结果 两组孕周、年龄、细菌性阴道病和正常微生态情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示孕周(β=-0.711,OR=0.491)和正常微生态(β=-1.412,OR=4.103)与胎膜早破发生呈负相关,年龄(β=0.076,OR=1.079)呈正相关,细菌性阴道病的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组胎盘主要分离菌为革兰阴性杆菌,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),以大肠埃希菌为主,检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),胎膜早破组产超广谱β-内酰胺酶比例较高,对氨苄西林、头孢类耐药性高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其次是革兰阳性球菌(粪肠球菌和无乳链球菌为主),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无乳链球菌对青霉素类、糖肽类等敏感,对喹诺酮类耐药率较高;粪肠球菌对青霉素类、糖肽类、恶唑烷酮类等敏感,对红霉素和克林霉素的耐药性较高。结论 胎膜早破组年龄偏大且孕周小,孕晚期易发生阴道微生态异常,其胎盘拭子大肠埃希菌检出率、对青霉素和头孢类抗生素耐药性较高。

乳牙机用镍钛锉联合超声荡洗在乳磨牙根管治疗中的应用效果

目的:分析乳牙机用镍钛锉联合超声荡洗在乳磨牙根管治疗中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年12月—2024年1月于青海红十字医院行乳磨牙根管治疗患儿80例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组实施传统根管治疗,观察组实施乳牙机用镍钛锉联合超声荡洗治疗。比较两组治疗效果、并发症发生率及填充效果。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.043);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.038);观察组填充成功率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。结论:乳牙机用镍钛锉联合超声荡洗在乳磨牙根管治疗中具有较好的临床效果,能够降低患儿并发症发生率,提高填充效果。

自助鼻咽灌洗采集病毒核酸样本装置的临床应用

目的探讨自助鼻咽灌洗采集病毒核酸样本装置和方法的可行性。方法选取2021年10月25日至11月30日邵阳市中心医院儿科发热门诊和呼吸内科住院部56例上呼吸道感染发热患者作为研究对象,采用前后自身对照,通过两种核酸样本采集方法对同一受试者进行核酸样本采集。使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应方法检测分析乙型流感病毒核酸阳性率、扩增循环阈值数,记录每例采集时间。比较两种方法的阳性率、扩增循环阈值数、采集时间及诊断效率。结果两组的核酸检测阳性率、扩增循环阈值数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。自助鼻咽灌洗单个采集时间短于鼻咽拭子,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自助鼻咽灌洗采集法和鼻咽拭子采集法两者诊断效率具有高度一致性(Kappa值=0.769)。结论自助鼻咽灌洗采集病毒核酸在临床中是可行的,不仅适用于乙型流感的诊断,同样适用于各种呼吸道感染性疾病。

儿童上呼吸道感染咽拭子标本细菌培养结果及耐药性分析

目的探究某院儿童上呼吸道感染咽拭子标本细菌培养结果及耐药性。方法将2019年8月~2022年9月河南黄河科技学院附属医院收治的上呼吸道感染患儿1053例纳入研究,所有患儿均进行咽拭子标本细菌培养与药敏试验,分析其培养结果及耐药性。结果咽拭子标本涂片质量中,A级共125例,阳性率49.6%;B级共531例,阳性率16.01%;C级共305例,阳性率6.23%;D级92例,阳性率1.09%。1053例咽拭子标本检出阳性167例,检出率为15.86%(167/1053),其中革兰阳性菌检出121株,检出率为72.46%(121/167),革兰阴性菌检出46株,检出率为27.54%(46/167)。本次无真菌检出。革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高为88.43%,革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌检出率最高为43.48%。金黄色葡萄球菌对红霉素耐药性最高,为74.77%,对万古霉素、替考拉宁的敏感性均为100%;铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药性最高,为100%,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、美洛培南敏感性均为100%。大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星耐药性最高,为50%。病原菌耐药菌种的年度趋势分析中,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,趋势为先增后降,2021年检出率最高;其次为大肠埃希菌,2019年~2021年间分布较为平均,呈现逐年散发态势。肺炎链球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、流感嗜血菌为年度无序点状发散(P>0.05)。结论对URTI患儿咽拭子细菌培养及药敏试验,可明确敏感抗生素,提高临床抗菌药用药合理性及安全性。

A Hybrid Parallel Strategy for Isogeometric Topology Optimization via CPU/GPU Heterogeneous Computing

This paper aims to solve large-scale and complex isogeometric topology optimization problems that consumesignificant computational resources. A novel isogeometric topology optimization method with a hybrid parallelstrategy of CPU/GPU is proposed, while the hybrid parallel strategies for stiffness matrix assembly, equationsolving, sensitivity analysis, and design variable update are discussed in detail. To ensure the high efficiency ofCPU/GPU computing, a workload balancing strategy is presented for optimally distributing the workload betweenCPU and GPU. To illustrate the advantages of the proposedmethod, three benchmark examples are tested to verifythe hybrid parallel strategy in this paper. The results show that the efficiency of the hybrid method is faster thanserial CPU and parallel GPU, while the speedups can be up to two orders of magnitude.

Prevalence and features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in prisons in Tuscany

BACKGROUND Prisons can be a reservoir for infectious diseases,including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),due to the very intimate nature of the living spaces and the large number of people forced to share them.AIM To investigate the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology in prisons,this study evaluated the infection incidence rate in prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal swabs.METHODS This is an observational cohort study.Data collection included information on prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for SARS-CoV-2 and the results.Nasopharyngeal swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 were performed between 15 February 2021 and 31 May 2021 for prisoners with symptoms and all new arrivals to the facility.Another section included information on the diagnosis of the disease according to the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision,and Clinical Modification.RESULTS Up until the 31 May 2021,79.2%of the prisoner cohort(n=1744)agreed to a nasopharyngeal swab test(n=1381).Of these,1288 were negative(93.3%)and 85 were positive(6.2%).A significant association[relative risk(RR)]was found only for the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among foreigners compared to Italians[RR=2.4,95%confidence interval(CI):1.2-4.8].A positive association with SARS-CoV-2 infection was also found for inmates with at least one nervous system disorder(RR=4,95%CI:1.8-9.1).The SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate among prisoners is significantly lower than in the general population in Tuscany(standardized incidence ratio 0.7,95%CI:0.6-0.9).CONCLUSION In the prisoner cohort,screening and rapid access to health care for the immigrant population were critical to limiting virus transmission and subsequent morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.

中药冰棒咽部刺激联合神经肌肉电刺激治疗卒中后吞咽障碍患者的效果

目的:探讨中药冰棒咽部刺激联合神经肌肉电刺激治疗卒中后吞咽障碍患者的效果。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年1月该院收治的100例卒中后吞咽障碍患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组与对照组各50例。对照组采用神经肌肉电刺激治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合中药冰棒咽部刺激治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后吞咽功能[洼田饮水试验(WST)、吞咽障碍特异性生存质量量表(SWAL-QOL)]评分、舌骨喉复合体动度(吞咽过程中舌骨、甲状软骨前移及上移的距离)、营养指标[血红蛋白(Hb)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)]水平,以及不良事件发生率。结果:研究组治疗总有效率为94.00%(47/50),高于对照组的80.00%(40/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组WST评分低于对照组,SWAL-QOL评分高于对照组,舌骨和甲状软骨前移、上移动度均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组Hb、PA、ALB水平均高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组不良事件发生率为4.00%(2/50),低于对照组的16.00%(8/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中药冰棒咽部刺激联合神经肌肉电刺激治疗卒中后吞咽障碍患者可提高舌骨喉复合体动度,促进吞咽功能恢复,改善营养状态,降低不良事件发生率,效果优于单用神经肌肉电刺激治疗。

High-efficiency Planting Techniques of Five Crops a Year for Fresh Edible "Faba Bean/Spring Mazie+Soybean-Autumn Maize/Autumn Soybean"

The high-efficiency planting mode for five crops a year of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was introduced, and its yield and economic benefits were compared with the planting mode of three crops a year of ＂faba bean-spring maize/red bean＂. The results showed that the planting method for fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was much easier to operate with the input-output ratio of about185.6%, and its yield and economic benefits were 2.09 and 1.83 times of that of the planting mode for three crops a year, significantly improving the agricultural yield and income of farmers. In addition, the cropping index of the planting mode for fresh edible fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize ＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ reached up to 350%, and planting faba bean once a year and soybean twice a year could make the biological fixation amount of nitrogen increase 350-450kg/m^2, which equaled to up to 700 kg/m^2 of urea, showing significant ecological and social benefits. Based on the comparison results, the high-yield culture techniques of the planting mode of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ were summarized.

阿奇霉素联合大剂量维生素C治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床效果及对外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、炎性因子及相关蛋白的影响

目的探讨阿奇霉素联合大剂量维生素C(VC)治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)的临床效果及对外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、血清白细胞介素(IL)-17、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及外周血单个核细胞E2相关因子2(Nrf2)蛋白和咽拭子P1蛋白的影响。方法选取2020年6月—2023年6月收治的240例MPP患儿作为观察对象,随机分为大剂量VC组、小剂量VC组和对照组,每组80例。对照组予以阿奇霉素治疗,小剂量VC组予以阿奇霉素+小剂量VC治疗,大剂量VC组予以阿奇霉素+大剂量VC治疗,3组均治疗2周。记录3组患儿临床疗效、临床症状持续时间。采集3组治疗前后空腹静脉血和咽拭子。采用流式细胞术检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+));采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清IL-17、hs-CRP、VC;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测外周血单个核细胞Nrf2蛋白和咽拭子P1蛋白mRNA表达水平。记录并对比3组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,大剂量VC组和小剂量VC组发热、咳嗽咯痰、肺部湿啰音持续时间和住院时间均短于对照组,大剂量VC组退热、咳嗽咯痰、肺部湿啰音持续时间和住院时间均短于小剂量VC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患儿外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大剂量VC组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均高于小剂量VC组和对照组,小剂量VC组CD4^(+)水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组血清IL-17、hs-CRP水平均较治疗前下降,大剂量VC组血清IL-17、hs-CRP水平均低于小剂量VC和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);小剂量VC组IL-17、hs-CRP水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大剂量VC组和小剂量VC组血清VC水平较治疗前上升,且大剂量VC组血清VC水平高于小剂量VC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小剂量VC组IL-17、hs-CRP水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组外周血单个核细胞Nrf2、咽拭子P1蛋白mRNA表达水平均较治疗前下降,且大剂量VC组Nrf2 mRNA表达水平高于小剂量VC组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组PI蛋白mRNA表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患儿治疗期间均未出现明显不良反应。结论阿奇霉素联合大剂量VC可有效改善MPP患儿临床症状,提高免疫力,降低IL-17、hs-CRP水平,维持Nrf2 mRNA水平,提高临床疗效,且安全性较高。

鸡传染性贫血(CIA)活疫苗免疫肛拭子排毒规律

为调查鸡传染性贫血(CIA)活疫苗免疫后的排毒规律,本研究在隔离器中免疫CIAV活疫苗,免疫后每隔一周采集肛拭子,持续采样至第7周,检测CIAV疫苗的排毒阳性率。结果显示:CIAV疫苗免疫后第10天排毒率为50%,免疫后第2周排毒率达到高峰为80%,免疫后第6周排毒率下降至27.27%,第7周不排毒,本研究为CIAV感染的监测提供了数据支持。

误诊为急性扁桃体炎的传染性单核细胞增多症五例分析

目的探讨传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)的临床特点、误诊为急性扁桃体炎的原因及减少误诊的方法。方法回顾性分析2020年2月至2024年1月收治5例被误诊为急性扁桃体炎的IM患儿资料。结果3例因咽喉肿痛、发热2~4 d收治入院,2例因咽喉肿痛3~5 d、颈部肿胀疼痛2 d入院。5例均被误诊为急性扁桃体炎,误诊时间1~4 d。5例给予急性扁桃体炎对症支持治疗后未见好转,复查血常规,并行咽拭子培养和EBV抗体检测,最终确诊为IM。确诊后给予阿昔洛韦抗病毒等对症支持治疗后,患儿痊愈出院。结论IM的临床症状与急性扁桃体炎非常相似,容易被误诊。提高医师的临床思维能力及对IM的认知度,熟练掌握该病与急性扁桃体炎的鉴别诊断要点,并完善相关检查,有利于降低误诊率。

实时荧光PCR检测在支原体肺炎诊断中的应用价值分析

目的探讨在支原体肺炎诊断中选择实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)检测的价值,并分析该方案的诊断效能。方法选取2022年8月—2023年10月来宾市人民医院收治的1200例疑似支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象,所有患儿均采集血清和呼吸道分泌物,用化学发光法测定血清中肺炎支原体抗体,用实时荧光PCR法检测呼吸道分泌物中的肺炎支原体核酸(Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Nucleic Acid,MP-DNA),以病原学检查结果为金标准,对比各个方案的诊断效能,分析不同年龄段患儿的肺炎支原体DNA检测结果。结果实时荧光PCR检测灵敏度(99.36%)、特异度(98.08%)、准确度(99.08%)、阳性预测值(99.36%)、阴性预测值(98.08%)高于MP血清学方法检测,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.312、7.686、23.788、7.595、16.119,P均<0.05)。结论在支原体肺炎诊断中应用实时荧光PCR检测方案可提高准确率,同时该方案具有早期、快速、简便等优势,可为临床医师制定治疗方案提供参考。

Application of Power Electronics Converters in Renewable Energy

Against the backdrop of global energy shortages and increasingly severe environmental pollution,renewable energy is gradually becoming a significant direction for future energy development.Power electronics converters,as the core technology for energy conversion and control,play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and stability of renewable energy systems.This paper explores the basic principles and functions of power electronics converters and their specific applications in photovoltaic power generation,wind power generation,and energy storage systems.Additionally,it analyzes the current innovations in high-efficiency energy conversion,multilevel conversion technology,and the application of new materials and devices.By studying these technologies,the aim is to promote the widespread application of power electronics converters in renewable energy systems and provide theoretical and technical support for achieving sustainable energy development.