Study on the Influence of Farmer Social Capital on Cooperative Supply Willingness of Agricultural Disaster Reduction Public Goods——Based on the Investigation on 515 Farmers

Based on social capital theory,related factors of three dimensions( structure dimension,cognition dimension and relation dimension) of farmer social capital are taken as independent variables,and famer's willingness to cooperatively supply agricultural disaster reduction public goods is taken as dependent variable. Taking 515 farmers in 27 villages of Hubei Province as investigation objects,the influence of farmer social capital on cooperative supply willingness of agricultural disaster reduction public goods is explored by Logistic regression model. Research results show that social solidarity,common value concept,social trust and reciprocal content have positive impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply,while annual household income,number of agricultural disaster reduction public goods and social network have negative impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply.

Enhancing the Performance of Consumer Goods Firms through the Equity Capital in Nigeria(2011-2021)

This study examined whether or not equity capital enhances the performance of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria.The study purposively sampled fourteen(14)out of twenty-one(21)consumer goods firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group Plc.The study used secondary sources to obtain panel data from the annual financial statements of the selected companies.Data sourced for were analyzed using random effects model and arithmetical means.Findings from the study revealed that the coefficient of share capital is positive(0.903050)and statistically significant(p=0.0099<0.05),but the beta value of retained earnings is negative(−0.683966)and significant(p=0.0023<0.05)for listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria.The average results found that 45%and 7%of total assets of the firms were financed by retained earnings and share capital respectively.The study confirmed that the appropriate mode of finance that could be considered for the effective performance of the firms in Nigeria is the share capital.The study concluded that share capital enhanced the performance of firms while the retained earnings did not in the country.The research recommended that the government of Nigeria should try to rebrand its dead local enterprises especially the affected consumer goods firms to enable them to attract more foreign investors into the country to enhance its economic growth.

The Rural Elite and the Supply of Public Goods in Rural Areas

Based on the theory of collective action and social capital theory,social capital is introduced into the game analysis of the supply of public goods between the rural elite and ordinary villagers.I establish the income model of public goods utility concerning the rural elite and ordinary villagers;research the incentive of social capital for the rural elite and villagers,and impact of social capital on the rural elite and villagers.Three inferences can be drawn from the model:the precondition for the elite to prompt the collective cooperation is having " good reputation" ;" good reputation" of the elite in the supply of public goods can abate farmers' motive of " free rider" ;the role of the elite in organizing the supply of public goods can save the transaction costs in the process of collective action.Taking the case of Shunhe Village,Panyu District,Guangzhou City,I explain this model.Finally,some policy recommendations are put forth as follows:rebuilding the community credit;giving full play to the role of the rural elite in the supply of public goods in rural areas.

Net Outflow of Rural Capital in China:1978-2012

This paper investigates the mechanism, scale, and development tendencies of capital flow between China＇s rural and urban areas over 35 years of reform and opening up. The following conclusions are reached. First, between 1978 and2012, the net capital flow from rural areas to urban areas through the fiscal and financial systems and the price scissors of industrial and agricultural goods amounted to RMB 26. 66 trillion （by 2012price level）. Second, prior to 1994, the outflow of rural capital continued accelerating; starting from the late 1990s, the net outflow of rural capital slowed down but the overall scale remained significant. Third, the contributions by the three capital flow channels （the fiscal system, financial institutions, and the price scissors of agricultural and industrial products） to the net outflow of rural capital varied greatly across different historical periods： prior to the establishment of the market economic system （1978-1993）, most of the rural capital left the countryside in the form of price scissors of agricultural and industrial goods; during the 15 years after the establishment of the market economic system in China （1994-2007）, rural capital flowed into cities mainly through the fiscal system; with the market-oriented reform of the rural financial systems in recent years （2008-2012）, financial institutions became a major channel for the extraction of rural capital. Based on our study, we believe that in the course of more than three decades of reform and opening up, China was in the stage of extracting rural capital and that the contemporary China should enter into a new stage of development by diverting resources to the countryside to support its development. Our recommendation is that the existing fiscal and financial policies be adjusted to boost fiscal spending on agriculture, farmers, and the countryside, and to establish an inclusive, modern rural financial system.

DESIGN FOR AVAILABILITY:A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO CREATE VALUE FOR MANUFACTURERS AND CUSTOMERS OF CAPITAL GOODS

This research introduces a holistic framework called Design for Availablhty that uses me principles of Lean Sigma and Design for X to cost-effectively optimize the availability of capital goods （i.e., technical systems used in the production of end-products or -services such as medical systems, airplanes, and manufacturing equipment） throughout their entire lifetime. Manufacturers require such a framework because users of capital goods increasingly insist on high system availability levels against reduced lifetime costs. The Design for Availability framework allows manufacturers to determine the current status of system availability and associated lifetime costs, and to identify opportunities to create additional value for themselves and their customers. A case study at a global manufacturer of capital goods in the food processing industry illustrates how the framework can be used in practice and to what extent the manufacturer and customers may profit from applying Design for Availability.

Empirical Research on the Influence of Marine High-end Human Resources on Marine Knowledge Innovation——With Organizational Incentive and Technological Innovation as Mediating Variable

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the intermediary role of policy incentives and marine technological innovation in marine high-end human capital promoting marine knowledge innovation.Previous studies on the impact of marine high-end human capital on marine knowledge innovation mainly focused on the direct impact of marine high-end human capital on marine knowledge innovation,while ignoring the role of intermediary variables.Based on 512 sample survey data from 138 organizations in 16 coastal cities of China,this paper uses structural equation model to examine the relationship between high-end human capital and policy incentives,technological innovation and marine knowledge innovation.The research shows that marine high-end human capital has an impact on marine knowledge innovation through policy incentives and marine technology innovation.Policy incentives and marine technology innovation play a full intermediary role in the relationship between marine high-end human capital and marine knowledge innovation.

企业研发经费的就业效应——基于制造业资本品上下游行业的空间计量分析

加大企业研发经费(R&D经费)投入会对就业产生何种影响是非常值得关注的问题。本文首先建立了基于研发而形成的资本品上下游行业模型,从理论上分析企业R&D经费对就业的影响。然后,基于我国2012—2021年制造业行业数据,运用空间计量的方法对企业R&D经费的就业规模总效应和上下游行业就业结构变化进行实证检验。研究发现:我国企业R&D经费对就业规模总效应不显著;但资本品上游行业企业R&D经费增加会负向影响下游行业就业,使上游行业就业占比增加,发生就业结构上迁。异质性分析表明,设备型上游行业组的就业结构上迁效应明显。机制分析表明,上游行业产品创新增加促进了下游行业的资本品使用,对下游行业劳动力产生替代,促使就业结构向上迁移。研究结论对优化创新和就业政策、减缓摩擦性失业有一定现实意义和参考价值。

数字化生存的双重逻辑及其限度

数字经济的崛起及与之相伴随的数字技术的更新换代共同推动了当代社会生产方式、生活方式的剧烈变革。人类在体验数字技术广泛应用带来的便捷和高效的同时,也深陷数字化生存之网。时间和空间的被剥夺、社会凝聚力的消解以及算法技术的隐蔽操控,凡此种种显示了数字技术对当代人类生存世界的深度介入和重塑。在资本主义生产方式下,垄断资本的过剩积累、低利率环境下金融资本对数字基础设施的投资以及借助信息控制市场的迫切需要,既造就了数字化生存的历史性生成,也彰显了数字化生存背后的资本逻辑。立足于唯物史观的历史性视域,数字化生存既有其来历,也存在着自身的限度。对数字化生存的思考必须立足于把握资本逻辑与数字技术相互勾连的内在机制之基础上。

数字经济对体育用品制造企业创新绩效的影响研究

数字经济能够提升企业创新绩效赋能体育制造业高质量发展,推进我国从“制造大国”迈向“智造强国”。该研究基于2011—2021年我国省(区、市)数字经济数据与沪深A股体育用品制造业上市企业数据,探究了数字经济对企业创新绩效的微观影响及作用机制。影响结果表明,数字经济能显著提升体育用品制造企业创新绩效,这一结论在经过一系列的稳健性检验后依然成立;作用机制结果表明,数字经济可通过人力资本优化、商业模式创新两种方式提升体育用品制造企业创新绩效;异质性分析表明,数字经济对资本密集型企业、技术密集型企业和劳动密集型企业创新绩效均有正向显著影响,影响效果呈现依次递减的梯度布局。针对上述结果,该研究提出了以下建议:强化数字经济发展思维,加强数字经济与体育用品制造企业融合发展;企业应加大对高技能人力资本的培育和引进,加强员工数字技能的培训和提升;企业应重视商业模式创新,为实现企业长效创新机制提供助力;立足不同企业自身要素特点,“因企而宜”地推进数字经济对其创新发展的影响策略。

资本逻辑批判与生态文明建构的三重内涵

从政治经济学批判的视角来看,资本逻辑呈现为现代资本主义社会的生产关系中处于支配地位的客体化过程。资本制造了人类对自然的奴役,生态危机是资本逻辑运行的必然结果。解决生态危机需要超越工业文明的发展范式转向生态文明,通过构建以系统性、整体性为视角的生态世界观、以良好生态为发展基础的生态良好观和以多样化、精神化为需求的生态幸福观推动人们重塑生态思维和生态价值,进而探求构建生态文明新形态的发展路径。

“四好农村路”背景下的农村公路养护信息化建设策略

文章针对农村公路养护方面存在的痛点,结合农村公路养护信息化管理现状,通过搭建“农路一张图+数据一个网+信息一个共享机制+多个数据分析应用系统”养护信息化结构框架模型,提出建设“四好农村路”过程中,开展信息化建设提升养护水平的农村公路养护管理新策略,以期推动农村公路养护体制改革,更好地服务于经济社会的发展。

生态补偿机制的理论分析

利用经济学的相关理论,对生态产品的三大特性(产品外部性、公共产品及生态资本性)进行了分析,从而为生态效益补偿机制的建立提供了一个较为客观的理论依据。

学区房溢价新探——基于北京市城六区重复截面数据的实证分析

基于北京市城六区二手房的重复截面数据,本文估计了重点小学对应的学区房相对于非学区房的溢价。混合OLS模型估计结果表明,在控制了房屋特征、楼盘特征、行政区划和区位指数等特征的情况下,市重点和区重点学区房分别比非学区房的出售价格高出18.4%和5.4%。这种"以房择校"式的就近入学只是将择校费转移到了学区房的价格上,而且可能加剧不同社会阶层在空间上的"居住群分效应"。打破这一局面的根本出路在于促进义务教育资源供给的均衡,缩小不同学校在质量上的差距。

乡村振兴从哪里来到哪里去？--基于资本逻辑反思和美好生活创造的思考

文章在反思以资本逻辑制导社会发展给乡村带来的系列问题的基础上,将创造美好生活作为乡村振兴的出发点和归宿,构建乡村振兴的路径模式。深思资本逻辑独大的发展方式,可以发现,不仅城市的市场资本积累将乡村土地、劳动力和货币组织到城市,而且资本逻辑下乡支配乡村发展致使乡村产生外部依赖性,无法带动乡村长兴。十九大报告对新阶段社会矛盾的新定位表明,美好生活的创造应当成为乡村振兴的出发点和归宿。鉴于美好生活需求的全面性和高质量要求,乡村振兴之路需要从经济增长扩展到对美好生活的全面供给。未来中国乡村振兴应选择经济资本积累、社会资本复建、文化资本培育和生态资本修复同步推进并内在交融的路径模式。

区域粮食生产中的农业生产资料灰色关联分析与预测

根据统计数据和经济区划结果,运用灰色理论量化东、中、西部地区粮食总产量与农业生产资料的灰色关联程度,并分析其动态变化情况和区域差异;应用灰色预测模型预测东、中、西部地区2010年和2020年各项农业生产资料数量,为今后农业生产资料合理利用提供参考。表2,参8。

基于企业社会资本的体育用品制造业产业集群发展战略研究

企业社会资本是一种来自于社会关系网络的竞争能力,是产业集群提高竞争力的根源和本质。对体育用品制造业社会资本与产业集群的关系进行了研究,并指出产业集群是获取企业社会资本的有效途径和实践方式,而由此产生的企业组织网络能有效改善企业的社会关系,形成企业社会资本,为体育用品制造业的发展提供更有利的外部环境。

“一带一路”背景下全球中间品、资本品贸易空间格局分析——基于2000～2015年BEC分类贸易数据

利用复杂网络分析方法 ,对2000~2015年技术含量较高的零部件中间品和成套机器设备等资本品的贸易空间格局进行分析,结果表明:全球中间品、资本品贸易网络形态属于异配网络,多数国家贸易关系多,但贸易强度较大的国家很少,且存在"富人俱乐部"现象;金融危机对贸易网络的影响程度较大,造成了整体贸易网络的萎缩;核心-半边缘-边缘分析显示,层次结构分布较为稳定,内部存在调整,主要表现于北美贸易区核心度呈下降趋势,以美国下降最为显著,而新型经济体呈快速上升,如中国和韩国,印度和越南等"一带一路"沿线国家贸易核心度上升幅度较快。

中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率变化及其影响因素研究

基于2004～2011年14个省区的面板数据，测算中国体育用品制造业的M almquist生产率指数的结果显示，全要素生产率总体上呈现增长态势，年均增长3．1％，全要素生产率增长的主要动力来自技术进步，技术效率特别是规模效率产生了制约作用。基于动态面板模型的影响因素分析结果显示，发明专利授权量对全要素生产率增长有显著负向影响，而企业规模、人力资本和人均文教娱乐消费支出有显著正向影响。因此，提升中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率的基本思路在于，加大研发投入和人力资本投资，促进技术水平与人力资本的稳步提升；扩大企业规模，走规模化和集约化并重的发展道路。

首都圈地震活动完整性震级时空分布特征研究

根据首都圈活动构造展布特征,将首都圈划分为西区、中区、东区三个地区,采用拟合效果测试法计算首都圈及各分区1970年以来最小完整性震级随时间的变化,并且依据各研究区域随时间的变化特征,将各研究区域从时间上划分为三个研究时段,分别研究各时段最小完整性震级的空间分布特征。研究表明,各时段的最小完整性震级在空间上具有明显的差异性,而且2000年以来各研究区域的最小完整性震级趋于稳定,MC均能控制在ML2.0以内。