Spatial Organization of Innovation in the Oil Equipment Manufacturing Industry: Case of Dongying, China

As innovation and technological change have become increasingly important for the competitiveness and sustainable growth of firms,cooperative innovation is now crucial for traditional industries in the context of globalization.This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the spatial pattern of cooperative innovation for traditional industries in developing countries.Based on in-depth interviews with 35 firms in the oil equipment manufacturing industry in Dongying City,China,this study argues that different firms in the innovation pyramid have various innovation activity preferences and spatial patterns.Firms with high innovation abilities tend to cooperate with various partners that are geographically dispersed and continuously expanding,while firms with inferior abilities usually cooperate with nearby fixed partners.Due to the differences in innovation environment and actor locations,firms tend to make different choices regarding innovation types and models,which highlight the importance of personnel training and basic scientific research at the global scale and practical product research and development at the national scale.Additionally,talent flow is the most important way to realize relationships for firm innovation activity.

Study on Contribution Degrees of Hubei Equipment Manufacturing Industry to the National Economy

The paper analyses and researches the contribution degrees of Hubei equipment manufacturing industry to the national economy. Using econometric methods, it carries out regression and empirical research, and finds that the contributions of Hubei equipment manufacturing industry to the national economy is very obvious in recent years, however there is plenty of room for development.

Application and Analysis of Advanced Manufacturing Technology in Track Equipment Manufacturing Industry

With the rapid development of global transportation track equipment, the running speed of modern rail transit equipment keeps refreshing records. High-speed EMUs, inter-city EMUs and urban rail vehicles have become the main types of domestic passenger transport vehicles, especially the lightweight production and manufacture of high-speed EMUs and urban rail vehicles, which are the main topics of railway transport modernization research and discussion. Track manufacturing is a successful example of China's industrial transformation and strategic restructuring through systematic innovation since the reform and opening up. In this paper, the application of some advanced manufacturing technologies in the track equipment manufacturing industry and the opportunities and challenges faced by the whole track equipment manufacturing industry were mainly studied, hoping to provide some help for the development of the track equipment manufacturing industry in China.

Technological Innovation Efficiency Evaluation of Equipment Manufacturing Industry--An Empirical Study of Shandong Province in China

Based on the statistical data of eight sub-sectors of equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province from 2012-2016,DEA and Malmquist index were used to give the static and dynamic evaluation of technological innovation efficiency.The results show that the overall technological innovation efficiency of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry is higher due to the high pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.As the technical regress and inefficient allocation of resources deepened,the total factor productivity of Shandong equipment manufacturing industry presents a dropped tendency.According to the innovation efficiency and its changes,different industries should adopt the specific development strategies.

Research on technology innovation capability of equipment manufacturing industry in Shanghai

Equipment manufacturing industry is an important symbol to measure the industrial strength, scientific and technological innovation ability and international competitiveness of a country or region. Firstly, this paper analyzes the development status of equipment manufacturing industry in Shanghai, and then uses DEA to analyze the efficiency of technology innovation capability of equipment manufacturing industry in Shanghai. The results show that the equipment manufacturing industry in Shanghai has stronger overall drawing ability, and besides, the technology innovation ability of the transportation equipment manufacturing industry is weak, other equipment manufacturing sub industries have relatively strong ability of technological innovation. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the transportation equipment manufacturing industry and gives guidance and puts forward corresponding suggestions and measures.

The Competitive Advantages Status and PromotionPathfor Liaoning Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises

企业竞争优势依赖于其所生存的环境,金融危机爆发之后的经济下行使装备制造企业竞争优势的来源发生了根本性的改变.通过对辽宁9 家企业的问卷调查,探究了辽宁装备制造企业的竞争优势现状,厘清了竞争优势维度对财务绩效的不同作用,进一步研究了竞争优势的提升路径.研究表明：经济下行对企业竞争优势的影响较大;目前竞争优势主要来源于低成本优势和新产品研发优势,但近年来新产品研发得到了较快的发展,而成本优势正在大幅减弱;产品开发、技术资源、软件和市场份额对总资产报酬率影响较大,而成本、与用户信任程度关系、质量和Y R IN技术资源对销售利润率影响较大;产品开发、成本、服务、与用户信任程度和性能是企业需要关注的重点.

The Analysis of Logistics Strategic Type of Northeastern Equipment Manufacture Industry

Logistics strategy has very important function to the development of old industrial base of equipment manufacture industry in the northeast, logistics strategic type is an important component of logistics strategy. The understanding of it will contributes to enterprise make suitable logistics strategy according to one＇s own actual conditions, to plan long-term development, and then establish an unassailable position during keen competition nowadays.

The Condition of Fostering Core Competitiveness of Equipment Manufacture Industry in Our Country

The equipment manufacture industry occupies the important position in our national economy, and the research on its core competitiveness is an important aspect of protecting the healthy development of equipment manufacture industry. Researches on core competitiveness of equipment manufacture industry are to cultivate, strengthen and perfect enterprise＇s core competitiveness and bring about the advance to enterprise.

Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies for Smart andOptimal Manufacturing in the Process Industry

Given the significant requirements for transforming and promoting the process industry, we present themajor limitations of current petrochemical enterprises, including limitations in decision-making, produc-tion operation, efficiency and security, information integration, and so forth. To promote a vision of theprocess industry with efficient, green, and smart production, modern information technology should beutilized throughout the entire optimization process for production, management, and marketing. To focuson smart equipment in manufacturing processes, as well as on the adaptive intelligent optimization of themanufacturing process, operating mode, and supply chain management, we put forward several key scien-tific problems in engineering in a demand-driven and application-oriented manner, namely：intelligentsensing and integration of all process information, including production and management information; collaborative decision-making in the supply chain, industry chain, and value chain, driven by knowledge; cooperative control and optimization of plant-wide production processes via human-cyber-physical in-teraction; and Q life-cycle assessments for safety and environmental footprint monitoring, in addition totracing analysis and risk control. In order to solve these limitations and core scientific problems, we furtherpresent fundamental theories and key technologies for smart and optimal manufacturing in the processindustry. Although this paper discusses the process industry in China, the conclusions in this paper can beextended to the larocess industry around the world.

Industry 4.0: Architecture and Equipment Revolution

The development of science and technology has led to the era of Industry 4.0.The core concept is the combination of“material and informationization”.In the supply chain and manufacturing process,the“material”of the physical entity world is realized by data,identity,intelligence,and information.Industry 4.0 is a disruptive transformation and upgrade of intelligent industrialization based on the Internet-of-Things and Big Data in traditional industrialization.The goal is“maximizing production efficiency,minimizing production costs,and maximizing the individual needs of human beings for products and services.”Achieving this goal will surely bring about a major leap in the history of the industry,which will lead to the“Fourth Industrial Revolution.”This paper presents a detailed discussion of industrial big data,strategic roles,architectures,characteristics,and four types of innovative business models that can generate profits for enterprises.The key revolutionary aspect of Industry 4.0 is explained,which is the equipment revolution.Six important attributes of equipment are explained under the Industry 4.0 perspective.

A Study on Enterprise Strategy Based on Industry Innovation in Electric Generating Set Manufacture Industry

Restrictive factors of Chinese generating set equipment manufacturing industry innovation includes technical introduction restraint, system restraint, enterprise resources, ability restraint and resources disperser restraint. In the future, based on industrial innovation, generating set manufacture enterprise＇s strategic choice, strategies on industry innovation of Chinese generating set manufacturing industry are proposed. There are a lot of means can help, as well as developing many kinds of clean energies and realizing industrial reforming, extending service pattern, promoting industry innovation level, enhancing ability of enterprise＇s continuous development and accelerating industry＇s innovation.

长三角地区数字经济对高端装备制造业高质量发展的影响研究——基于有调节的中介效应分析

借助数字经济实现高端装备制造业高质量发展是中国式现代化建设的重要议题。本文基于长三角地区面板数据,利用有调节的中介效应模型检验了数字经济对高端装备制造业高质量发展的影响。结果发现:数字经济可以显著促进高端装备制造业高质量发展,稳健性检验后仍然成立;数字经济通过技术创新正向促进高端装备制造业高质量发展,且技术创新发挥部分中介效应;政府支持对技术创新的中介效应发挥正向调节作用;进一步异质性检验发现,数字经济对不同地区、不同细分行业高质量发展的影响存在显著差异。最后,从三个方面提出相关建议:构建全方位的区域协调发展机制,提升融合效能;聚焦重点领域,推动核心技术突破创新;聚焦制度创新,释放政策红利。

轨道交通装备制造业创新组织演进机理研究

本文以中国轨道交通装备制造业为案例,基于“组合赋能-创新组织演进-创新模式升级-创新能力提升-产业技术进步”分析框架,探究制造业创新组织演进及其影响。结果表明:①创新组织演进经历了创新系统、创新生态系统和创新联合体依次递进的3个阶段;②与创新组织演进同步,创新模式实现了从合作创新到协同创新再到融通创新的升级;③伴随着创新组织演进和创新模式升级,技术创新能力发展经历了技术吸收能力、技术改造能力、集成创新能力和数字化创新能力4个阶段,同时制造能力发展经历了从基础制造能力、国产化能力、整机制造能力到智能制造能力的逐级跃升;④产业依托创新系统完成了技术“跟跑”,依托创新生态系统实现了技术“并跑”,依托创新联合体则取得了技术“领跑”;⑤创新组织演进是“有为政府”和“有效市场”组合赋能的结果。轨道交通装备制造业创新组织演进机理研究既能丰富产学研融合创新理论体系,也为其他高端制造业突破关键核心技术国际封锁提供理论启示。

“一带一路”背景下装备制造业国际化技术技能人才培养策略探析

我国装备制造业在高质量共建“一带一路”中发挥着关键作用,然而,装备制造业国际化技术技能人才短缺制约了我国装备制造业的国际化进程。高校作为人才培养的主阵地,可从加快教学模式与国际接轨的进程、加强师资队伍国际化建设、提升实践教学国际化水平、培养学生的国际化素养、建立行业国际导师制度等方面培养具备国际视野、专业技术能力、跨文化沟通与协作能力、创新与学习能力、适应与调整能力的装备制造业国际化技术技能人才。

高端装备制造业贸易强度如何影响出口技术复杂度?——基于中国-东盟样本数据的分析

文章基于2010-2020年中国与东盟国家高端装备制造业贸易网络,运用高维固定效应模型考察高端装备制造行业贸易强度对出口技术复杂度的影响。研究结果显示:中国与东盟国家间的贸易强度对一国高端装备制造业出口技术复杂度的提升具有显著的正向影响,且贸易开放、技术创新是重要的作用机制。相较于轨道交通装备行业,贸易强度对航空装备、卫星及应用等其他领域的高端装备出口技术复杂度的提升效果更为显著。由此提出合理布局区域贸易网络、深化贸易开放和重视技术创新等对策建议,为推动我国高端装备制造业技术升级提供思路借鉴。

装备制造业产业链、创新链、人才链“三链”耦合机制和协调研究——以陕西省为例

基于2013—2021年陕西省数据,通过构建陕西省装备制造业“三链”评价指标体系,运用耦合协调度模型和灰色关联度模型探究装备制造业“三链”的耦合协调度等级和耦合协调作用机制。结果发现:(1)陕西省装备制造业“三链”耦合协调发展状况总体稳定但存在波动性;(2)西安市装备制造业的耦合协调度处于中级水平,其余9个地级市耦合协调水平普遍偏低,呈现关中、陕南、陕北逐次降低的特征;(3)灰色关联度的测算和分析表明,总体上产业链、创新链和人才链之间发展关系密切,均处于高度关联的阶段。

基于主体基建模(ABM)的中国智能制造装备产业演化研究

智能制造装备面向的是具有复杂决策机制的制造企业,因此其产业演化规律相较于其他新兴产业有更强的特殊性。目前中国智能制造装备的市场份额较少、缺乏竞争优势,智能制造装备企业难以实现可持续发展。因此,在关键核心技术短期无法突破场景下,探讨政府高效推动智能制造装备市场结构变化、对智能制造装备产业演化的作用机制。通过问卷调查收集智能制造装备市场真实数据,在主体基建模方法(ABM)框架下构建国内外智能制造装备企业决策模型与制造企业决策模型,模拟智能制造装备产业演化过程,分析智能制造装备企业数量、市场需求数量和市场需求分布等市场结构核心参量变化特征,并进一步探究不同扶持政策对产业演化的作用效果。结果发现:在智能制造装备产业演化过程中,市场需求结构的变化是改变国产智能制造装备企业市场份额的关键要素,国产智能制造装备企业市场需求数量经历“增长—下跌—再增长”3个阶段,市场需求在空间上呈“分散—集聚—扩散”分布;在无外部力量干预的情境下,国产智能制造装备企业的市场份额存在显著的持续下降趋势,无论是面向市场需求数量还是面向产品质量提升的政策措施都有利于提升国产智能制造装备企业在产业中的市场状况;不同的政策策略对产业演化进程产生的效果不同,面向产品质量提升的政策对提升国产智能制造装备企业的市场份额效果更显著。

轨道交通装备制造业产业链韧性及其形成机制

以轨道交通装备制造业为研究对象,基于价值链视角解析产业链韧性内涵、维度,并进一步探究其形成机制。研究发现:产业链韧性是一个产业长期积累形成的,在技术、生产和市场等方面具备的抵抗冲击并及时恢复和更新的能力;解构产业链韧性,提炼出技术韧性、生产韧性、市场韧性3个维度;阐释产业链韧性形成机制,即政策、人才、资金、数字四要素独立赋能或者在平台机制下协同赋能产业基础能力,进而促进产业链韧性形成。最后,基于向内溯源的思路揭示产业链韧性形成的根本底层逻辑,为深化基于中国产业情境的相关理论提供参考。

社会网络嵌入对高端装备制造业企业协同创新的影响:基于产业联盟关系的作用

社会网络嵌入是提升企业协同创新水平的驱动因素。本文基于327家高端装备制造业企业的调研数据,探讨了社会网络嵌入对企业协同创新的影响机制。研究结果表明:社会网络嵌入(结构嵌入、关系嵌入和认知嵌入)对高端装备制造业企业协同创新具有显著正向影响;产业联盟关系(关系强度和关系持久度)正向调节社会网络嵌入(结构嵌入、关系嵌入和认知嵌入)与高端装备制造业企业协同创新之间的关系。本文研究揭示了高端装备制造业企业协同创新水平提升的路径,为促进产业高质量发展提供了借鉴和参考。