The collision induced dissociation (CID) of H+2 ion colliding with He target has been measured by Williams andDunbar[1] and Suzuki et al.[2] in the keV energy region. In Ref. [1], the CID cross sections decrease monot...The collision induced dissociation (CID) of H+2 ion colliding with He target has been measured by Williams andDunbar[1] and Suzuki et al.[2] in the keV energy region. In Ref. [1], the CID cross sections decrease monotonouslywith decreasing energy. But the energy dependency of the CID results in Ref. [2] is different with that in Ref. [1].At energies below 1 keV, no experimental results are available for integral cross sections. On the theoretical side,Furlan and Russek[3] have investigated the electron capture (EC), CID and excitation processes in the few keVenergy region. Their calculations are performed by the straight-line trajectory method based on the ab initiomolecular structure. A three-state approximation is employed in their calculations. Their CID cross sections areseveral times smaller than the experimental results. We present the quantum-mechanical molecular orbital closecoupling (QMOCC) calculations[4] for the CID process of the H+2 + He collision.展开更多
The azimuthal distributions of final-state particles and fragments produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are described by a modified multisource ideal gas model which contains the expansions and movements...The azimuthal distributions of final-state particles and fragments produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are described by a modified multisource ideal gas model which contains the expansions and movements of the emission sources. The transverse structures of the sources are given in the transverse plane by momentum components Px and Py, and described by parameters in the model. The results of the azimuthal distributions, calculated by the Monte Carlo method, are in good agreement with the experimental data in nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies.展开更多
Dynamical fluctuation of target evaporated black particles is investigated in both forward and backward hemispheres within the framework of multi-dimensional factorial moment methodology using the brilliant concept of...Dynamical fluctuation of target evaporated black particles is investigated in both forward and backward hemispheres within the framework of multi-dimensional factorial moment methodology using the brilliant concept of the Hurst exponent. We analyse the black particles emitted in ^32S-AgBr interactions at 200AGeV and it is evident that the dynamical fluctuation in the backward hemisphere is self-affine. In the forward hemisphere, dynamical fluctuation is self-similar but not self-affine. However, study indicates that the fluctuation in the forward hemisphere is more pronounced than that in backward hemisphere.展开更多
A Monte Carlo simulation based on the classical binary collision approximation is performed to investigate the interaction of W2 ions with the carbon target. The incident H2^＋ ion is characterized by its translationa...A Monte Carlo simulation based on the classical binary collision approximation is performed to investigate the interaction of W2 ions with the carbon target. The incident H2^＋ ion is characterized by its translational energy, eigenenergy and population of the vibrational state, and orientation of the ion with respect to the target surface. It is shown that experimentally determined energy resolved mass spectrum of H＋ can be nicely reproduced with the help of the proposed model. These simulations predict that translational to vibrational （T → V） energy transfer efficiency increases nonlinearly with translational energy of the incident ion. T → V energy transfer efficiency along with the initial vibrational energy of the incident H＋ ion found to play an important role in dissociation. Our simulations also show that the fraction of absorbed, reflected, and dissociated ions depends on the translational energy. The average vibrational energy of reflected H＋ increases with its initial translational energy. Moreover, average number of collisions required for dissociation varies inversely with the initial translational energy of the H2^＋.展开更多
The final-state energy spectrum in the electromagnetic dissociation is calculated by asimple method.The final-state energy curves obtained from the calculation are in agreementwith the experimental data of <sup>...The final-state energy spectrum in the electromagnetic dissociation is calculated by asimple method.The final-state energy curves obtained from the calculation are in agreementwith the experimental data of <sup>28</sup>Si into p+<sup>27</sup>Al at an energy of 14.6 GeV/u.展开更多
In this paper, we studied the process of dissociation unimolecular of the evaporation of H+2n+1 hydrogen clusters according to size, using the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory. The rate constants k(E) were ...In this paper, we studied the process of dissociation unimolecular of the evaporation of H+2n+1 hydrogen clusters according to size, using the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory. The rate constants k(E) were determined with the use of statistical theory of unimolecular reactions using various approximations. In our work, we used the products frequencies instead of transitions frequencies in the calculation of unimolecular dissociation rates obtained by three models RRKM. The agreement between the experimental cross section ratio and calculated rate ratio with direct count approximation seems to be reasonable.展开更多
Liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry possesses both the MS^n ability of ion trap and the excellent resolution of a time-of-flight and has been widely used to identify drug metabolites...Liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry possesses both the MS^n ability of ion trap and the excellent resolution of a time-of-flight and has been widely used to identify drug metabolites and determine trace multi-components in natural products. Collision energy, one of the most important factors in acquiring MS^n information, could be set freely in the range of 10%–400%. Herein, notoginsenosides were chosen as model compounds to build a novel methodology for the collision energy optimization. Firstly, the fragmental patterns of the representatives for the authentic standards of protopanaxadiol-type and protopanaxatriol-type notoginsenosides were obtained based on accurate MS^2 and MS^3 measurements via liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The extracted ion chromatograms of characteristic product ions of notoginsenosides in Panax Notoginseng Extract were produced under a series of collision energies and compared to screen the optimum collision energies values for MS^2 and MS^3. The results demonstrated that the qualitative capability of liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was greatly influenced by collision energies, and 50% of MS^2 collision energy was found to produce the highest collision-induced dissociation efficiency for notoginsenosides. Addtionally, the highest collision-induced dissociation efficiency appeared when the collision energy was set at 75% in the MS^3 stage.展开更多
The dissociative ionization of CO2 induced by 5 keV electrons in two-body and three-body dissociative channels of CO2＋2 and CO3＋2 is identified by the ion-ion coincidence- method using a momentum imaging spectromete...The dissociative ionization of CO2 induced by 5 keV electrons in two-body and three-body dissociative channels of CO2＋2 and CO3＋2 is identified by the ion-ion coincidence- method using a momentum imaging spectrometer. The partial ionization cross sections （PICSs） of different ionic fragments are measured and the results generally agree with the calculations made by a semi-empirical approach. Furthermore, the PICSs of the dissociative channels are also obtained by carefully considering the detection efficiency of the micro-channel plates and the total transmission efficiency of the time of flight system.展开更多
Phospholipids are the major building blocks of the biological membranes. Additionally, phospholipids modulate membrane trafficking and metabolites derived from their
The definitions of density function and moment of multiplicity distribution are introduced,and the method of moment analysis in e+ e- and proton-proton (pp) interactions is extended into nu-cleus-nucleus (AA) interact...The definitions of density function and moment of multiplicity distribution are introduced,and the method of moment analysis in e+ e- and proton-proton (pp) interactions is extended into nu-cleus-nucleus (AA) interactions. We analyze the data for relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions and cal-culate the values of Hq for charged particle multiplicity distributions, by which we study systematically the dependences of Hq on incident energy, mass of colliding system, pseudorapidity interval, centrality and truncation of multiplicity. We compare the oscillation structures induced by e + e-, pp and AA inter-actions, and the comparison and analysis are carried out between experimental data and QCD predic-tion. The latest results are given in this paper.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (11004014, 10979007)
文摘The collision induced dissociation (CID) of H+2 ion colliding with He target has been measured by Williams andDunbar[1] and Suzuki et al.[2] in the keV energy region. In Ref. [1], the CID cross sections decrease monotonouslywith decreasing energy. But the energy dependency of the CID results in Ref. [2] is different with that in Ref. [1].At energies below 1 keV, no experimental results are available for integral cross sections. On the theoretical side,Furlan and Russek[3] have investigated the electron capture (EC), CID and excitation processes in the few keVenergy region. Their calculations are performed by the straight-line trajectory method based on the ab initiomolecular structure. A three-state approximation is employed in their calculations. Their CID cross sections areseveral times smaller than the experimental results. We present the quantum-mechanical molecular orbital closecoupling (QMOCC) calculations[4] for the CID process of the H+2 + He collision.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10275042 and 10475054）, the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation （Grant No 20021006）, and the Shanxi Provincial 1Foundation for Returned 0verseas Scholars.
文摘The azimuthal distributions of final-state particles and fragments produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are described by a modified multisource ideal gas model which contains the expansions and movements of the emission sources. The transverse structures of the sources are given in the transverse plane by momentum components Px and Py, and described by parameters in the model. The results of the azimuthal distributions, calculated by the Monte Carlo method, are in good agreement with the experimental data in nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies.
文摘Dynamical fluctuation of target evaporated black particles is investigated in both forward and backward hemispheres within the framework of multi-dimensional factorial moment methodology using the brilliant concept of the Hurst exponent. We analyse the black particles emitted in ^32S-AgBr interactions at 200AGeV and it is evident that the dynamical fluctuation in the backward hemisphere is self-affine. In the forward hemisphere, dynamical fluctuation is self-similar but not self-affine. However, study indicates that the fluctuation in the forward hemisphere is more pronounced than that in backward hemisphere.
文摘A Monte Carlo simulation based on the classical binary collision approximation is performed to investigate the interaction of W2 ions with the carbon target. The incident H2^＋ ion is characterized by its translational energy, eigenenergy and population of the vibrational state, and orientation of the ion with respect to the target surface. It is shown that experimentally determined energy resolved mass spectrum of H＋ can be nicely reproduced with the help of the proposed model. These simulations predict that translational to vibrational （T → V） energy transfer efficiency increases nonlinearly with translational energy of the incident ion. T → V energy transfer efficiency along with the initial vibrational energy of the incident H＋ ion found to play an important role in dissociation. Our simulations also show that the fraction of absorbed, reflected, and dissociated ions depends on the translational energy. The average vibrational energy of reflected H＋ increases with its initial translational energy. Moreover, average number of collisions required for dissociation varies inversely with the initial translational energy of the H2^＋.
基金The project supported by Shanxi Provincial Foundation of Leading Man in ScienceShanxi Provincial Foundation of Scholarly ExchangeChina National Education Committee Foundation of Scholarly Exchange
文摘The final-state energy spectrum in the electromagnetic dissociation is calculated by asimple method.The final-state energy curves obtained from the calculation are in agreementwith the experimental data of <sup>28</sup>Si into p+<sup>27</sup>Al at an energy of 14.6 GeV/u.
文摘In this paper, we studied the process of dissociation unimolecular of the evaporation of H+2n+1 hydrogen clusters according to size, using the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory. The rate constants k(E) were determined with the use of statistical theory of unimolecular reactions using various approximations. In our work, we used the products frequencies instead of transitions frequencies in the calculation of unimolecular dissociation rates obtained by three models RRKM. The agreement between the experimental cross section ratio and calculated rate ratio with direct count approximation seems to be reasonable.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.81273589,81374054)the Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20131311)+2 种基金the fundamental research special fund of China Pharmaceutical University(PT2014 YK0081)Jiangsu Provincial Promotion Foundation for the Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics(BM2012012)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization
文摘Liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry possesses both the MS^n ability of ion trap and the excellent resolution of a time-of-flight and has been widely used to identify drug metabolites and determine trace multi-components in natural products. Collision energy, one of the most important factors in acquiring MS^n information, could be set freely in the range of 10%–400%. Herein, notoginsenosides were chosen as model compounds to build a novel methodology for the collision energy optimization. Firstly, the fragmental patterns of the representatives for the authentic standards of protopanaxadiol-type and protopanaxatriol-type notoginsenosides were obtained based on accurate MS^2 and MS^3 measurements via liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The extracted ion chromatograms of characteristic product ions of notoginsenosides in Panax Notoginseng Extract were produced under a series of collision energies and compared to screen the optimum collision energies values for MS^2 and MS^3. The results demonstrated that the qualitative capability of liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was greatly influenced by collision energies, and 50% of MS^2 collision energy was found to produce the highest collision-induced dissociation efficiency for notoginsenosides. Addtionally, the highest collision-induced dissociation efficiency appeared when the collision energy was set at 75% in the MS^3 stage.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB923301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11327404,10979007,and 10734040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The dissociative ionization of CO2 induced by 5 keV electrons in two-body and three-body dissociative channels of CO2＋2 and CO3＋2 is identified by the ion-ion coincidence- method using a momentum imaging spectrometer. The partial ionization cross sections （PICSs） of different ionic fragments are measured and the results generally agree with the calculations made by a semi-empirical approach. Furthermore, the PICSs of the dissociative channels are also obtained by carefully considering the detection efficiency of the micro-channel plates and the total transmission efficiency of the time of flight system.
文摘Phospholipids are the major building blocks of the biological membranes. Additionally, phospholipids modulate membrane trafficking and metabolites derived from their
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 19875019, 10075200) the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province.
文摘The definitions of density function and moment of multiplicity distribution are introduced,and the method of moment analysis in e+ e- and proton-proton (pp) interactions is extended into nu-cleus-nucleus (AA) interactions. We analyze the data for relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions and cal-culate the values of Hq for charged particle multiplicity distributions, by which we study systematically the dependences of Hq on incident energy, mass of colliding system, pseudorapidity interval, centrality and truncation of multiplicity. We compare the oscillation structures induced by e + e-, pp and AA inter-actions, and the comparison and analysis are carried out between experimental data and QCD predic-tion. The latest results are given in this paper.
文摘蛋白质组学的兴起带动了质谱技术的快速发展,而质谱技术的进步则拓宽了蛋白质组学研究问题的广度.最近10年内,肽段或完整蛋白质在质谱仪中的裂解技术——电子捕获裂解(electron capture dissociation,ECD)与电子转运裂解(electron transfer dissociation,ETD)逐渐发展起来.ECD和ETD在蛋白质组学中的应用,特别是在蛋白质的翻译后修饰鉴定和"自顶而下(Top-down)"的完整蛋白质裂解研究中已经展示出了诱人的前景.对ECD和ETD的基本原理、质谱特点、仪器实现、数据解析算法与软件开发,以及在蛋白质组学中的应用进展等方面进行了比较系统全面的阐述,并对当前的研究问题、面临的技术挑战与未来的发展趋势等方面作了深入剖析.
