A Two-Layer Active Power Optimization and Coordinated Control for Regional Power Grid Partitioning to Promote Distributed Renewable Energy Consumption

With the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy,industrial flexible loads,as a kind of loadside resource with strong regulation ability,provide new opportunities for the research on renewable energy consumption problem in power systems.This paper proposes a two-layer active power optimization model based on industrial flexible loads for power grid partitioning,aiming at improving the line over-limit problem caused by renewable energy consumption in power grids with high proportion of renewable energy,and achieving the safe,stable and economical operation of power grids.Firstly,according to the evaluation index of renewable energy consumption characteristics of line active power,the power grid is divided into several partitions,and the interzone tie lines are taken as the optimization objects.Then,on the basis of partitioning,a two-layer active power optimization model considering the power constraints of industrial flexible loads is established.The upper-layer model optimizes the planned power of the inter-zone tie lines under the constraint of the minimum peak-valley difference within a day;the lower-layer model optimizes the regional source-load dispatching plan of each resource in each partition under the constraint of theminimumoperation cost of the partition,so as to reduce the line overlimit phenomenon caused by renewable energy consumption and save the electricity cost of industrial flexible loads.Finally,through simulation experiments,it is verified that the proposed model can effectively mobilize industrial flexible loads to participate in power grid operation and improve the economic stability of power grid.

Impact of Industrialization on Grain Consumption and Countermeasures

This paper analyzes the impact of industrialization on grain consumption from growth of residents' income and change of diet structure,expansion of size of population,and development of new biomass energy industry.The economic growth in the course of industrialization promotes growth of residents' income,changes residents' diet structure;industrialization leads to rural urbanization and rise of urban residents;industrial development brings about grain demand of biomass energy.All of these greatly increase demand of grain consumption.On the basis of these situations,it presents following countermeasures to guarantee grain consumption demand in the course of industrialization:heighten awareness to fully realize the significance of rapid development of industrialization to grain security;control population growth and improve grain conversion ratio;strengthen grain-saving construction and advocate moderate consumption;develop non-grain biomass energy in many channels to guarantee grain security.

Evaluation of Energy Consumption for Heating of Industrial Building in-Situ

Because of the high energy demand required to heat a production hall, the aim of this project is to find out whether it is possible to verify the heating consuming process for heating with the standard simplified calculation method [1], especially for cold regions such as Kosice (Slovakia). The energy requirement for heating a case study industrial building was evaluated using measurements and calculations.During the winter period, energy consumption was measured in the selected industrial building according to a validation standard [2]. The building is comprised of two halls. The measurements were analyzed according to the criteria used for validating residential and public buildings, with several regression dependencies taken into account in the resulting evaluation of heating energy consumption. The mathematical dependencies of measured values in real conditions are shown in this paper. In addition, the building’s heating energy demand was calculated according to the Austrian standard [3], ?NORM EN ISO 13790, the simplified calculation method for non-residential buildings. It was investigated whether the measured values could be replicated using this calculation. It was found that the precise definition of the internal heat gains is very important.

A review of China's energy consumption structure and outlook based on a long-range energy alternatives modeling tool

China＇s energy consumption experienced rapid growth over the past three decades, raising great concerns for the future adjustment of China＇s energy consumption structure. This paper first presents the historical evidence on China＇s energy consumption by the fuel types and sectors. Then, by establishing a bottom-up accounting framework and using long-range energy alternatives plan- ning energy modeling tool, the future of China＇s energy consumption structure under three scenarios is forecast. According to the estimates, China＇s total energy con- sumption will increase from 3014 million tonnes oil equivalent （Mtoe） in 2015 to 4470 Mtoe in 2040 under the current policies scenario, 4040 Mtoe in 2040 under the moderate policies scenario and 3320 Mtoe in 2040 under the strong policies scenario, respectively, lower than those of the IEA＇s estimations. In addition, the clean fuels （gas, nuclear and renewables） could be an effective alternative to the conventional fossil fuels （coal and oil） and offer much more potential. Furthermore, the industry sector has much strong reduction potentials than the other sectors. Finally, this paper suggests that the Chinese government should incorporate consideration of adjustment of the energy consumption structure into existing energy policies and measures in the future.

Impact of the green credit policy on external financing,economic growth and energy consumption of the manufacturing industry

China attempts to achieve energy conservation,emission reduction and environmental protection through the implementation of the green credit policy,but its implementation impact is still controversial.An important content of the green credit policy is to require banking and financial institutions to tighten the credit exposure of industries of‘high pollution and high energy consumption’and industries with overcapacity,so as to use economic leverage to curb their blind expansion and reduce energy consumption by controlling external financing.This paper examined the impact and the lingering effects of the green credit policy on external financing,economic growth and energy consumption in the manufacturing industry,which was most influenced by the green credit policy,from 2003 to 2016 by using the DID method.Furthermore,this paper estimated the dynamic endogenous relationships among external financing,economic growth and energy consumption with two-step system GMM model to investigate the influential path of the green credit policy.The results showed that:the green credit policy had a significant negative impact on the external financing of manufacturing industry,but its negative impact on the economic growth and energy consumption of manufacturing industry was not statistically significant,and the effect of the green credit policy had a dynamic feature of weakening with time.Additionally,in the manufacturing industry,there was a bilateral causal relationship between the energy consumption and economic growth of the control group industry and the processing group industry.There was a bilateral causal relationship between the economic growth and external financing of the control group industries in the manufacturing industry.There was a unilateral causal relationship between the economic growth and external financing of the processing group industries in the manufacturing industry,while the external causality existed between the control group industries and the processing group industries in the manufacturing industry.The causal relationship between the financing and energy consumption was not statistically significant.At present,the transmission path of the green credit policy is that the green credit policy controls external financing,then affects economic growth and ultimately inhibits energy consumption,but the effectiveness of the path is not statistically significant.The conclusion of this paper provides policy reference and scientific basis for the adjustment and improvement of green credit.

Digital Consumption and Manufacturing Industry's Digital Transition

As a form of consumption based on the digital content and traits of goods and services,digital consumption is characterized by a strong dependence on the digital technology infrastructure,precise identification of consumer demand,adaptability to new business modes,swift consumer feedback and response,and great market potentials.Under the dual driving forces of technology empowerment and consumption upgrade,China s digital consumption has been growing rapidly,digitalization is empowering traditional sectors of consumption,and the consumption of digital content is expanding.Consumer potential for digital consumption is being unleashed in low-tier cities,and new-generation consumers are gaining influence.With an increasing number of digital consumers,new consumption modes and services have proliferated thanks to the improving digital infrastructure.Growing digital consumption has created an increasing demand-pulling effect that spurs product and service innovation,corporate internal process digitalization,and changes in corporate organization and decision-making.Driven by digital consumption,industrial chain upgrade and restructuring and business mode innovations will improve user experience and firm efficiency,contributing to the quality,efficiency,and dynamism of the manufacturing industry.Amid surging digital consumption,the digital transition of manufacturing is still faced with some problems and challenges.It is important to deepen the user-centric concepts and modes of value creation,create a differentiated service system,optimize digital resource allocation,enhance digital brand management,and scale up R&D and innovation of products and services.

Empirical Study on Effects of Different Types of Urbanization on Consumption Structure of Rural Residents in China

In the process of urbanization,there are problems of decline in rural population,shrinkage of rural area,and constant increase in the per-capita net income of rural residents. These problems have brought about new characteristics and changes to the consumption structure of rural residents. This paper divided the urbanization into population urbanization,industrial urbanization and land urbanization. Using the panel data of 31 provinces in 2004-2013,it established the dynamic panel model and analyzed the effects of different types of urbanization on the consumption structure of rural residents. Results indicated that population urbanization exerts a negative effect on development-oriented consumption expenditure of rural residents,while it exerts a positive effect on enjoyment consumption expenditure; the industrial urbanization exerts a negative effect on the consumption expenditure of rural residents,while it exerts a positive effect on clothing and transportation communication consumption of rural residents; land urbanization exerts a negative effect on medical care expenditure in enjoyment consumption of rural residents. In view of these problems,it came up with recommendations,including stimulating the development of rural consumer market,liberating the consumption potentiality of rural areas,making clear emphasis points of different types of urbanization,avoiding promoting the urbanization in a blind manner,and adjusting the development of different types of urbanization on the basis of the consumption demands of rural residents.

Heavy Industry Share Increase Is Causing Higher Energy Consumptioni

The"11th Five-Year"plan sets the objective of reducing energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20% in five years.Readjusting industrial structure is one of the possible means to reach this goal.As for energy consumption reduction through industrial readjustment,however,present research only explores the effects of industry structural change in the six sectors such as agriculture,industry,construction,transportation and commerce,yet without considering the ramifications of sub-sector two-digit code industry structure.In this paper,we have calculated the effects of structural change in light- heavy industries on energy consumption and energy intensity from 1993 to 2005 using the factor decomposition method.As a result,we found for each percentage point gain in favour of heavy industry in the light-heavy industry mix,China’s energy consumption increases by nearly 9 million metric tons of coal equivalent.However the overall effects of structural change in light-heavy industry are less than those of sub-sector intensity factors on industrial energy intensity and energy consumption per unit of GDP.The heavy industry share gain has over recent years exerted a significant impact on industrial energy intensity.For example,78% of the abnormal increase in industrial energy intensity in 2003 could be attributed to this factor.Finally,an analytical framework for energy intensity based on this study is presented.

Empirical Study on B/C Apparel Consumption Behavior Based on Data Mining Technology

In order to accurately identify the characters associated with consumption behavior of apparel online shopping, a typical B/ C clothing enterprise in China was chosen. The target experimental database containing 2000 data records was obtained based on web service logs of sample enterprise. By means of clustering algorithm of Clementine Data Mining Software, K-means model was set up and 8 clusters of consumer were concluded. Meanwhile, the implicit information existed in consumer＇s characters and preferences for clothing was found. At last, 31 valuable association rules among casual wear, formal wear, and tie-in products were explored by using web analysis and Aprior algorithm. This finding will help to better understand the nature of online apparel consumption behavior and make a good progress in personalization and intelligent recommendation strategies.

Characteristics of electricity consumption of different industry types considering atmospheric condition

Reducing greenhouse gases (RHG) is going on actively in the international movement. In the field of architecture, RHG is an inevitable work. To establish a plan for RHG, firstly we need to reduce energy consumption. Greenhouse gas generated by energy consumption is the main cause of global warming. For this we should know that how much electricity consumption we use. The research targets of this study are commercial buildings with various businesses. Their electricity consumption was analyzed by business units rather than buildings. Each business was divided into 13 sectors according to industrial classification and electricity consumption was analyzed for each industry. For commercial buildings, the electricity consumption is done by the private sector and construction management is an autonomy system in private instead of an integrated management system. In this study, we classified and analyzed the electricity consumption characteristics according to collected data, analyzed the relationship between the electricity consumption with atmospheric temperature through SPSS, and developed an electricity prediction model.

Research and Practice of Smart Power Consumption

As a vital part of a smart grid, smart power consumption enables real-time interaction between consumers and the grid. With improved management of the demand side and energy efficiency, smart power consumption plays an important role in emission reduction as well as the economic operation of the power grid. Meanwhile, it enhances the power grid to a larger scale infrastructure by the two-way transmission of energy and information. This paper introduces the research, practice and vision of smart power consumption in China.

Influencing factors and contribution analysis of CO_(2) emissions originating from final energy consumption in Sichuan Province,China

Within the context of CO_(2)emission peaking and carbon neutrality,the study of CO_(2)emissions at the provincial level is few.Sichuan Province in China has not only superior clean energy resources endowment but also great potential for the reduction of CO_(2)emissions.Therefore,using logarithmic mean Divisia index(LMDI)model to analysis the influence degree of different influencing factors on CO_(2)emissions from final energy consumption in Sichuan Province,so as to formulate corresponding emission reduction countermeasures from different paths according to the influencing factors.Based on the data of final energy consumption in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2019,we calculated CO_(2)emission by the indirect emission calculation method.The influencing factors of CO_(2)emissions originating from final energy consumption in Sichuan Province were decomposed into population size,economic development,industrial structure,energy consumption intensity,and energy consumption structure by the Kaya-logarithmic mean Divisia index(LMDI)decomposition model.At the same time,grey correlation analysis was used to identify the correlation between CO_(2)emissions originating from final energy consumption and the influencing factors in Sichuan Province.The results showed that population size,economic development and energy consumption structure have positive contributions to CO_(2)emissions from final energy consumption in Sichuan Province,and economic development has a significant contribution to CO_(2)emissions from final energy consumption,with a contribution rate of 519.11%.The industrial structure and energy consumption intensity have negative contributions to CO_(2)emissions in Sichuan Province,and both of them have significant contributions,among which the contribution rate of energy consumption structure was 325.96%.From the perspective of industrial structure,secondary industry makes significant contributions and will maintain a restraining effect;from the perspective of energy consumption structure,industry sector has a significant contribution.The results of this paper are conducive to the implementation of carbon emission reduction policies in Sichuan Province.

Empirical Analysis on the Relation Between Electronic Industry Development and Energy Consumption

Data from 1996 to 2012 is used to conduct co-integration test, VAR model and Granger causality test in order to examine the relation between China＇ s electronic industry added-value and energy consumption. The result of co-integration test illustrates the long-term equilibrium of the relationship between the electronic industry development and energy consumption. The dynamic analysis of VAR model shows that there is a positive response from the economic growth of the electronics industry to energy consumption, while the impact of energy consumption on economic growth is a slightly negative response. It has been proved that the electronic industry development and energy consumption are mutual Granger causality. According to these conclusions, some suggestions are proposed in the end, including accelerating the development of China＇ s electronic industry to promote high-teeh electronic products, improving energy efficiency, enhancing research efficacy, creasing the effort for energy development and implementing rational energy policies.

Predicting Alcohol Consumption in Hospitality Populations Using Sense of Coherence

This paper aims to introduce the claim that hospitality students and hospitality employees drink more alcohol than other students and employee groups and to explore and explain this alcohol consumption disparity using the sense of coherence （SOC） construct. Using a web-based questionnaire, college students were recruited, surveyed, and classified into hospitality and non-hospitality majors. Self-reported alcohol consumption, SOC, and a variety of demographic variables were measured. A total of 930 students participated of which 59.4% were female and 28% were hospitality majors. About 47% of hospitality students, 33% of other majors, 43% of women, and 38% of men were classified as at-risk consumers of alcohol. The overall SOC score was about 139 with a range of 69-191. None of the sub-populations differed significantly in SOC. While SOC does not predict major or occupational choice, SOC is a predictor of risky alcohol consumption.

The cashmere industry is facing greater challenges in production and consumption

The cashmere industry is a characteristic industry with raw material advantages in China’s woolen industry.Cashmere products are high-end luxury goods.Under the spread of the current global pandemic of COVID-19,the production and consumption of cashmere products have also encountered huge challenges.

Industrialization,Efficiency and Social Housing:Sustainable Prefabrication for the Colombian Social and Cultural Context

This research aims to generate processes of industrialization and qualification of social housing in Colombia through prefabrication,low energy consumption and high environmental quality to reduce the current deficit and improve the quality of life in communities with fewer economic resources.Modular coordination and the use of materials with thermal behaviors,appropriate to the country’s climatic characteristics,reduce production costs,avoid waste and improve the architectural and environmental quality of social housing.Passive cooling strategies,such as controlling solar incursion and generating natural cross ventilation eliminate energy consumption and allow reaching desired standards of comfort.In a context in which traditional construction systems have still not resolved the social housing deficit in Colombia and which generate high costs for energy consumption in the search for thermal comfort,industrialized and efficient construction with high environmental quality provides solutions according to the economic,geographic,social and cultural context in Colombia.

Analysis on Industry Structure Adjustment and Energy Consumption Based on Grey Theory——A Case Study of Qinghai Province

In view of the complexity and non-linearity of energy consumption system and the status quo of the development of energy in Qinghai Province,the relations between energy consumption and industrial structure is analyzed by using the quantitative analysis of grey relation degree by using the grey system theory.The relevancy degree among the primary industry,the secondary industry and the tertiary industry and living energy consumption are obtained,and then the trend of energy consumption in the following several years can be predicted.The results show that the secondary industry has the largest relevancy degree to the total energy consumption.In the end,according to the results of the research,several suggestions on how to saving energy are put forward.Firstly,the government should improve the high-tech industry and restrict the development of high-consumption and high-pollution industries.Secondly,the government should promote the low-carbon way of life;promote energy saving and control the energy consumption of the department of life.Thirdly,clean production should be actively promoted in the tertiary industry and the circular economy should be vigorously expanded.

Domestic Consumption Bright Spot for China's Textile and Apparel Industry in 2010

In 2009, China’s growth of national textile and apparel sales reached 20 percent, so that by 2010, domestic consumption has already become the bright spot in

Linking gold prices,fossil fuel costs and energy consumption to assess progress towards sustainable development goals in newly industrialized countries

The continuous rise in global environmental challenges has led to urgency toward establishing a secure framework to achieve sustainable development goals.This study establishes a novel theoretical framework to analyze the role of energy prices,energy consumption,gold prices and economic growth on environmental degradation in newly industrialized economies.To realize sustainable development goals and foster environmental defence,this study utilizes CS-ARDL as the main econometric approach to investigate the asymmetric association between environmental degradation and relevant factors.We also use AMG,CS-DL,Driscoll-Kray and FGLS to enhance the robustness of our findings.Our econometric approach reveals that energy resource prices and renewable energy consumption reduce environmental degradation,while gold prices and fossil energy consumption elevate environmental pollutants.We also confirm the existence of the EKC hypothesis.The findings of our extensive analysis paved the way for a welldesigned environmental policy for NIC economies should focus on renewable energy consumption,green investments,and structural changes.

2023年国内外油气行业发展及2024年展望

2023年,全球能源格局深刻调整,绿色低碳转型稳步推进;国际油价波动下跌,天然气价高位回落;油气勘探开发投资保持增长,油气产量继续双增;炼油乙烯产能继续增长,毛利总体下滑;大石油公司重新强化油气上游,降碳和盈利并重;碳减排共识进一步凝聚,碳市场影响力不断增强。中国油气行业立足安全清洁发展,能源行业政策体系加快完善;新型能源体系建设有序推进;成品油和天然气消费恢复向好,“全国一张网”加速完善;油气产储量保持增长,“两深一非”成增储上产新阵地;炼油能力继续小幅增长;大宗石化产品产能呈扩张态势;碳市场建设步伐加快。2024年,预计国际石油市场基本面由紧平衡转为供应过剩,天然气市场延续脆弱平衡,地缘政治紧张局势及外溢影响等将继续推动油气价格大幅波动;能源转型更加理性务实,基于安全效益发展建设能源韧性体系渐成共识。国内经济景气度回升势头向好,将进一步带动能源行业回暖;深化能源体制机制改革、加快建设新型能源体系、保障能源供应安全稳定仍是能源行业的重要使命任务。