High-Field MRI Contribution in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS). Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

Background: Tolosa Hunt Syndrome is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. Because of the difficulty in establishing histological evidence, his diagnosis is based on a set of arguments established by the International Headache Society. MRI allows indirect visualization of the granuloma and plays a key role in diagnosis and follow-up. Aim: To illustrate High-field MRI contribution in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS). Cases Presentation: Two patients, a 25-year-old female and a 40-year-old male were recruited in this retrospective case report study at the Radiology service of Fann University Hospital (Dakar Senegal). The first patient has been suffering from a right retro-orbital pain and diplopia for 2 months and the second from a painful oculomotor nerve palsy for 3 months. Blood tests, lumbar puncture, thyroid hormone levels and an infectious screen were done. Screening for converting enzymes, and serum antibodies were also done. They underwent a high field MRI (Siemens 1.5T) with T1, T2, FLAIR, T2*, diffusion B1000, TOF polygon, CISS 3D and T1 gadolinium sequences in the 3 planes space. No significant abnormality was detected in blood tests or CSF analysis. Screening for converting enzymes and serum antibodies screen were also negative. For each patient, MRI examinations showed a non tumoral thickening of the right cavernous sinus, suggesting a granulomatous involvement. Tolosa Hunt Syndrome was evoked firstly. They were put on corticotherapy at high doses with a spectacular regression of symptoms. The Criteria of the International Headache Society of THS were met in both patients. Conclusion: High-field MRI is a significant diagnostic tool in the assessment of painful ophthalmoplegia. It allows a direct visualization of the granuloma of the cavernous sinus and assesses its course throughout the disease.

Electric-magnetic-force characteristics of rare earth barium copper oxide superconductor high-field coils based on screening effect and strain sensitivity

Rare earth barium copper oxide(REBCO)is the most researched and commercialized second-generation high-temperature superconducting material.Due to the anisotropic structure,strong deformation sensitivity,and central field errors caused by screening current effects,it is still a challenge for commercialization applications.In this study,the transversely isotropic constitutive relationship is selected as the mechanical model based on the structural characteristics of REBCO tapes,and suitable microelements are selected to equate the elastic constants using their average stress-strain relationships.Then,a two-dimensional axisymmetric model for coils wound by single-layer tapes is constructed to analyze the dependence of the electric-magnetic-force distribution in the tape on the strain.Finally,the anisotropic approximation of the homogenized bulk method is used to equate large-turn high-field coils,and the electric-magnetic-force distribution characteristics of the coils with/without screening effects and mechanical strain conditions are investigated,respectively.The results reveal that the mechanical strain has a weakening effect on the electromagnetic field distribution of superconducting tapes,but causes a significant enhancement in the force field distribution.In the presence of 0.5% mechanical strain,the maximum weakening of the peak value of the current density and the critical current density inside the high-field coil can reach about 8% and 13%,respectively,with a nearly 5 times increase in the peak stress.The screening current makes the current field distribution inside the coil improve by about 10 times.The screening current induced magnetic field can reach up to 0.8 T,making the relative error of the high-field coil center up to 7.8%.

High Density Plasma Heating by EC-Waves Injected from the High-Field Side for Mode Conversion to Electron Bernstein Waves in LHD

To realize an excitation of electron Bernstein waves （EBW） via mode conversion from X-mode waves injected from the high magnetic field side （HFS）, new inner-vessel mirrors were installed close to a helicM coil in the large helicM device （LHD）. 77 GHz electron cyclotron （EC） wave beams injected from an existing EC-wave injection system toward the new mirror are reflected on the mirror so that the beams are injected to plasmas from HFS. Evident increases in the electron temperature at the plasma core region and the plasma stored energy were observed by the HFS beam injection to the plasmas with the line-average electron density of 7.5~ 1019 m-3, which is slightly higher than the plasma cut-off density of 77 GHz EC-waves, 7.35~ 1019 m-3. The heating efficiency evaluated from the changes in the time derivative of the plasma stored energy reached ,,~70%. Although so far it is not clear which is the main cause of the heating effect, the mode-converted EBW or the X-mode wave itself injected from the HFS, an effective heating of high-density plasma over the plasma cut-off of EC-wave was successfully demonstrated.

Laser-assisted Stark deceleration of CaF in its rovibronic ground (high-field-seeking) state

A near-resonant, red-detuning laser-assisted Stark deceleration scheme is proposed to slow CaF in its high-fieldseeking rovibronic ground state. The assisting Gaussian laser beam can confine CaF molecules transversely owing to the optical Stark effect. Simulations suggest that the present scheme is superior to previous Stark decelerators. Under typical experimental conditions, when the assisting laser frequency is red-detuned to the molecular transition(λ～606.3 nm) by5.0 GHz and the laser power is about 5.6 W, the proposed decelerator can achieve a total number at the order of 10~4 CaF molecules with a number density at the order of 10~8 cm^(-3). The equivalent temperature of the obtained cold CaF molecules is 2.3 mK. Additionally, the desired assisting laser power can be as low as about 1.2 W if keeping the red-detuning value to be 1.0 GHz, which further suggests its experimental feasibility.

Fast Growth of Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays on Si Substrate under High-Field Anodization

Highly ordered TiO_2 nanotube arrays(NTAs) on Si substrate possess broad applications due to its high surfaceto-volume ratio and novel functionalities, however, there are still some challenges on facile synthesis. Here, we report a simple and cost-effective high-field(90–180V) anodization method to grow highly ordered TiO_2 NTAs on Si substrate,and investigate the effect of anodization time, voltage, and fluoride content on the formation of TiO_2 NTAs. The current density–time curves, recorded during anodization processes, can be used to determine the optimum anodization time. It is found that the growth rate of TiO_2 NTAs is improved significantly under high field, which is nearly 8 times faster than that under low fields(40–60 V). The length and growth rate of the nanotubes are further increased with the increase of fluoride content in the electrolyte.

High-field-induced electron detrapping in an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor

A step stress test is carried out to study the reliability characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor（HEMT）.An anomalous critical drain-to-gate voltage with a negative temperature coefficient is observed in the stress sequence,beyond which the HEMT device starts to recover from degradation induced by early lower voltage stress.While the performance degradation featuring the drain current slump stems from electron trapping in the surface or bulk states during low-to-medium bias stress,the recovery is attributed to high field induced electron detrapping.The carrier detrapping mechanism could be helpful for lessening the trapping-related performance degradation of a GaN-based HEMT.

High-Field-Strength Elements in Mafic Volcanics from North China Craton: Implications for Archean-Proterozoic Boundary and Source Composition

Archean to Cenozoic mafic volcanic rocks from the North China craton are studied. They show Archean Proterozoic (Ar Pt) boundary and geochemical anomalies in Cenozoic basalts. Proterozoic mafic volcanics are enriched in most of the high field strength elements (HFSE) compared with Archean ones. Nb, Ta and Th show a distinct sequence of incompatibility in Archean and Proterozoic. The Cenozoic basalts are enriched in HFSE and Ni and their REEs are strongly differentiated with positive Eu anomalies ( δ (Eu)=1.14). The Ar Pt boundary could be related to change in oxygen fugacity and requires an increasing importance of enriched mantle source. The geochemistry of Cenozoic basalts implies a mantle source similar to OIB. Residuum from subducting partial melting of old basaltic oceanic crust and continental crust is likely to contribute to the formation of the enriched mantle.

Ultra-high-field magnetic resonance:Why and when?

This paper briefly summarizes the development of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in medicine.Aspects of magnetic resonancephysics and-technology relevant at ultra-high magnetic fields as well as current limitations are highlighted.Based on the first promising studies,potential clinical applications at 7 Tesla are suggested.Other aims are to stimulate awareness of the potential of ultra-high field magnetic resonance and to stimulate active participation in much needed basic or clinical research at 7 Tesla or higher.

千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源系统研制

初始磁场电源系统用于激励千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置的初级线圈产生初始磁场,是内爆磁压缩装置的关键设备。在分析千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源需求和技术难点的基础上,系统设计了核心部件选择方案和主脉冲电路及控制系统结构,研制成功一套输出电压1~40 kV可调、主放电电流脉冲上升沿约60μs、总峰值电流达3.2 MA的初始磁场电源系统,已应用于千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置动态试验。

流-热-力耦合的高性能结构拓扑优化设计方法

拓扑优化和增材制造技术的快速发展为高性能复杂装备提供了高效的产品设计和制造方法。目前高性能结构拓扑优化只考虑热-力耦合或者流-热耦合的设计,且大多局限于简单结构,未考虑流-热-力三场共同作用下的设计,限制了结构性能的提升。针对流-热-力多物理场工况下的高性能复杂结构设计这一挑战,提出了一种流-热-力耦合拓扑优化方法,以提高复杂结构的承温能力。首先引入流场、温度场和结构位移场的控制方程,对计算域的流固材料进行统一表征;然后以最小化平均温度为目标,以流动能量耗散和结构柔度为约束,建立了流-热-力耦合的拓扑优化模型,并结合变分法和拉格朗日函数开展了设计变量的灵敏度分析;最后将所建立的拓扑优化模型应用于涡轮的结构设计,得到了散热性能良好、流道分布合理的可增材制造结构。

南方双季稻区水田高留茬秸秆还田机作业效果研究

为考察自行研制的南方双季稻区水田高留茬秸秆还田机大田作业效果,以原谷珍香为供试品种进行大田试验,并设置现有的常规秸秆还田机作业进行对照,通过对早稻不同高度的留茬秸秆进行还田作业,考察了该机具的耕作效果,并研究了对后茬晚稻机插质量、群体质量构建及产量和产量构成等指标的影响。结果显示,较对照,同一留茬高度时,经自行研制的南方双季稻区水田高留茬秸秆还田机处理的效果显著,其耕深、耕深稳定性、埋茬深度、耕后地面平整度和植被覆盖率分别平均提升5.18%、4.64%、20.85%、21.61%和4.43%,漏插率、漂秧率、伤秧率和翻倒率分别平均降低28.79%、23.17%、29.84%和45.02%,均匀度合格率和插秧深度合格率分别平均提高1.40%和1.65%,茎蘖数平均提高2.52%~6.62%,SPAD值(移栽后27d始)平均提高3.59%~6.53%,地上部干物质重(插秧后34 d始)平均提高1.78%~4.81%,穗干重和收获指数分别平均提高3.39%和2.16%,有效穗、穗粒数、千粒重、结实率和理论产量分别平均提高2.52%、1.34%、0.08%、1.41%和5.47%,实际产量平均增产268.86 kg·hm^(-2),平均增产率4.09%。该机具对秸秆的留茬高度适应性强,作业效果好,适宜在南方双季稻区水田进行推广应用。

海上高压气田无人井口平台集输工艺流程方案比选设计

针对某海上高压气田井口压力高、井口温度低、油品凝点高、节流后易出现水合物和出油管线容易冻堵的问题,结合不同生产井节流后的压力,设置不同压力体系井口加热器以满足流体输送要求。文章研究了两种不同高压气田无人平台工艺流程方案:加热器部分降压设计方案和全部降压设计方案,比较了两种方案的技术特点及经济性,最终推荐高压气田无人井口平台采用加热器部分降压设计的工艺流程方案。

高含硫气田集输SCADA安全评估方法

油气能源基础设施安全越来越受到组织化攻击威胁,因此,对能源基础设施尤其是对高含硫气田集输SCADA系统安全状态识别就显得尤为必要。为了揭示高含硫气田集输SCADA系统安全评估中随机性和不完全性对安全状态评估结果的影响,提出了基于云模型改进白化权函数的灰云安全评估方法。首先,对评估结果进行等级划分,设计了组合权重优化模型;然后,按照专家评分细则确定出样本矩阵,利用云模型改进白化权函数,形成灰色评估权矩阵;最后,结合优化后的权重通过逐级评估得到系统最终的风险值并确定系统风险评估状态。以3个实际应用场景为例,验证了方法的有效性。研究结果表明,与层次分析法、变异系数法、线性加权和乘法加权法比较,组合优化赋权方法的离散度为0.456,线性加权和乘法加权的离散度为0.514和0.860,层次分析法和变异系数法的离散度为1.294和1.225,提出的组合优化赋权模型的离散度最小,表明此方法比其他方法更有效;将SCADA安全评估中风险指标信息不完全性与专家知识的不完全性和随机性结合起来,不仅能定性评估和预测整体SCADA系统的安全状态,而且实现二级指标风险量化;该模型能揭示各风险指标的脆弱程度,为下一步安全加固提供方向。本研究不仅有利于识别高含硫气田SCADA系统安全状态,而且为其他行业安全评估提供了参考。

路基填筑短期内热棒高导热性影响

为研究多年冻土区路基填筑短期内热棒高导热性对路基下部冻土温度场的影响,基于水热耦合作用,采用数值模拟方法对路基填筑短期内温度场变化进行了分析。结果表明:受热棒高导热性影响,路基填筑短期内冻结锋面沿热棒下凹;6月填筑,易使坡脚和蒸发段处发生水热侵蚀,7月填筑,冻结锋面最低点深度超过热棒埋置深度,对热棒稳定性最不利,8月和9月填筑,热棒高导热性影响时间较短;热棒高导热性对温度场的负面影响随填料温度和热棒材料导热系数的增加而增大。为减少填筑短期内热棒高导热性影响,应避免在6到7月份施工,施工时尽量降低路基填料温度,在不影响降温效果的前提下可适当减小热棒材料的导热系数。

SFCC现场导热系数与温度场实测及预测方法研究

为确定钢纤维页岩陶粒混凝土(SFCC)现场实际的导热系数,与桥面板施工同步制作了不同钢纤维体积分数的SFCC试件,采用热板法进行测定,校核并扩展了导热系数预测公式,并且对高温沥青摊铺时SFCC桥面板的温度场进行了实测和数值模拟.结果表明:环境湿度为67%时,SFCC的实测导热系数为0.915~1.409 W/(m·K),增加钢纤维体积分数可提高SFCC导热系数;考虑湿度和钢纤维影响后的扩展Maxwell公式预测值与实测值吻合良好;高温沥青摊铺时桥面板SFCC混凝土内的温度梯度可达20.5℃,超过规范日温差,采用数值模拟可有效计算桥面板温度场.

低成本地磁场监测设备的设计与实现

为能够在短时间内建成区域高密度地磁场观测台网,实现地磁场数据成网、成片观测,需要解决精准捕捉极震区特大震前磁场异常现象的问题。项目组利用物联网通信技术,基于RM3100三轴磁传感器,开发低成本地磁场监测设备,并部署在天津市宝坻区、武清区,同时利用人工智能数据分析技术和时序数据存储技术,开展地震前兆异常自动判定和可视化预报技术研究。该成果在2022年6月23日天津宝坻M 2.0地震中得到了验证,说明低成本地磁场观测系统不仅对大震有察觉,对于近距离的中小地震同样敏感。

特高压并联电抗器铁芯振动及噪声特征研究

特高压并联电抗器因其铁芯是以铁芯饼与气隙垫块交替堆叠而成的结构特点,导致其运行过程中振动强度远超同电压等级的变压器,易出现振动超标等问题,现有计算方法对特高压并联电抗器铁芯振动特征还无法准确表征。鉴于此,该文针对1台特高压并联电抗器的铁芯振动机理及产生的噪声进行研究,结合磁-结构-声多场耦合分析,对铁芯所受麦克斯韦力及磁致伸缩力进行仿真计算,将结构场计算结果进行快速傅里叶变换后作为载荷激励进而计算由电抗器振动产生的噪声,并单独分析磁致伸缩力和麦克斯韦力对电抗器铁芯振动造成的影响。结果表明:电抗器运行过程中电抗器铁芯旁轭中部产生的振动最剧烈,电抗器周围产生的噪声最大。对比麦克斯韦力与磁致伸缩力对电抗器铁芯振动的影响发现,同时考虑两个力时铁芯振动小于未考虑磁致伸缩力的情况,证明影响电抗器铁芯振动的两个力存在相互衰减作用。

高分子材料水凝胶在化工与医药领域的应用

随着材料学与化工合成技术的飞速发展,高分子材料水凝胶在化工与医药领域的应用逐渐深入,水凝胶材料成功解决了部分以往依靠传统技术在化工和医药领域中无法攻克的困难。其应用范围现已覆盖工业废水、土壤保护、生物医学等重要研究领域。本文主要对水凝胶材料在化工与医药领域的应用进行综述,为其在实际生产应用和科学研究方面提供参考依据。

送风方式对高速列车通风和呼吸污染物扩散特性的影响

高速列车交通网络发达且载客量大,但车厢环境封闭易造成污染物的堆积,为提高乘车舒适性和安全性,基于计算流体动力学理论(CFD),建立满载工况的全尺寸车厢通风计算模型.针对排风口位于两侧车窗上端的排风方式,采用速度不均匀系数、温度不均匀系数、能量利用系数和通风效率作为列车通风系统的评价指标,对比研究6种送风方式对车厢内流场特性和呼吸污染物扩散特性的影响,包括多孔顶板送风、下部送风、多孔顶板送风+下部送风、局部多孔顶板送风、侧顶送风、局部多孔顶板送风+侧顶送风.研究结果表明:通过调整风口之间的流量分配比例可以使送风气流均匀地流向客室两侧,改善车内温度均匀性;采用下部送风时,有助于提高通风系统的能量利用系数和通风效率,分别高达1.38和1.21,但会恶化车内乘坐舒适性;通过研究乘客之间呼吸污染物的相互影响情况发现,第C列乘客的呼吸污染物容易向第B列乘客的呼吸区域进行扩散,加剧乘客之间的交叉感染;通过减小多孔顶板的送风口尺寸,采用局部多孔顶板送风可以有效缓解该现象,使污染物的体积浓度下降至0.0019.

地面高精度磁法测量在青海某区地质矿产调查中的应用

为综合研究青海某区成矿远景和找矿潜力,本文通过对该区1∶5万地面高精度磁法测量数据资料进行一系列位场转换处理,分析全区磁场分布规律和异常信息特征,结合地质背景、岩石磁性特征和化探水系沉积物测量等资料着重对M1异常进行解释推断,圈定1处与基性—超基性岩关系密切的铜钴镍多金属A类找矿靶区,采用2.5D人机交互反演,拟合出异常体埋深、形态等赋存情况。本研究建立的与基性—超基性岩带有关的铜钴多金属矿的找矿模型,为邻区甚至布青山—阿尼玛卿构造带区域内的找矿工作提供借鉴经验。