基于增强型自适应观测器的永磁同步电机无速度传感器

为满足表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)在全速范围内实现无位置/速度传感器运行的需要,本文研究了一种增强型自适应观测器。该增强型自适应观测器在自适应转速观测器中结合了适用于SPMSM的高频注入法,高频注入信号的误差响应信号在低速段起主导作用,校正自适应观测器的输出信号。随着转速逐渐增高,高频注入信号的作用逐渐减弱,直到一定转速后自适应观测器单独作用,这使其不但具有很好的动态特性而且在低速包括零速时也可以保证估算精度。这种增强型自适应观测器结合了两种方法的优点,实现电机无速度闭环起动,且在不同速度区域之间可以平滑过渡。实时实验证明了该增强型自适应观测器的有效性及实用性。

基于高频注入法永磁同步电机控制研究

针对永磁同步电机无传感器控制的启动控制问题,即在电机处于低速运行或者静止启动时转子位置难以检测和估算,采用高频注入法实现对永磁同步电机的启动控制,并采用判断响应旋转电流幅值N/S判断方法判断转子极性。利用MATLAB与PSIM联合建模进行了相应的实验仿真。实验仿真结果验证表明:采取旋转高频注入法可以有效地实现永磁同步电机的启动控制,克服了无传感器控制在静止状态的不精确的缺点。

Sensorless Control of IPMSM for Last 10 Years and Next 5 Years

This paper presents the developments of sensorless control of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine(IPMSM)for last 10 years,which could be divided into the past and the present for each 5 years.Several popular methods developed for last 10 years would be described and evaluated,and the limitations with the methods are discussed.In the past a concept extended EMF(EEMF)was introduced and it can model IPMSM as a non-salient motor,meaning that the representation of IPMSM in the estimated rotor reference frame would be much simpler and accurate.However,because it still relied on back EMF,standstill operation was impossible.And,the position control of IPMSM could not be achieved with EEMF concept.For sensorless drive,the high-frequency signal injection method exploiting inherent saliency of IPMSM has been continuously developed for last 10 years and applied to various industry fields,where torque control at standstill is essential.Its performance has been improved but there are still many problems to be solved.In the present,the square-wave signal injection at estimated d-axis has improved the control performance conspicuously.However,there are strong demands to improve the control performance of sensorless drive,yet.Based on the problems in the present,in this paper the possible developments of sensorless drive of IPMSM in next 5 years are enlightened as the future of sensorless control.

基于高频阻抗检测的隐极式永磁同步电机三步无位置传感器起动技术

针对隐极式永磁同步电机初始位置难以检测的难题,提出了一种基于高频阻抗空间分布检测技术的初始位置估算方法。该方法利用不同位置的高频阻抗分布特性不同的特点,通过在转子的不同空间位置注入高频信号,获得隐极式永磁同步电机的初始位置信息。基于获得的隐极式永磁同步电机初始位置,进一步提出了一种三步无位置传感器起动方法。通过该起动方法,可以获得较小的起动电流,实现隐极式永磁同步电机在无位置传感器控制条件下的零速稳定起动、低速开环运行以及到闭环控制的平稳过渡。在一台隐极式永磁同步电机上进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能获取隐极式永磁同步电机的初始位置,而且能显著降低起动电流大小,并实现隐极式永磁同步电机在零、低速工况下的高频注入无位置传感器控制。

Saliency-Based Position Sensorless Control Methods for PMSM Drives-a Review

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drives are finding expanded use for industrial and domestic drive applications.With the distinguished characteristics such as reduced cost and increased reliability and robustness,position sensorless(self-sensing)control techniques have been good candidates for reliable and costless PMSM drives.The saliency-tracking based techniques further bring the expansion of applications with the extended controllable sensorless operating speed range.This paper presents a review on state of the art techniques for position sensorless drives using the saliency-tracking based methods.The signal injection methods and the future scope of research including the dynamic bandwidth improvement and the acoustic noise reduction are discussed.

An MRAS method for sensorless control of induction motor over a wide speed range

This paper addresses the problem of wide speed range sensorless control of induction motor.The proposed method is based on model reference adaptive system (MRAS),in which the current model serves as the adjustable model,and a novel hybrid model integrating the modified voltage model (MVM) and high-frequency signal injection method (HFSIM) are established to serve as the reference model.The HFSIM works together with MVM to improve the performance of the rotor speed and rotor flux position estimation at low speed,whereas at high speed,the MVM acts alone.In addition,a rotor resistance online estimation scheme is proposed to update the rotor resistance contained in the adjustable model and to ensure the estimation accuracy further.Experimental results show that the proposed MRAS method is very effective from low to high speed range,including zero speed.

Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in Full Speed Range

Aiming at resolving the limitation of the speed regulation range of sensorless control technology,a new composite sensorless control strategy is proposed to realize a control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)in full speed range.In the medium-and high-speed range,the improved new sliding mode observer method is used to estimate the motor speed and rotor position information.In the zero and low speed range,in order to avoid the defects of the sliding mode method,the rotating high-frequency voltage signal injection method is used.When switching between low,medium,and high speed,the fuzzy control algorithm is adopted to achieve smooth transitions.The simulation experiment results show that the hybrid mode combining the sliding mode observer and rotating high-frequency voltage injection methods,can effectively reduce the jitter in the algorithm switching process,and realize the smooth control of a PMSM in full speed range.