In a recent issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,García-Pinillos et al.~1 reviewed evidence on the effects of highintensity intermittent training(interval training)(HIIT)on muscular and performance ad...In a recent issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,García-Pinillos et al.~1 reviewed evidence on the effects of highintensity intermittent training(interval training)(HIIT)on muscular and performance adaptations in recreational runners.展开更多
Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically analyze the literature to determine how high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT) affects recreational endurance runners in the short-and long-term.Methods: Elect...Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically analyze the literature to determine how high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT) affects recreational endurance runners in the short-and long-term.Methods: Electronic databases were searched for literature dating from January 2000 to October 2015. The search was conducted using the key words "high-intensity intermittent training" or "high-intensity interval exercise" or "interval running" or "sprint interval training" and "endurance runners" or "long distance runners". A systematic approach was used to evaluate the 783 articles identified for initial review. Studies were included if they investigated HIIT in recreational endurance runners. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro) scale(for intervention studies) and the modified Downs and Black Quality Index(for cross-sectional studies).Results: Twenty-three studies met the inclusionary criteria for review. The results are presented in 2 parts: cross-sectional(n = 15) and intervention studies(n = 8). In the 15 cross-sectional studies selected, endurance runners performed at least 1 HIIT protocol, and the acute impact on physiological, neuromuscular, metabolic and/or biomechanical variables was assessed. Intervention studies lasted a minimum of 4 weeks, with 10 weeks being the longest intervention period, and included 2 to 4 HIIT sessions per week. Most of these studies combined HIIT sessions with continuous run(CR) sessions; 2 studies' subjects performed HIIT exclusively.Conclusion: HIIT-based running plans(2 to 3 HIIT sessions per week, combining HIIT and CR runs) show athletic performance improvements in endurance runners by improving maximal oxygen uptake and running economy along with muscular and metabolic adaptations. To maximize the adaptations to training, both HIIT and CR must be part of training programs for endurance runners.展开更多
This study aimed to examine the relationship be-tween sprint ability and base running of baseball players and track-and- field (T&F) athletes, and to identify the association between sprint ability and running ski...This study aimed to examine the relationship be-tween sprint ability and base running of baseball players and track-and- field (T&F) athletes, and to identify the association between sprint ability and running skill on base running. The subjects were 25 male university baseball players and 15 male T&F athletes without baseball experience. The straight sprint time of 54.8 m and 109.6 m (corresponding to the distance to second and home) was measured. In the home run test, the times to reach each base were measured. In the second base run test, the actual running distance and 3 m section time around the first base were measured. Base running efficiency was obtained by dividing the base running time by the straight sprint time. T&F athletes showed higher values than baseball players only in the 109.6 m straight sprint time (P < 0.05, ES=1.35). Baseball players were significantly superior to T&F athletes in terms of base running efficiency. As for 3 m section times, baseball players showed significant and higher values. The straight sprint time showed significant and high correlations (r = 0.87, 0.90) between the 109.6 m run and the run home and be-tween the 54.8 m run and the second base run in baseball players, but not in T&F athletes. It was found that superior sprint ability does not always lead to good base running. In base running, it is important to run outward to some extent. In particular, the skill acquisition of base running in 3 m sections around the base will contribute to shortening base running time.展开更多
文摘In a recent issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,García-Pinillos et al.~1 reviewed evidence on the effects of highintensity intermittent training(interval training)(HIIT)on muscular and performance adaptations in recreational runners.
基金the University of Jaén for its support to the present study
文摘Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically analyze the literature to determine how high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT) affects recreational endurance runners in the short-and long-term.Methods: Electronic databases were searched for literature dating from January 2000 to October 2015. The search was conducted using the key words "high-intensity intermittent training" or "high-intensity interval exercise" or "interval running" or "sprint interval training" and "endurance runners" or "long distance runners". A systematic approach was used to evaluate the 783 articles identified for initial review. Studies were included if they investigated HIIT in recreational endurance runners. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro) scale(for intervention studies) and the modified Downs and Black Quality Index(for cross-sectional studies).Results: Twenty-three studies met the inclusionary criteria for review. The results are presented in 2 parts: cross-sectional(n = 15) and intervention studies(n = 8). In the 15 cross-sectional studies selected, endurance runners performed at least 1 HIIT protocol, and the acute impact on physiological, neuromuscular, metabolic and/or biomechanical variables was assessed. Intervention studies lasted a minimum of 4 weeks, with 10 weeks being the longest intervention period, and included 2 to 4 HIIT sessions per week. Most of these studies combined HIIT sessions with continuous run(CR) sessions; 2 studies' subjects performed HIIT exclusively.Conclusion: HIIT-based running plans(2 to 3 HIIT sessions per week, combining HIIT and CR runs) show athletic performance improvements in endurance runners by improving maximal oxygen uptake and running economy along with muscular and metabolic adaptations. To maximize the adaptations to training, both HIIT and CR must be part of training programs for endurance runners.
文摘This study aimed to examine the relationship be-tween sprint ability and base running of baseball players and track-and- field (T&F) athletes, and to identify the association between sprint ability and running skill on base running. The subjects were 25 male university baseball players and 15 male T&F athletes without baseball experience. The straight sprint time of 54.8 m and 109.6 m (corresponding to the distance to second and home) was measured. In the home run test, the times to reach each base were measured. In the second base run test, the actual running distance and 3 m section time around the first base were measured. Base running efficiency was obtained by dividing the base running time by the straight sprint time. T&F athletes showed higher values than baseball players only in the 109.6 m straight sprint time (P < 0.05, ES=1.35). Baseball players were significantly superior to T&F athletes in terms of base running efficiency. As for 3 m section times, baseball players showed significant and higher values. The straight sprint time showed significant and high correlations (r = 0.87, 0.90) between the 109.6 m run and the run home and be-tween the 54.8 m run and the second base run in baseball players, but not in T&F athletes. It was found that superior sprint ability does not always lead to good base running. In base running, it is important to run outward to some extent. In particular, the skill acquisition of base running in 3 m sections around the base will contribute to shortening base running time.
