Analysis on the Physical Characteristics of High-level Football Players

This article uses the literature data method and literature review method to review and collect relevant literature,and summarizes and analyzes the representative views on domestic physical fitness research.After summarizing and summarizing,it is considered that:physical energy is the basic athletic ability of the human body expressed through physical qualities such as strength,speed,endurance,coordination,flexibility,and sensitivity,and is an important component of athletes'athletic ability.The level of physical fitness is closely related to the morphological characteristics of the human body and the functional characteristics of the human body.The morphological characteristics of the human body are the structural basis of its physical fitness,and the functional characteristics of the human body are its biological functional basis.As the basic ability of athletes,physical fitness is an important factor of athletes'competitive ability.Each competitive sport has its own specific physical characteristics and training rules and methods.Grasping these laws has very important guiding significance for the improvement of athletes'sports level.

Carving out a Niche African football players feature prominently in the Chinese leagues

The Chinese Football Association Super League （CSL） has broken yet another record. Indeed, the league＇s record recruitment budget of 388 million euros （$342.76 million） yeas broken this season. In 2018, more than 470 million euros （$415.19 million） have been spent on retaining the best football stars that have come to China in recent years, as well as on attracting even more talented footballers.

Automatic Team Assignment and Jersey Number Recognition in Football Videos

Football is one of the most-watched sports,but analyzing players’per-formance is currently difficult and labor intensive.Performance analysis is done manually,which means that someone must watch video recordings and then log each player’s performance.This includes the number of passes and shots taken by each player,the location of the action,and whether or not the play had a successful outcome.Due to the time-consuming nature of manual analyses,interest in automatic analysis tools is high despite the many interdependent phases involved,such as pitch segmentation,player and ball detection,assigning players to their teams,identifying individual players,activity recognition,etc.This paper proposes a system for developing an automatic video analysis tool for sports.The proposed system is the first to integrate multiple phases,such as segmenting the field,detecting the players and the ball,assigning players to their teams,and iden-tifying players’jersey numbers.In team assignment,this research employed unsu-pervised learning based on convolutional autoencoders(CAEs)to learn discriminative latent representations and minimize the latent embedding distance between the players on the same team while simultaneously maximizing the dis-tance between those on opposing teams.This paper also created a highly accurate approach for the real-time detection of the ball.Furthermore,it also addressed the lack of jersey number datasets by creating a new dataset with more than 6,500 images for numbers ranging from 0 to 99.Since achieving a high perfor-mance in deep learning requires a large training set,and the collected dataset was not enough,this research utilized transfer learning(TL)to first pretrain the jersey number detection model on another large dataset and then fine-tune it on the target dataset to increase the accuracy.To test the proposed system,this paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of its individual stages as well as of the sys-tem as a whole.

Impact of Football Fields on His Progress

The purpose of this article is to identify, through the methodology, the impact that the quality of football fields and their continuous improvement influences the football players and the football level in general, as well as the advantages; and disadvantages of this process. In the meantime, it reveals the football field＇s quality effects in the performance at the national championships, at television transmission rights, and sale of football players to foreign clubs. In addition, the dynamics of investment in the last two decades and the Albanian Football Federation objectives for the future are an important part of this article

Preseason elimination impact on anterior cruciate ligament injury in the national football league

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries represent detrimental injuries in the National Football League(NFL).A significant portion of these injuries often occur in preseason exhibitions.The Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic presented a unique disruption to preseason NFL football with the cancelation of all preseason games.AIM To compare the incidence of ACL tears through the first eight weeks of the NFL season in 2020 to the mean incidence over the previous 5 seasons(2015-2019)and determine if there was any change in incidence with the elimination of the preseason.METHODS NFL players who suffered ACL tears during the preseason and first eight weeks of the NFL season from 2015-2020 were identified.The number of ACL injuries for the 2015-2019 seasons was compared to the 2020 season for four different timeframes.For each analysis,the cumulative number of ACL injuries to that time point was used to calculate the percent difference for descriptive analysis.Additionally,the number of teams with at least one player suffering an ACL tear were identified and compared using Chi-Squared testing.Finally,a cumulative relative risk was calculated for each week played.RESULTS There were 14 ACL tears through the first four games of the 2020 season,a 118.8%(14 vs 6.4)increase in comparison to the 5-year average over the first 4 regular season weeks of 2015-2019.However,when accounting for injuries occurring during the preseason from 2015-2019,there were 18.6%(14 vs 17.2)fewer total ACL injuries through regular season week 4 with no significant difference in percentage of teams impacted when these preseason injuries were accounted for P=0.394.Results were similar(19 vs 17.2)over 8 total games played(whether regular season or preseason),and over 8 regular season games(P=0.196,P=0.600).CONCLUSION The elimination of the NFL preseason resulted in a higher rate of injuries during the first 4 games of the regular season.However,these increases are offset by the injuries typically sustained during the preseason.This suggests there may be front-loading of injuries over the course of an NFL season,such that players may be more prone to injury when the intensity of play suddenly increases,whether in the preseason or regular season.

Football Star on the Rise

The year 2017 was a golden one for footballer Christian Mougang Bas sogog, who ended the season on a high note by winning two personal trophies. In addition to his title of Best Player of the 2017 African Cup of Nations （CAN）, the Cameroon forward was voted best African footballer by his peers at the end of the season last November.

新时代高校足球高水平运动员培养的实践路向研究

随着学校体育改革进程的不断深化,推进高校足球高水平运动员的高质量发展已成为历史必然。系统梳理高校足球高水平运动员培养的历史进程和现实困境,构建新时代培养的实践路向,对于积极回应时代诉求,促进学校体育发展和构建足球健康生态具有重要意义。研究认为,我国高校足球高水平运动员经历了试点探索、快速发展和高质量发展三个阶段,认知理念异化、培养模式偏差、传统学训矛盾和职业选择障碍是当前高校足球高水平运动员培养所面临的现实挑战。新时代的高校足球高水平运动员培养应注重构建足球卓越人才培养新模式,探索足球青少年后备人才培养新赛道,打造足球高水平运动员赛事新平台,凝聚足球高水平运动员发展新动力,塑造足球高水平运动员文化新生态。

心理训练在足球运动员竞技能力提升中的应用

足球运动不仅考验运动员的身体素质,还是一场心理战。在追求成功的道路上,心理训练成为提高竞技能力的关键工具。该文探讨了心理训练在提升足球运动员竞技能力中的重要性。通过分析专注力、自信心、情绪管理等关键要素,结合具体训练方法和实战案例,揭示了心理训练与足球运动员综合素质的紧密联系。这对于培养运动员在比赛中的优越表现以及团队合作能力至关重要。

高校高水平女子足球运动员比赛跑动表现特征研究

目的:探讨中国高校高水平女足运动员在运动员排名、位置和比赛时间变化下的足球比赛跑动表现的特征和模式.方法:收集采用GPS可穿戴设备参加中国2020—2021年全国青年校园足球联盟(大学女子超级冠军联赛)的75支球队和393名球员的跑步数据,并对他们在不同比赛、不同位置和不同时期的跑步特征进行比较和分析.结果:①与上半场相比,下半场球员的比赛负荷数据呈下降趋势,上半场和下半场之间存在差异(P<0.01),且存在明显的位置特征.②上半场不同时期的球员跑动能力表现出“W”型特征,下半场表现出“M”型特征,上半场跑动表现一致,下半场有所下降.③上半场前、中、后卫球员在低速、中速、快速跑等方面存在差异(P<0.05),但下半场在高强度区的位置没有差异.球员有低强度的跑动,并在较短的时间内保持高强度的跑动,前后球员在这个指标上优于中场.结论:①比赛中高强度跑动占比较低,相应来讲,低速跑动与中速跑动跑距占比明显增加,同时跑动距离较短,主要表现出运动员的磷酸原和糖酵解系统能量供应与足球比赛所需存在一定的差距.②高强度的跑动距离偏少,中低强度跑距占比的增加反映了比赛中运动员体能恢复所需时间的增加.

足球运动员体能训练理论与实践研究

足球是一项高强度的集体运动,需要球员在比赛中长时间奔跑、快速变化方向、进行高强度的爆发力活动,如跳跃、转身、抢球等。这些活动对球员的身体素质提出了很高的要求,如耐力、速度、灵敏度、柔韧性和力量等。在现代足球比赛中,体能训练已经成为了提高球队竞技水平的关键因素之一。足球运动员的体能训练是保证其在比赛中发挥最佳水平的关键因素。随着足球运动的普及,对运动员体能的要求也越来越高。因此,一种有效的体能训练方法是必不可少的。该文将围绕足球运动员的体能训练,分析其理论基础和实践路径,为促进我国足球运动员体能训练的系统性和针对性提供理论参考。

联合机制补偿在国际足球转会中的实施及其启示

联合机制补偿是青训回报制度的重要组成。该研究对联合机制补偿在国际足球转会中的实施状况及实施机制展开研究,总结其实施经验,并提出联合机制补偿对国内足球转会实施的启示。研究发现:联合机制补偿在国际足球转会中的实施效果难符预期,联合机制补偿的实施机制有待完善;国际足联清算所建立后,联合机制补偿在国际足球转会中形成了包含启动条件判定、权益认定、补偿支付、争议申诉提交在内的实施机制,该机制以提升俱乐部认知为基点,以自动化补偿支付为依托,以数字化申诉提交为保障。联合机制补偿在我国国内足球转会实施中存在俱乐部认知较低、补偿支付保障性不足、球员转会监督机制有待强化的问题。为规范联合机制补偿在我国足球转会中的实施,参考联合机制补偿在国际足球转会中的实施经验,建议发挥中国足协信息化平台的效能,提升俱乐部对联合机制补偿的认知;委托国内清算机构,保障联合机制补偿的支付;强化中国足协的监督保障职责,严格球员转会交易审查。

负重摆动体能训练对青少年足球运动员下肢肌肉力量的影响研究

目的:探究负重摆动体能训练对青少年足球运动员下肢肌肉力量的影响。方法:采用文献资料法和实验法开展系统实验设计和科学数据分析。实验组进行负重摆动体能训练,对照组采用常规训练方式,比较两组在训练周期后下肢肌肉力量的变化情况。研究结果:通过肌肉力量测试和功能性测试指标评估发现,负重摆动体能训练对青少年足球运动员的下肢肌肉力量有显著的提高效果。因此,建议:定期评估和调整训练计划,注重低速度下的肌肉力量训练,综合训练和运动模拟,制定个体化训练计划,重视休息和康复。

中国男足球员职业污名形成机制——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

该研究运用污名化、第三人效应和场域等理论,深度剖析了由“冯巩大战”引发的中国男足球员职业污名现象,构建了由热点事件、应激反应、公众楷模、社会认知等17个范畴以及负面刻板印象、媒体舆论导向、球员生存场域、社会化程度4个主范畴组成的中国男足球员职业污名形成机制理论模型。研究发现:原本就固化于公众心目中的中国男足球员负面刻板印象,经媒体对热点事件的炒作后再次得到加强,并使公众产生相应的负面情绪,当负面情绪遇到球员的“回怼”时,中国男足球员职业污名已不可避免,球员愈想正名愈发污名。研究认为:中国男足球员职业污名既反映了公众对球员的失望和愤怒,亦深层次折射了公众对中国足球理性认知的缺乏,更是当前中国足球社会化程度偏低的现实呈现。研究建议:球员应提升自身的竞技能力,展现拼搏精神,承担社会责任;加强自媒体监管和规范,提倡正向评论,避免夸大负面事件;确保球员权益和利益受到保障,鼓励球员-媒体共生,增强球员心理韧性;建立行业自律,惩戒违规行为,重视足球文化建设。

间歇性低氧训练对足球运动员临场比赛缺氧状态下肌体损伤的影响研究

目的:探究间歇性低氧训练对足球运动员在高强度比赛中缺氧状态下肌体损伤的影响。研究对象为30名足球二级运动员。方法:通过间歇性低氧训练的干预方法,模拟实际比赛中的氧气供应情况。研究结果表明:①间歇性低氧训练对足球运动员在高强度比赛中的训练效果和生理状态产生了积极的影响;②降低AMS发生率、提高生活质量,可对氧气供应和颅内压产生一定影响。据此,建议:强化间歇性低氧训练在足球运动的运用,进一步优化训练方案,确保训练强度和干预措施的有效性;强化足球运动员心理健康支持团队建设,以帮助运动员更好地适应训练和比赛中的压力,通过活动和培训加强队员之间的默契和信任感,以减轻潜在的心理压力。

职业足球运动员转会特征价格模型及其影响因素研究

近年来中国足球的成绩一路走低和职业足球市场持续低迷引发社会高度关注。其中,球员转会价格不断攀升以及由此引发的俱乐部财政问题严重影响职业足球市场,哪些因素影响球员转会价格迄今未有定论。借助特征价格理论,构建职业足球运动员转会特征价格模型,以量化测度影响足球运动员转会价格的因素。影响球员转会价格因素从大到小依次是属性特征、比赛特征和环境特征,属性特征中的转会年龄、受市场欢迎程度、个人商业开发能力和效力过的俱乐部数量,比赛特征中的近期进攻能力和代表国家队出场数,环境特征中买方俱乐部市场实力、联赛差距和转会限制指标等10个指标为显著影响因素。结合中超联赛实证,提出提升职业足球市场自身的造血功能,加强年轻球员培养,鼓励球员转会,注重对球员商业和媒体价值的综合开发与提升联赛市场开发水平等建议。

老年状态下的体育参与何以可能——基于一个业余足球爱好者的生命历程考察

人的生命历程是连续性的,关注“过去的老人”对老年体育研究可能更具有重要意义。将一个业余足球爱好者的个人生命历程寓于中国社会变迁和体育改革进程中加以考察,通过对其体育参与真实样态的揭示来理解其如何构建老年状态下的体育生活。发现,个体的足球参与自始至终在趣缘支撑下进行,且足球参与均受到个体所处人生阶段、社会环境的影响:青少年时期主要被家庭、学业左右,事业发展期受到事业、伤病的牵绊,老年状态下足球参与的延续与拓展则是在过去足球参与经历和当前社会环境的共同作用下达成的。在这一过程中,场域和惯习在实践中“此消彼长”,老年体育的价值和意义是个体不断成长、社会愈加开放共同缔造的结果。

基于多准则决策的国家足球队配置策略研究

选配合适的足球运动员是组建一支高绩效国家足球队的重点,基于多准则决策(MCDM),使用熵权法、K-means聚类算法以及TOPSIS分析法等多种工具对球员进行综合评价与分类。结果表明,中场和后场的球员排名靠前,与中、后场联系紧密的前场球员也表现较好;替换球员排名通常靠后,但替换下场球员整体排名优于替补上场球员;球员的排名也取决于球队整体传接球路线和进攻路径的选择。通过社会网络分析指标与传统技战术指标相结合,采用多准则决策法,教练团队可以更加有效选择运动员,可根据球队与对手的风格选择与调换球员,最大限度发挥球员间的互补性,提升球队协作能力。

复合式对照训练对高校高水平男子足球运动员下肢爆发力的影响

目的:探讨在常规足球训练计划中增加复合式对照训练对高校高水平男子足球运动员下肢爆发力的影响。方法:16名参与者被随机划分为进行复合式对照训练加常规足球训练的实验组(n=8)和进行常规足球训练的对照组(n=8),实验干预为期6周,每周3次。复合式对照训练采取高负荷阻力训练与低负荷增强式训练结合的方案,训练内容包括杠铃深蹲结合深蹲跳、罗马尼亚硬拉结合壶铃摇摆、杠铃弓步蹲结合杠铃弓步跳。通过直线冲刺(30 m)、立定跳远、摆臂纵跳和灵敏测试(T型)来评估比较两组的训练效果。结果:经过6周的训练,实验组各项测试指标的成绩均有显著性提高,对照组除灵敏测试成绩外,其他各项测试指标的成绩均没有显著性提高。结论:6周复合式对照训练可以有效提高高校高水平男子足球运动员的下肢爆发力,建议在高校高水平男子足球运动员的训练计划中增加复合式对照训练内容。

现代足球智能监控技术前沿与应用

现代足球智能监控技术利用计算机视觉技术和数据分析方法对赛场上的事件和数据进行监控和分析,以实现球队战术的优化、训练计划的整合以及球员比赛表现的评估等目标。相对于其他监控技术,智能监控技术对球员技术动作的干扰较小,具备更强的环境适应性。在单一事件(如控球和传球)的细粒度识别任务中,智能监控技术表现出较优越的性能。在全局技战术分析和球员表现评估任务中,智能监控技术展现出精确的数据挖掘能力和直观的可视化分析能力。此外,足球智能监控技术中的裁判辅助模块有助于构建更加客观和准确的判罚机制,维护竞技公平、优化足球比赛的观赏体验、促进裁判水平的提高。

结合TMG探究超等长训练对足球运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉的影响

目的:结合肌肉状态测试分析仪(TMG),将超等长训练与常规力量素质训练进行对比,寻求并证实有效提升足球运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉状态的训练方法。方法:将北京体育大学男子足球校队中的20名受试者随机平均分为实验组和对照组,两组受试者共同进行9周的实验干预,共3个阶段,从而探究超等长训练对运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉状态的影响。结果与结论:超等长训练与常规力量素质训练均可有效提升移动能力与下肢肌肉状态;进行4~6周的超等长训练对提高移动能力和改善下肢肌肉状态的效果最佳,7~9周的提升与改善效果并不明显;运用超等长训练所测得TMG肌肉状态指标肌肉收缩时间(Tc)、肌肉放松时间(Tr)、肌肉反应时间(Td)、肌肉持续紧张时间(Ts)在前6周内均有显著提升,而肌肉径向位移(Dm)改善幅度不大;超等长训练短期内对于运动员的下肢肌肉刺激更有效,有助于提高运动员的移动能力与下肢肌肉状态。