Quantitative determination of the critical points of Mott metal–insulator transition in strongly correlated systems

Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transition in a Hubbard model by using the dynamical mean-field theory and introduce the local quantum state fidelity to depict the Mott metal–insulator transition. The local quantum state fidelity provides a convenient approach to determining the critical point of the Mott transition. Additionally, it presents a consistent description of the two distinct forms of the Mott transition points.

FABRICATION OF HIGH-MELTING POINT METAL COATING

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Effects of low melting point metals(Ga,In,Sn) on hydrolysis properties of aluminum alloys

Low melting point metals（Ga, In, Sn） as alloy elements were used to prepare Al-In-Sn and Al-Ga-In-Sn alloys through mechanical ball milling method. The effects of mass ratio of In to Sn and Ga content on the hydrolysis properties of aluminum alloys were investigated. X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） with energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS） were used to analyze the compositions and morphologies of the obtained Al alloys. The results show that the phase compositions of Al-In-Sn ternary alloys are Al and two intermetallic compounds, In3 Sn and In Sn4. All Al-In-Sn ternary alloys exhibit poor hydrolysis activity at room temperature. Al-In-Sn alloy with the mass ratio of In to Sn equaling 1：4 has the highest hydrogen yield. After Ga is introduced to the ternary alloys, the hydrolysis activity of aluminum alloys at room temperature is greatly improved. It is speculated that the addition of Ga element promotes the formation of defects inside the Al alloys and Ga-In3Sn-In Sn4 eutectic alloys on the alloys surface. Al atoms can be dissolved in this eutectic phase and become the active spots during the hydrolysis process. The small size and uniform distribution of this eutectic phase may be responsible for the enhancement of hydrolysis activity.

PROMOTER FLOW ACTION OF SOLID-STATE LOW MELT POINT METAL ON THE POLYPROPYLENE

With the aid of a slip-disentanglemnt theory, a rheological equation has been deduced about the composite system of solid-state low melting point metal and polymer. By measuring some rheological properties of the composite system composed of low melt point metal and polypropylene (LMPM/PP), the results show that LMPM has a promoter flow action upon PP when using a small amount of LMPM and, if some coupled agents are added, the promoter flow action will be remarkable. Moreover, while LMPM being added into the composite, the temperature sensitivity of system will go rip. This indicates that the system's viscosity will drop further if its temperature is increased.

Multi-Point Forming Technology for Sheet Metal

Multi-point forming (MPF) is an advanced manufacturing technology for three-dimensional sheet metal parts. In this paper, the MPF integrated system is described that can form a variety of part shapes without the need for solid dies, and given only geometry and material information about the desired part. The central component of this system is a pair of matrices of punches, and the desired discrete die surface is constructed by changing the positions of punches though the CAD and control system. The basic MPF process is introduced and the typical application examples show the applicability of the MPF technology. Wrinkle and dimple are the major forming defects in MPF process, numerical simulation is a feasible way to predict forming defects in MPF. In conventional stamping, the mode to form sheet metal with blankholder is an effective way to suppress wrinkling; the same is true in MPF. A MPF press with flexible blankholder was developed, and the forming results indicated the forming stability of this technique. Based on the flexibility of MPF, varying deformation path MPF and sectional MPF were explored that cannot be realized in conventional stamping. By controlling each punch in real-time, a sheet part can be manufactured along a specific forming path. When the path of deformation in MPF is designed properly, forming defects will be avoided completely and lager deformation is achieved. A work piece can be formed section by section though the sectional MPF, and this technique makes it possible to manufacture large size parts in a small MPF press. Some critical experiments were performed that confirmed the validity of two special MPF techniques.

TREATMENT OF OBSTINATE PEPTIC ULCER AND CHRONIC GASTRITIS WITH A METAL RING EMBEDDED IN ZUSANLI ACUPOINT

We had treated 102 cases of obstinate peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis with ametal ring embedded in Zusanli acupoint since October 1989 to October 1992,and got satisfactorytherapeutic effects.The total effective rate is 96.08%,the cure rate of peptic ulcer is 87.32%,therecurrence rate is significantly lower than that of control group(P【0.001),and it has no side-effect.

MESHFREE METHOD BASED ON POINT COLLOCATION FOR METAL FORMING SIMULATION

A meshfree method based on reproducing kernel approximation and point collocation is presented for analysis of metal ring compression. The point collocation method is a true meshfree method without the employment of a background mesh. It is shown that, in a point collocation approach, the remesh problem because of the mesh distortion in FEM （finite element method） and the low efficiency in Galerkin-based meshfree method are avoided. The corrected kernel functions are introduced to the stabilization of free-surface boundary conditions. The solution of symmetric ring compression problem is compared with a conventional finite element solution, and reasonable results have been obtained.

Thermodynamic analysis and modification of Gibbs–Thomson equation for melting point depression of metal nanoparticles

Abnormal melting point depression of metal nanoparticles often occurs in heterogeneous catalytic reactions,which leads to a reduction in the stability of reactive nanoclusters.To study this abnormal phenomenon,the original and surface-energy modified Gibbs-Thomson equations were analyzed in this work and further modified by considering the effect of the substrate.The results revealed that the original Gibbs-Thomson equation was not suitable for the particles with radii smaller than 10 nm.Moreover,the performance of the surface-energy modified Gibbs-Thomson equation was improved,and the deviation was reduced to(-350-100)K,although further modification of the equation by considering the interfacial effect was necessary for the small particles(r<5 nm).The new model with the interfacial effect improved the model performance with a deviation of approximately-50 to 20 K,where the interfacial effect can be predicted quantitatively from the thermodynamic properties of the metal and substrate.Additionally,the micro-wetting parameterα_W can be used to qualitatively study the overall impact of the substrate on the melting point depression.

DISPERSION AND IN SITU FORMED FIBER OF LOW MELTING POINT METALS IN POLYMER

The dispersion mechanism of low melting point metal (LMPM) particles in polymers was studied using Cox dilute emulsion model. The critical destruction shear stress sigma of LMPM droplets is sigma greater than 2 v/d. When sigma is small, LMPM droplets were dispersed and deformed ellipsoidal or bar droplets whose orientation direction is always at an angle of 45 degree with the direction of shear rate. When sigma is very big and droplets are very fine, polymer melt elasticity behavior and big boundary tension between a polymer melt and LMPM droplets make further fining LMPM droplets become more difficult. Therefore, LMPM droplets produce tensile flow and form LMPM microfibrils in situ in polymer melt. SEM photographs have shown the results predicted using dilute emulsion model. (Author abstract) 7 Refs.

无缝钢管张力减径工艺减径率分配修正模型理论研究

无缝钢管张力减径工艺减径率分配是孔型分配合理与否的关键步骤,但其分配仍依赖于经验公式。从金属流动的角度分析了减径率的分配规律,在经验的基础上提出了“三点两段统合式”减径率分配修正模型。将修正模型得到的结果与传统模型计算结果以及企业生产数据相比,发现变化趋势相近,减径率和减径量变化曲线更加光滑,应用于生产有利于金属流动。

多目标金属露天矿配矿装载点选取问题及求解算法

目的:为了减少矿产资源浪费,提高贫矿的利用率,针对大型金属露天矿多装载点配矿问题,综合考虑矿石剩余量不足、铲装设备数量有限等因素对配装载点选取的影响,以品位偏差最小、生产成本最小、车辆总排队时间最短为目标建立配矿装载点选取模型。方法:采用二维矩阵整数编码法,并设计一种基于随机片段交叉与特定变异算子相结合的间接二次遗传优化算法对模型进行求解。结果:以国内某大型金属露天矿实际生产数据为例进行仿真实验,结果表明:所得出的装载点选取方案在受铲装设备数量限制、优先开采矿石剩余量相对较少装载点的条件下,仍能满足配矿计划需求。结论:所提模型、算法能普遍适用于大型金属露天矿山开采,使装载点的矿石得到充分利用。意义:提高了企业的经济效益和矿山整体开采效率。

低熔点合金高低温循环浸渍杨木的性能及机理研究

利用气-液相变自驱动原理,选用Sn-Bi-Pb低熔点合金(LMPA),通过木材含水率的调控及采用高低温交替循环浸渍法,在不破坏木材本身结构的条件下制备了金属化杨木,探讨了低熔点合金在木材中的渗透机理,并分析了金属化杨木的增重率、吸水率、顺纹抗压强度及导热性能。结果表明:提高木材的含水率并在高低温循环条件下浸渍有助于LMPA渗透到木材导管中,当杨木的含水率为60%时,其增重率高达52.47%;浸泡144 h后的吸水率比对照样减小了78.4%,顺纹抗压强度提高了33.75%,导热系数是对照样的2.6倍,在地暖地板领域显示出较好的应用前景。

大连市农地土壤重金属污染及潜在风险评价

我国的耕地土壤重金属污染越来越严重,进行区域土壤重金属污染评价对于制定土壤重金属污染防治政策具有重要意义.旨在探究大连市典型农地土壤重金属污染状况,调查大连市农地表层土壤中的镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)和锰(Mn)7种重金属元素的含量,并定量评价研究区土壤重金属污染水平.研究选择大连市典型农地样地,等间距采集土壤表层样品,采用单因子指数法、内梅罗指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区土壤样品进行污染状况评价和环境风险评价,以期为大连市农地土壤重金属污染的有效防治和农产品的安全健康生产提供科学依据.结果显示:①土壤样品中镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)的元素含量平均值分别为84.74、156.56、89.71、46.74和53.23mg/kg,均符合《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)二级标准;②Hg的变异系数>0.5,污染源为点源污染,推测为人类活动导致;③单因子指数法表明Ni的富集作用最为严重,结合研究区实际情况推测其来源为人为源.内梅罗指数表明大连市土壤存在轻度污染.潜在生态风险指数表明大连市农地土壤存在轻微危害.④大连市农地土壤污染状况相对较轻,土壤质量总体水平较高,但仍需要采取相关措施防止重金属的富集,减少重金属对大连市农地土壤的负面影响.

基于概率热力图的钣金件抓取点生成与评估

为快速确定钣金件抓取位置,提高抓取自动化程度,提出一种基于概率热力图的钣金件抓取点生成方法。基于钣金件与端拾器投影计算单因素概率热力图,评估钣金件与端拾器重叠程度、钣金件几何中心位置、钣金件表面起伏程度;融合各单因素概率热力图对概率热力图进行随机网格划分,并以数值最高处作为抓取位置;最后通过有限元仿真验证抓取点有效性。结果表明,所提抓取点生成与评估方法可以适应不同抓取工况,单次概率热力图计算及抓取点生成需1.58 s。Q345b钣金件被抓取最大形变为7.993 mm,最大等效应力为158.42 MPa,小于钣金件材料屈服强度。

超高速碰撞下相变效应的交错网格物质点法研究

超高速碰撞下的结构毁伤过程常伴随材料相变、断裂失效及碎片云的产生与演化,其所具有的压力强间断、材料非线性等几何大变形等问题给数值模拟带来了困难。交错网格物质点法SGMP通过背景网格格心积分消除了物质点法MPM跨网格误差,是模拟固体冲击爆炸等极端大变形与材料破坏问题的一种有效数值分析方法。本文将含金属相变的GRAY状态方程及含非线性内聚力断裂的Johnson-Cook修正金属模型引入SGMP中,模拟超高速碰撞单层、多层靶板问题。结果表明,SGMP和修正金属模型可以很好地模拟超高速碰撞问题中的碎片云形貌特征和相变效应。

用于温度传感器原位在线校准的水三相点自动复现控制系统

温度传感器在长时间温度测量中会出现性能漂移导致测量误差,为现场实时校准温度传感器实现长期稳定的高精度测量,需要基于国际温标ITS-90规定的温度固定点,对传感器进行无人自主原位校准。水三相点是水、冰、气三相平衡共存的温度点,其温度为国际温标中的0.01℃固定点,是对传感器进行校准的最常用的固定温度点。水三相点瓶是再现水三相点的关键装置。相较于传统的玻璃外壳水三相点瓶,金属外壳的水三相点瓶更为耐用,更适用于自动原位校准。为了实现水三相点的自动浮现,根据高纯水自发相变原理,设计了一种基于半导体帕尔贴效应快速稳定复现水三相点的自动控制系统及其控制方法。利用热电制冷器(TEC)和温度控制器为金属水三相点瓶提供过冷环境,在基于模型的制冷调度算法控制下,实现了较长时间保持稳定的水三相点状态。实验室测试表明,该控制系统可以在150 min内达到0.01℃的温坪,并保持稳定的三相点温度20 min及温度波动度±1 mK。温度原位在线自动校准系统可以为深海、深空及偏远地区的高精度温度测量提供校准服务。

铝合金板料成形间距对逐点连续电磁成形过程的影响规律

电磁成形具有高速成形和提高材料塑性成形性能的特点,非常适用于准静态下难加工轻质铝合金材料的成形。在电磁系统中加入集磁器可以实现对工件的局部加工,但当电磁集中在小区域内多次成形时,由于两个成形点的距离较小,存在局部变形相互影响的区域,从而影响板料成形的均匀性。为研究逐点连续电磁成形过程中局部变形之间的相互作用机理,采用数值模拟结合实验验证的方法,探究了金属板料小区域逐点连续电磁成形过程中的变形行为,揭示了成形间距对板料成形涉及的电磁力、应变和最终成形效果的影响规律。研究结果表明,在单次电磁成形时,板料受到的电磁力呈环状分布,成形点中心受到径向与切向压应变和轴向拉应变,成形点四周受到径向拉应变和轴向与切向的压应变。在多次成形时,随着两成形点间距减小,板料在第二次成形时受到变形区的影响,影响间距为14 mm,板料中心所受的径向压应变和轴向拉应变增大,板料电磁力逐渐增大。第二成形点中心的成形高度随着两成形点间距的增加逐渐增加,两个成形点衔接处的凹槽深度也越深,而两个成形点衔接处的径向拉应变随着成形间距的增加表现为先增大后减小的趋势。本研究为在铝合金板料多点电磁成形过程中两点变形间距对电磁力和成形效果的影响提供了理论依据。

山竹皮吸附剂对铜离子的吸附行为及其燃烧特性研究

以山竹果皮渣为原料,经过异丙醇脱色、碱性试剂活化制备出吸附材料,用于吸附溶液中的铜离子。实验结果表明,pH值升高有利于山竹皮吸附剂吸附铜离子,最大吸附容量达1.5 molCu^(2+)/kg,且30 min内可达到吸附平衡。负载铜离子数量对吸附剂燃烧热分解的特征温度有显著影响,铜离子浓度低于2 mmol/L时,负载的铜离子数量增加,其开始热分解以及剧烈燃烧分解的温度点显著降低;铜离子浓度高于2 mmol/L后,其热分解温度特征值不再发生明显变化。铜离子在燃烧过程中扮演催化剂的作用,能有效促进燃烧反应。

碱金属对氧化球团回转窑结圈的影响机制

回转窑结圈是制约回转窑生产氧化球团的主要因素,窑内结圈会影响温度场的分布并减小回转窑内径,导致成品矿强度及性能恶化,增加生产能耗。改善结圈问题有助于降低回转窑生产球团能耗,提高球团矿质量,推动铁前造块工艺节能减排。本文重点分析了碱金属(K/Na)对回转窑结圈的影响机制,即K_(2)O、Na_(2)O是以形成低熔点物相实现在微区液相富集,并随含量增加显著降低低熔点物质开始熔化温度和增加液相占比。

基于TRIZ理论的薄板类零件三维扫描检测方案优化

为解决薄板类零件三维扫描检测过程中整体数据获取困难、效率低且无法模拟实际工况测量的问题,本文基于TRIZ创新理论对薄板类零件的三维扫描检测方案进行了优化。对现有问题进行分析后,利用因果链分析、九屏图法、技术矛盾等方法,结合薄板类零件的扫描实际流程,最终设计了多支点柔性夹具,并优化了三维扫描检测过程。以汽车钣金件为例,对优化方案进行了验证,为薄板类零件的质量检测提供了一种新的高效精准的检测方法。