Objective To identify and reduce the gap between China’s drug GMP inspection and pharmaceutical inspection co-operation scheme(PIC/S)audit checklist,find out the key improvement items,and revise them pertinently,whic...Objective To identify and reduce the gap between China’s drug GMP inspection and pharmaceutical inspection co-operation scheme(PIC/S)audit checklist,find out the key improvement items,and revise them pertinently,which will promote the process of China joining PIC/S.Methods The general situation of PIC/S organization and audit checklist were introduced first,and then the accession of several countries that joined the organization was analyzed.Meanwhile,the process of China’s participation in PIC/S was sorted out.After referring to the contents of PIC/S audit checklist,the problems of GMP inspection system in China were studied.Results and Conclusion There are still many problems in GMP inspection in China.Some suggestions are put forward for improvement and change,which can provide reference for the development of drug inspection agencies at all levels in China.展开更多
Optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) is one of the most significant parameters for the performance characterization of random fiber lasers(RFLs) and their application potentiality in sensing and telecommunication. An e...Optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) is one of the most significant parameters for the performance characterization of random fiber lasers(RFLs) and their application potentiality in sensing and telecommunication. An effective way to improve the OSNR of RFLs is pump scheme optimization, for example, employing a temporally stable source as the pump. In this paper, the output performance of an incoherently pumped RFL dependence on the pump bandwidth has been investigated both in experiment and theory. It is found that a high-OSNR RFL can be achieved with broadband amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) source pumping, and a relatively broad pump bandwidth can also help suppress the spectral broadening while maintaining an ultra-high spectral purity.By optimizing the pump bandwidth to ~10 nm, maximum OSNR of ~39 dB(corresponding to a spectral purity of ~99.96%) with more than 99 W output power can be obtained. Moreover, for the pump bandwidth of 0.6–40 nm, the spectral purity can reach as high as >99% with the pump power ranging from ~85 to ~117 W.In addition, with the aid of theoretical simulation based on a modified power balance model, we find that the increment of pump bandwidth can decrease the effective Raman gain coefficient, further influencing the gain characteristics, nonlinear effects, and eventually the output performance. This work provides new insight into the influence of the pump characteristics on the output performance of incoherently pumped RFLs.展开更多
We present our efforts towards power scaling of Er:Lu_(2)O_(3)lasers at 2.85μm.By applying a dual-end diode-pumped resonator scheme,we achieve an output power of 14.1 W at an absorbed pump power of 59.7 W with a slop...We present our efforts towards power scaling of Er:Lu_(2)O_(3)lasers at 2.85μm.By applying a dual-end diode-pumped resonator scheme,we achieve an output power of 14.1 W at an absorbed pump power of 59.7 W with a slope efficiency of 26%.In a single-end pumped resonator scheme,an output power of 10.1 W is reached under 41.9 W of absorbed pump power.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first single crystalline mid-infrared rare-earth-based solid-state laser with an output power exceeding 10 W at room temperature.展开更多
文摘Objective To identify and reduce the gap between China’s drug GMP inspection and pharmaceutical inspection co-operation scheme(PIC/S)audit checklist,find out the key improvement items,and revise them pertinently,which will promote the process of China joining PIC/S.Methods The general situation of PIC/S organization and audit checklist were introduced first,and then the accession of several countries that joined the organization was analyzed.Meanwhile,the process of China’s participation in PIC/S was sorted out.After referring to the contents of PIC/S audit checklist,the problems of GMP inspection system in China were studied.Results and Conclusion There are still many problems in GMP inspection in China.Some suggestions are put forward for improvement and change,which can provide reference for the development of drug inspection agencies at all levels in China.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61635005)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2018JJ3588)Huo Yingdong Education Foundation(151062)
文摘Optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) is one of the most significant parameters for the performance characterization of random fiber lasers(RFLs) and their application potentiality in sensing and telecommunication. An effective way to improve the OSNR of RFLs is pump scheme optimization, for example, employing a temporally stable source as the pump. In this paper, the output performance of an incoherently pumped RFL dependence on the pump bandwidth has been investigated both in experiment and theory. It is found that a high-OSNR RFL can be achieved with broadband amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) source pumping, and a relatively broad pump bandwidth can also help suppress the spectral broadening while maintaining an ultra-high spectral purity.By optimizing the pump bandwidth to ~10 nm, maximum OSNR of ~39 dB(corresponding to a spectral purity of ~99.96%) with more than 99 W output power can be obtained. Moreover, for the pump bandwidth of 0.6–40 nm, the spectral purity can reach as high as >99% with the pump power ranging from ~85 to ~117 W.In addition, with the aid of theoretical simulation based on a modified power balance model, we find that the increment of pump bandwidth can decrease the effective Raman gain coefficient, further influencing the gain characteristics, nonlinear effects, and eventually the output performance. This work provides new insight into the influence of the pump characteristics on the output performance of incoherently pumped RFLs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62175132,61605100,and 12174212)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2020MF116 and ZR2019MF061)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University。
文摘We present our efforts towards power scaling of Er:Lu_(2)O_(3)lasers at 2.85μm.By applying a dual-end diode-pumped resonator scheme,we achieve an output power of 14.1 W at an absorbed pump power of 59.7 W with a slope efficiency of 26%.In a single-end pumped resonator scheme,an output power of 10.1 W is reached under 41.9 W of absorbed pump power.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first single crystalline mid-infrared rare-earth-based solid-state laser with an output power exceeding 10 W at room temperature.
