Determination of Curie Point Depth and Heat Flow Using Airborne Magnetic Data over the Kom-Ombo and Nuqra Basins, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt

The Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in southern Egypt have recently been discovered as potential hydrocarbon basins. The lack of information about the geothermal gradient and heat flow in the study area gives importance to studying the heat flow and the geothermal gradient. Several studies were carried out to investigate the geothermal analyses of the northwestern desert, as well as the west and east of the Nile River, using density, compressive wave velocity, and bottom hole temperature (BHT) measured from deep oil wells. This research relies on spectral analysis of airborne magnetic survey data in the Kom-Ombo and Nuqra basins in order to estimate the geothermal gradient based on calculating the depth to the bottom of the magnetic source that caused the occurrence of these magnetic deviations. This depth is equal to the CPD, at which the material loses its magnetic polarisation. This method is fast and gives satisfactory results. Usually, it can be applied as a reconnaissance technique for geothermal exploration targets due to the abundance of magnetic data. The depth of the top (Zt) and centroid (Z0) of the magnetic source bodies was calculated for the 32 windows representing the study area using spectral analysis of airborne magnetic data. The curie-isotherm depth, geothermal gradient, and heat flow maps were constructed for the study area. The results showed that the CPD in the study area ranges from 13 km to 20 km. The heat flow map values range from 69 to 109 mW/m2, with an average of about 80 mW/m2. The calculated heat flow values in the assigned areas (A, B, C, and D) of the study area are considered to have high heat flow values, reaching 109 mW/m2. On the other hand, the heat flow values in the other parts range from 70 to 85 mW/m2. Since heat flow plays an essential role in the maturation of organic matter, it is recommended that hydrocarbon accumulations be located in places with high heat flow values, while deep drilling of hydrocarbon wells is recommended in places with low to moderate heat flow values.

Study of Residual Basin and Tectonolayering Based on Airborne Gravity and Magnetic Data

This paper takes the South Yellow Sea as an example to show a new method for comprehensive geological-geophysical research such as residual basin and tectonolayering using airborne gravity and magnetic data in China. Based on airborne gravity and magnetic data, by measuring and analyzing stratigraphic density and susceptibility, the depths to the pre-Sinian magnetic basement top, the pre-Jurassic top and the Cenozoic bottom, are obtained by forward and inverse methods constrained by seismic and drilling data; and furthermore, the residual thicknesses of the Sinian-Triassic, the Jurassic-Cretaceous and the Cenozoic are calculated. Based on airborne gravity and magnetic anomalies, the faults in the pre-Sinian magnetic basement, the Jurassic-Cretaceous and the Cenozoic are respectively interpreted by the qualitative and quantitative methods. On the basis of the above study, and combining regional important tectonic events, four tectonolayers are divided in the vertical succession in South Yellow Sea, namely the pre-Sinian magnetic basement, the Sinian-Triassic, the Jurassic-Cretaceous and the Cenozoic. The result shows that there are thick Cenozoic and Jurassic-Cretaceous strata and thin residual Sinian-Triassic strata in the Suzhong-Huangnan depression area, but there are thin or only sporadic Mesozoic-Cenozoic terrestrial strata and thick Sinian-Triassic marine strata reserved in Subei-Huangzhong uplift area and Sunan-Wunansha uplift area. The four tectonolayers are very different in structures as well as distributions in plane.

Integrating of Remote Sensing and Airborne Magnetic Data to Outline the Geologic Structural Lineaments That Controlled Mineralization Deposits for the Area around Gabal El-Niteishat, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

The Gabal (G.) El-Niteishat area lies in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt which is known for various mineral resources and geological structures. Umm Gheig, Umm Naggat, Umm Shaddad, Wadi (W.) Zeidun and Sigdit represent some important regions that contain mineral deposits in the study area. Various filters such as first vertical derivative (FVD), horizontal gradient magnitude (HGM), tilt derivative (TDR) and near-surface were applied to the airborne magnetic data for the study area to deduce the structural lineaments and magnetic source edges which were controlled by the presence of mineral deposits. Processed Landsat ETM+ images are used for delineating the rock unit boundaries that are exposed in the study area such as serpentinite, metagabbro, metavolcanics and metasediments. Also, band ratios, principal component analysis (PCA) and false-color composite image (Crosta alteration image) were applied to get specific results about the alteration zones. The structural lineaments analysis illustrated that the common trends that affected the study area were NW-SE, NE-SW, E-W and N-S. Integration of remote sensing and airborne magnetic data exhibited the relation between mineralization and structural lineaments.

Influence of the 60 Hz Magnetic Field on the Airborne Microbial Distribution of Indoor Environments

The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of the magnetic field generated by the household appliances on the airborne microbial surrounding these equipment located on indoor environments with particular interest in the environmental fungi.A simultaneous environmental study was carried out in locals of three different geographical places of Havana,Cuba,which have televisions,computers and an electric generator.The air samples were made by a sedimentation method using Malt Extract Agar.The concentration of total aerobic mesophilic as well as fungi and yeasts were determined in rainy and little rainy seasons by applying as factors:exposure time of dishes(5 to 60 min)and distance to the wall(0 and 1 m)at a height of 1 m above the floor.The predominant fungal genera were Cladosporium,Penicillium and Aspergillus.In the dishes that were placed at 0 and 0.5 m from the emitting sources were observed that some bacteria colonies formed inhibition halos,a great diversity of filamentous fungi and an increase in the mycelium pigmentation as well as the pigments excretion.In the rainy season,the highest amounts of fungi were obtained in all samples.In the little rain season the count of the Gram-negative bacilli increased three times the Gram-positive cocci.

Review and Analysis of Geological Structural Model by Using Geomagnetic, Case Study: Haji Abad Region in Iran’s Zagros Zone

The use of geomagnetic for geophysical and geological studies is a new method for receiving different information from new and old faults and lineaments. Accordingly, the present study is applied research and it use combined the two methods, analytical signal and Euler’s combined method and invented a new combined method to estimate the depth, location and shape of the magnetic and gravity sources. As a case, this research selected Iran’s Zagros zone. This region due to the geological dynamics is considered by many geologists. In this regard, the 1:250,000 framework of Haji Abad was selected as a case study because of its convenient location for structural analysis. As a result, with airborne magnetic images survey, and applying filters in the vertical derivative and analytical signal, lineaments in depth of this region discovered and investigated.

Characteristics and Geological Significance of Aeromagnetic Data in the South of Shanxi

The study area is located in the south margin of the North China Block, the south end of the juncture between the Ordos Block and the Hehuai Block, which is part of Fen-Wei Graben System and located in the south of Shanxi Cenozoic fault basin in the central part of the North China Craton. The study area has complex regional geological structure, intense tectonic movement and frequent magmatic activities. Based on the latest high-precision aeromagnetic data, integrated interpretation was completed, combining with the existing geological and geophysical research results. According to the block features in different zones of the RTP aeromagnetic data, this article thoroughly studied the characteristics of aeromagnetic anomalies and found the relationship between aeromagnetic anomalies and surface geological information, and the fault distribution, magmatic rock distribution and magnetic characteristics in this area are discussed.

黑龙江省二龙山地区航放航磁特征及其金矿床找矿前景

黑龙江省二龙山地区地处嫩江大断裂北西侧、龙江隆起带西南缘,该区已发现多个金矿点。本文在前人工作的基础上,利用最新的高精度航放航磁测量数据,研究了黑龙江省二龙山地区金矿床航磁航放特征,结合区域地质背景,分析认为二龙山地区岩金矿床多发育于花岗岩韧性剪切带及构造破碎带中,在航放场上多位于钍高值区(含量一般为10~12μg/g),在航磁上呈平缓的负磁异常特征(幅值一般为-150~-50nT),总体上具有明显的“低磁、低钾、高钍”特征,同时钍钾比、钍增量均有较好的反映。研究成果可为本区快速寻找金矿提供找矿线索,具有较好的实用价值,也为该区及周边地区实现快速找矿突破提供了依据。

基于有限元法的水下航行器地磁异常模拟研究

为改进水下航行器磁异常探测技术中磁异常实测数据难获得、现有磁体模型计算精度不高等问题,基于有限元仿真探讨建立无需区分近、远场的高精度混合磁体模型方法。应用有限元数值方法仿真复杂结构水下航行器的空间磁异常分布,以磁场数值解为收敛目标,建立以偶极子阵元数目、位置及磁矩为参数的均匀磁化椭球体与偶极子阵列混合的航行器磁异常解析模型,采用非线性最小二乘算法求解模型系数。仿真结果表明,基于该模型得到磁异常计算值与全空间内数值解的拟合度较高,测试平面平均误差为3%。该模型在磁场延拓、高精度建模等方面可以进一步应用。

基于航空重磁资料对大杨树盆地南部及周边岩浆岩分布规律的认识

基于区域地质-地球物理综合研究,利用最新实测的航空重磁综合测量数据,结合野外踏勘与物性测量结果,采用化极、向上延拓、垂向导数等场源分离或异常提取技术,研究了大杨树盆地南部及周边不同类型岩浆岩的重磁异常响应,圈定了其空间分布范围,揭示了区域岩浆岩发育特征、分布规律及其控制因素。研究表明,研究区不同类型的岩浆岩具有迥然不同的航磁异常特征;本次采用的突出局部重磁异常的地球物理方法可以有效识别酸性、中酸性、中基性等岩浆岩;本次系统圈定了具有地质意义的岩浆岩百余处,多数岩浆岩沿北东向与北西向断裂及其两侧分布,尤以断裂交汇部位最为发育,说明断裂对岩浆活动具有明显的控制作用;航空重磁揭示研究区发育较大规模的隐伏中基性火山岩,为区域基础地质研究和火山岩盆地油气藏资源评价提供了重要的地质-地球物理依据。

北部海岸带(台州以北)航磁推断的基底构造特征

北部海岸带(台州以北)横跨华北地块、下扬子地块和华夏地块三个构造单元,区域地质构造复杂,岩浆活动强烈,断裂发育。本文以最新编制的航磁资料为主,结合航空重力、区域地质和实测岩石物性资料等,对北部海岸带(台州以北)进行了航磁综合解释。依据化极航磁ΔT反映的东西分带和南北分块的特点,详细分析了磁场面貌、特征及其与区域构造的对应关系,展现了不同特征的磁场是构造、岩浆活动以及地层分布等信息的综合体现,并进一步对基底岩相构造进行了划分和研究。郯庐断裂带以西的渤海海岸带,以团块状正磁异常为特征,基底由太古宇迁西群、鞍山群、泰山群及古元古界变质岩构成,以东为变化负磁异常区,磁场由鞍山群、胶东群、辽河群及粉子山群变质岩系及部分中酸性岩浆岩引起;南黄海海岸带的团块状正磁异常与太古宇变质岩有关,基底由元古宇变质岩构成;苏南-勿南沙和浙闽沿海地区的剧烈变化磁异常带,是被中新生代岩浆岩强烈改造了的元古宇弱磁性变质基底;东海海岸带是以北北东向展布的正负相间磁异常带为特征,变质基底由元古宇陈蔡群的变质岩构成,正磁异常带主要是岩浆岩带的反映。基底岩相构造在航空重磁场上的特征,对区内构造单元划分及地质演化具有重要的参考价值。

北部海岸带(台州以北)航磁反映的断裂和岩性构造特征

北部海岸带(台州以北)横跨华北地块、下扬子地块和华夏地块三个构造单元,区域地质构造复杂,岩浆活动强烈,断裂发育。本文以最新编制的航磁资料为主,结合航空重力、区域地质和实测岩石物性资料等,对区内的岩浆岩航磁异常特征及分布规律、断裂进行划分和研究;圈定各类侵入岩和火山岩数百处,岩浆活动主要集中于中新生代,以燕山期为主,受深大断裂控制;断裂主要以NE向、NNE向及NW向为主,间有SN向、EW向及弧形断裂存在,前者对区域构造、岩浆活动等有明显的控制作用;并利用天然地震震中分布和GPS速度场等信息初步探讨了断裂活动性。研究成果为服务于国家重大战略需求和海岸带综合地质调查,解决重大地质问题,实现海陆统筹的目标和服务于北部海岸带(台州以北)经济区规划、城市群规划选址、重大工程建设等提供了参考依据。

羌塘盆地白云湖凹陷航空重磁异常特征及其油气勘探意义

航空重磁数据是揭示盆地深部构造的有效手段,本文通过最新测量的航空重磁数据结合野外实测物性资料,阐述了白云湖凹陷航空重、磁异常特征及其地质成因,利用航空重磁资料识别出白云湖凹陷断裂与岩浆岩的分布情况,采用人工切线法、功率谱分析法和Parker-Oldenburg迭代反演算法,计算了白云湖凹陷基底埋藏深度与中生界底面构造形态,并通过重点剖面重磁综合解释,对构造分层结果进行了验证。研究结果表明白云湖凹陷中生界、古生界沉积层的起伏变化是引起重力异常的主要因素,区域航磁异常则主要反映了前寒武纪基底展布特征。白云湖凹陷基底埋深较深,中生界分布连续且厚度较大,区域断裂—岩浆活动不发育,整体受构造运动影响较少,具有较好的油气勘探前景。

航空重(磁)多参量梯度探测与反演技术研究进展

航空重磁梯度、张量梯度测量能有效地减弱环境噪声的干扰,更高分辨率地描述地质体的分布并突出浅部地质体,随着测量装备的成熟,已经在油气与矿产资源勘查中得到应用。本文系统地总结了航空重(磁)多参量梯度探测技术的研究进展,为后续相关研究提供借鉴。基于航空重磁多参量梯度技术的研究背景,总结了国内外装备的进展。针对航空重磁多参量梯度数据的特点,介绍了其数据处理流程;针对航空重磁多参量梯度的分辨率特征,总结了现今重磁多参量梯度的高分辨率反演以及联合反演方法;基于航空重磁多参量梯度探测技术在矿产和油气资源勘查中的应用特征,分析了该项技术在深部资源勘查等方面的应用前景,明确了其在识别地下构造、寻找矿产资源、探测地下小型目标体等方面的应用进展。

基于航放航磁数据的两种成矿预测软件应用对比研究

为了进一步开发利用航放航磁数据,提供铀及多金属矿找矿线索,将自主研发的成矿预测专家系统和引进的俄罗斯半定量预测软件在阿拉善盟中部和乌拉特后旗-包头一带开展铀矿和金矿成矿预测应用效果对比分析。结果表明:基于航放航磁数据开展成矿预测,成矿预测专家系统结果和半定量预测结果基本一致,且在基岩出露地区专家预测结果更为精准、科学。成矿预测专家系统具有自主研发、数据准备简单、操作简便等优点,可有效代替原有半定量预测软件。

Design and analysis of the Macao Science Satellite-1's laser retro-reflector array

The origin and spatial-temporal variation of the Earth’s magnetic field(EMF)is one of the important scientific problems that has long been unsolved.The Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)under construction is China’s first high-precision EMF measurement satellite.To satisfy the highly precise requirements of the MSS-1 orbit measurement,a light,high-precision,four-prism laser retroreflector array was designed.It weighs approximately 285 g,its effective reflection area is greater than 1.77 cm^(2),and its size is 100×100×41 mm.The laser retro-reflector array has excellent performance,and it can achieve a ranging precision at the subcentimeter level for satellite laser ranging.It will be developed and installed on the MSS-1 as a power-free load for high-precision orbit measurement and accurate orbit calibration.The MSS-1 is planned to be brought into the International Laser Ranging Service observations.More than 31satellite laser ranging stations in the International Laser Ranging Service around the world will be able to measure the MSS-1 with long arcs,which will support the scientific mission of high-precision EMF exploration.

永磁同步电机驱动的小型三轴机载光电平台鲁棒控制系统设计

针对永磁同步电机驱动的小型三轴机载光电平台,进行了鲁棒控制系统设计的研究。在进行动力学分析的基础上,建立了三轴机载光电平台的简化多输入多输出模型。综合考虑性能、成本、体积等问题,设计了基于DSP的三通道永磁同步电机伺服控制器。针对载机姿态变化等系统内外部扰动对控制系统惯性稳定精度带来的影响,设计了基于扰动观测器的闭环控制算法,并讨论了扰动观测器的实际物理可实现问题。实验结果表明,与传统控制方法相比,结合扰动观测器的闭环控制方法具有惯性稳定精度高、鲁棒性强的特点,在sin(2πt)°和3sin(0.2πt)°正弦扰动条件下,分别实现了81.83和63.17μrad惯性稳定精度。所设计的小型三轴机载光电平台控制系统具有体积小,惯性稳定精度高,控制算法便于工程实现的特点,具有很高应用价值。

莫桑比克上利戈尼亚地区航磁、航放异常特征及钽-铌矿找矿方向

为深化莫桑比克上利戈尼亚钽−铌稀有元素成矿带区域成矿规律研究,充分挖掘已有区域成果资料中隐含的找矿有利信息,笔者对所收集莫桑比克北部地区高精度航磁、航放测量网格数据进行转换处理,加强成矿弱信息提取,并在已有成果认识基础上开展区内地质构造的综合推断解释,分析总结区内的航磁、航放异常展布特征及与本区伟晶岩型钽−铌矿的空间对应关系,查明区内主要控矿构造−纳玛玛逆冲推覆带的分布范围和内部断裂构造展布特征。结合区内姆艾尼大型钽铌矿床航空物探综合异常特征,对全区进行类比找矿预测,圈定钽铌矿远景区5处。研究认为,该成矿带北东向延伸被F2断裂错断,南西向断距超过20 km,引起成矿有利区的整体北西转移,追索异常找矿意义重大。

航空重磁构造分层与新层系研究——以松辽盆地嫩江—林甸地区为例

本文聚焦盆地结构和新层系研究,基于最新采集的航空重磁综合测量数据和岩石样本物性数据,结合重点地区井震资料,对异常数据进行多尺度构造分层,构建了松辽盆地中北部浅—中—深三维空间结构格架;通过定性与定量研究,系统分析了研究区上白垩统底面、中生界底面、磁性基底顶面等深度以及上白垩统、上侏罗统—下白垩统、上古生界等厚度,为研究区域上古生界、上侏罗统—下白垩统等含油气新层系、探讨盆地结构特征对油气的控制作用提供地球物理证据。研究结果表明,研究区不同地段的上古生界残留厚度差异性显著,厚度变化范围在0~9300 m之间,西部和北东部残留厚度较大,北部和东部局部缺失;上侏罗统—下白垩统厚度和埋藏深度在研究区北、南部明显不同,总体呈现南部较厚而且埋藏较深北部较薄而且局部缺失的特征。

基于位场曲面延拓的航磁成图数据精度评价方法研究

为了评价航磁成图数据精度,通常在完成精细调平等处理后依据航空磁测总精度评价方法进行评价.但经过精细调平或反复调平可以使成图数据精度达到很高,不能反应实际情况.针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于位场曲面延拓的航磁成图数据精度评价方法,该方法是将航磁数据经各项改正后、精细调平前的测线数据通过非规则网延拓算法延拓至切割线测点(或交叉点)处,再计算二者的均方根偏差来进行精度评价.该精度评价方法不需要经过精细调平也可避免多次调平,不需要舍弃交叉点,并且克服了交叉点处点位坐标不一致的问题,可以客观地评价航磁成图数据的精度,也作为评价航磁数据精度的一种新方法,同时也可用该曲面延拓方法进行曲面数据处理成图.通过模型测试和实际资料处理,验证了该方法的正确性和实用性.

中国东部航空重磁断裂结构探测——以日照—连云港地区为例

日照—连云港地区处于华北板块与下扬子板块构造交汇处。由于大地构造位置的特殊性和重要性,被地球科学家们广泛关注。但是对苏鲁造山带的大地构造属性、边界范围等地质问题存在争议(张玄杰等,2017)。另外,研究区处于海陆过度区,海陆之间的地质及地球物理资料的不连续性制约了研究区构造边界划分、基底构造性质等基础地质问题的研究与探讨。本研究基于航空重磁资料.