Effects of Combined Instantaneous High-Pressure and MediumTemperature on the Retention of Total Vitamin Cin Wax Gourd Juices

Based on the instantaneous high-pressure(IHP)produced by high-pressure single pole-cylinder pump, the effects of combining this pressure with medium temperature on the retention of total vitamin C(Vc)in wax gourd juices were investigated under 20 - 80 MPa, 35 - 58℃, pH 3. 0 - 6. 0 and processing time 0-8 min. Results showed that the loss of Vc increased with elevated processing temperatures(50 MPa, 4 min). When the temperature of raw juices was 35℃, the retention of total Vc was higher under 40 - 60 MPa than that under the pressure < 40 MPa or > 60 MPa, and it was up to 94%(4 min). The retention of total Vc decreases slowly within 6 min, but rapidly after 6 min. The pH can also influence the retention of total Vc, and this retention can come to a highest point at pH 6.0.

Development of a Novel Parallel-spool Pilot Operated High-pressure Solenoid Valve with High Flow Rate and High Speed

High-pressure solenoid valve with high flow rate and high speed is a key component in an underwater driving system.However,traditional single spool pilot operated valve cannot meet the demands of both high flow rate and high speed simultaneously.A new structure for a high pressure solenoid valve is needed to meet the demand of the underwater driving system.A novel parallel-spool pilot operated high-pressure solenoid valve is proposed to overcome the drawback of the current single spool design.Mathematical models of the opening process and flow rate of the valve are established.Opening response time of the valve is subdivided into 4 parts to analyze the properties of the opening response.Corresponding formulas to solve 4 parts of the response time are derived.Key factors that influence the opening response time are analyzed.According to the mathematical model of the valve,a simulation of the opening process is carried out by MATLAB.Parameters are chosen based on theoretical analysis to design the test prototype of the new type of valve.Opening response time of the designed valve is tested by verifying response of the current in the coil and displacement of the main valve spool.The experimental results are in agreement with the simulated results,therefore the validity of the theoretical analysis is verified.Experimental opening response time of the valve is 48.3 ms at working pressure of 10 MPa.The flow capacity test shows that the largest effective area is 126 mm2 and the largest air flow rate is 2320 L/s.According to the result of the load driving test,the valve can meet the demands of the driving system.The proposed valve with parallel spools provides a new method for the design of a high-pressure valve with fast response and large flow rate.

Numerical and experimental investigation of leakage behavior at null position of high-pressure electro-pneumatic servo valve

The high-pressure electro-pneumatic servo valve(HESV)is a core element of the high-pressure pneumatic servo system.The annular clearance and the rounded corner of the spool-sleeve can cause the leakage at null position,thereby affecting high-precision control and stability of the servo system.This paper investigates the effects of the clearance structure on leakage behavior at null position of the HESV.A numerical approach was employed to evaluate the effects,and then a mathematical model was established to obtain the variation law of leakage flow rate at null position.The results indicate that the leakage flow rate at null position varies linearly with supply pressure and rounded corner radius,and is nonlinear as a quadratic concave function with annular clearance.The leakage flow rate of the annular clearance and the rounded corner varies with the valve opening in an invariable−nonlinear−linear trend.A test rig system of leakage behavior at null position of the HESV was built to confirm the validity of the numerical model,which agrees well with the conducted experimental study.

Asia's first combined liver transplant and aortic valve replacement

To the editor:Liver transplantation is the only cure for patients with endstage liver disease.It is however an ultra-major surgery which is physiologically challenging to the cardiopulmonary function of the patients.Hence,in patients who also have valvular heart disease or coronary artery disease,liver transplantation would be con-

Simulation research on dynamic performance of the new type high-pressure solenoid valve

To improve energy density,the transportation,storage,and operations of hydrogen,methane,and compressed air vehicles currently require high-pressure compression.High-pressure solenoid valve becomes the vital element to above system.In order to reduce leakage and aerodynamic force influence,a new type high-pressure solenoid valve was proposed.The simulation model which included electromagnetic model,aerodynamic force model was established by means of the nonlinear mathematic models.Using the software MATLAB/Simulink for simulation,the dynamic response characteristics of high-pressure pneumatic solenoid valve were obtained under different pulse width modulation(PWM)input control signals.Results show that,first of all,the new type of high-pressure solenoid valve can meet the switch requirement.Secondly,the opening movement and closing movement of the spool lags the PWM rising signal,and the coil current fluctuates significantly during the movement of the spool.Lastly,on/off status of high-pressure valve cannot be represented by the duty cycle.This research can be referred in the design of the high-pressure solenoid valve..

Application of high-pressure water jet technology and the theory of rock burst control in roadway

This paper puts forward using high-pressure water jet technology to control rock burst in roadway, and analyzes the theory of controlling rock burst in roadway by the weak structure zone model. The weak structure zone is formed by using high-pressure water jet to cut the coal wall in a continuous and rotational way. In order to study the influence law of weak structure zone in surrounding rock, this paper numerically analyzed the influence law of weak structure zone, and the disturbance law of coal wall and floor under dynamic and static combined load. The results show that when the distance between high-pressure water jet drillings is 3 m and the diameter of drilling is 300 mm, continuous stress superposition zone can be formed. The weak structure zone can transfer and reduce the concentrated static load in surrounding rock, and then form distressed zone. The longer the high-pressure water jet drilling is, the larger the distressed zone is. The stress change and displacement change of non-distressed zone in coal wall and floor are significantly greater than that of distressed zone under dynamic and static combined load. And it shows that the distressed zone can effectively control rock burst in roadway under dynamic and static combined load. High-pressure water jet technology was applied in the haulage gate of 250203 working face in Yanbei Coal Mine, and had gained good effect. The study conclusions provide theoretical foundation and a new guidance for controlling rock burst in roadway.

Analysis of the sealing performance of combined sealing structure under deep-sea high pressure environment

For the requirement of safe and stable operation,the combined sealing structure was used for reciprocating motion in the deep sea high-pressure environment,and the effects of different seawater depths and shaft movement speed on the sealing performance of the combined sealing structure were studied.The change rule of the sealing performance of the combined sealing structure of reciprocating motion under different working conditions is proved.The study shows that in the combined sealing structure of reciprocating movement,the Von Mises stress and the contact stress of the O-ring varies with the direction of the shaft movement.The Von Mises stress and contact stress of the O-ring,the Von Mises stress and the contact stress on each sealing lip of the slip ring gradually increase with the increasing of seawater depths.At the same time,the Von Mises stress of the O-ring which in the process of the shaft upward movement is greater than the shaft downward movement,making the shaft upward movement more likely to cause the O-ring relaxation and fatigue.The shaft movement speed has no significant influence on the Von Mises stress and contact stress of the O-ring.The research results provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the selection and optimization of the geometrical parameters of the combined sealing structure in the deep-sea high-pressure environment.

70 MPa高压氢气瓶阀密封技术研究

全球正面对能源和环境的挑战,氢能源汽车已成为全球汽车行业的发展方向,车载储氢系统主要是由储氢气瓶、组合式瓶阀、溢流阀、减压阀、压力/温度传感器等组成,其中需要频繁开启的部件是组合式瓶阀,压力一般在35 MPa~70 MPa,最容易产生泄漏。目前车载氢能的储存压力一般为35 MPa, 70 MPa的也在进行技术攻关,不同于普通的工业用气瓶阀,70 MPa高压氢气瓶阀设计压力高,密封性能的可靠性直接影响了产品的使用安全。针对70 MPa高压氢气瓶阀密封材料进行研究,采用GB/T 528-2009标准对不同硬度和直径的O形密封圈进行性能试验,比较不同材料的密封性能,确保70 MPa高压氢气瓶阀密封性能安全可靠。

动态气门运行特性及二冲程制动性能耦合研究

基于自主研发的变模式气门驱动装置,进行发动机和该气门驱动装置联合仿真,研究了二者的强耦合运行特性,为该装置的装机应用提供理论依据.研究结果表明:缸内压力和气门运行之间的强耦合关系在上止点附近排气门运行阶段尤为明显,尤其是在2300 r/min以下,发动机转速越高,气门动态升程损失程度越大,最大缸内压力越高;高于该转速后,二者变化程度逐渐减小;排气制动凸轮在上止点后设置过渡升程可消除排气门反跳的问题,并且可进一步改善制动功率和最大缸内压力之间的矛盾关系;与理想四冲程制动相比,二冲程制动的制动功率明显增加,最大缸内压力明显降低,发动机转速分别为1600、1900和2400 r/min时,实际二冲程制动功率分别提高了35.94%、45.61%和27.54%,最大缸内压力分别降低了45.42%、27.20%和7.35%.

耳穴压豆联合枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒在心脏瓣膜置换术后腹胀患者中的应用效果

目的探析耳穴压豆联合枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒在心脏瓣膜置换术后腹胀患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至6月于南昌大学第二附属医院心脏大血管外科100例行瓣膜置换术后腹胀患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组接受多潘立酮常规干预,观察组加用耳穴压豆联合枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒干预,两组均干预1周。比较两组的护理效果、胃肠道症状消失时间(排气时间、排便时间以及肠胀气消失时间)以及安全性。结果观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后首次排气、排便时间以及肠胀气消失时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳穴压豆联合枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒在心脏瓣膜置换术后腹胀患者中应用价值良好,可有效缩短患者术后排气时间、排便时间以及肠胀气消失时间,安全性尚可。

汽轮机中压联合汽阀优化设计

针对某型汽轮机中压联合汽阀压损较高的问题,提出了一种基于多孔介质流动模型的计算方法,采用多孔介质模型模拟阀门中的滤网,对不同优化方案的汽阀进行了稳态计算流体力学模拟,对比分析了各优化方案对中压阀压损的影响。研究表明:相较于改变调节阀远端与阀杆中轴线距离的方案,对调节阀圆角处进行曲率优化可以有效降低汽阀压损,且对几何改动较小,效果更为理想。

二尖瓣运动的流固耦合仿真

目的 建立包含左心和血液的二尖瓣理想模型,用流固耦合仿真研究二尖瓣在血流中的运动特性。方法 基于解剖学参数建立二尖瓣、左心和血液模型,流固耦合仿真采用有限元结合浸没边界法,使用有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟二尖瓣运动,获取形态学、力学和血液动力学参数,并与结构仿真结果进行对比。结果 两种仿真下二尖瓣形态学结果差异较大,流固耦合结果与超声影像吻合。流固耦合仿真和结构仿真的瓣叶应力分布结果一致,最大第一主应力分别为1.48、1.53 MPa,相对误差为3.27%。左心流场有较为复杂的涡旋结构,舒张期二尖瓣最大流速为1.02 m/s,与健康人体生理数据(0.89±0.15) m/s相吻合。结论 二尖瓣流固耦合仿真可以获取更贴近于生理的形态学结果;流固耦合仿真可以提供临床诊断不可或缺的流场参数信息;单研究瓣叶应力分布问题时,结构仿真更高效。

铝合金深盲小孔管电极电解加工试验研究

针对瓶口阀铝合金阀体深盲小孔难加工问题,应用管电极电解加工方法解决该问题。为提高铝合金深盲小孔管电极电解加工稳定性,仿真分析了不同电极进给速度下加工间隙内电场、流场的分布规律;以6061铝合金为对象,使用内径为0.6 mm、外径为1.0 mm的管电极进行电解加工,研究了初始间隙、电极进给速度以及电极旋转对管电极电解加工的影响。仿真和试验结果表明,电极进给速度过大或过小,均不利于铝合金深盲小孔的稳定加工,电极进给速度大于1.4 mm/min时孔底易形成凸起,电极进给速度小于1.0 mm/min时孔底易形成凹坑;初始间隙取0.3 mm能获得质量更好的孔口形貌;电极旋转有利于产物和热量的排出,从而提高加工精度。采用最优参数加工得到了孔间距为2.46 mm、平均直径为1.28 mm的密集孔和平均直径为1.29 mm、深度为50 mm的深盲小孔。

基于GWO-BP神经网络的空调水系统泵阀联调优化控制方法

空调水系统的节能潜力较大,但管网中却通常存在动态水力不平衡的问题,这不仅影响了空调房间的室内舒适度,还会造成运行能耗的浪费。根据实验实测数据,建立了基于GWO-BP神经网络的水系统管网末端阀门开度预测模型,并根据最小阻力控制的原理,建立了基于神经网络的水系统泵阀联调优化控制方法。实验结果验证了该优化控制方法在优化计算后显著提升了末端阀门的开度,降低了水泵频率,可以有效降低水系统管网阻力并精确调节末端支路流量,对于水泵运行实现了27.63%至65.19%的节能率,具有明显的节能效果,且在水系统流量需求越小时,节能效果越好。

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后屈光状态偏差原因分析及结果评价

目的观察飞秒激光制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FSLASIK)与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)术后屈光状态偏差,并分析其结果和原因。方法回顾性临床研究。按照手术方式分为两组,FSLASIK组300例(600只眼),按照手术时间再分为pre FSLASIK 200例(400只眼),FSLASIK 100例(200只眼),SMILE组100例(200只眼),术前球镜度-0.75~12.25 D,柱镜度0~3.75 D,均未预留度数,最佳矫正视力(BCVA)≥1.0,分别于术前、术后1 d、1周、1个月、3个月、6个月复查并记录所有患者非接触眼压测量、裸眼视力(UCVA)、BCVA、等效球镜(SE)、电脑验光、裂隙灯显微镜检查。对因素进行相关分析得到结果后,建立回归模型,进行回归分析,根据结果进一步分析。结果术后屈光状态主要受手术方式及术前柱镜的影响(P<0.05),FSLASIK术后患者右眼柱镜结果与SMILE术后患者右眼柱镜结果在术后7 d、1个月、3个月、6个月差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),左右眼术后屈光状态无相关性。结论SMILE术后患者平均右眼柱镜欠矫程度较FSLASIK术后患者多0.25~0.50 D,主要与SMILE手术方式、眼球自旋以及角膜上皮重塑行为有关,建议高度数患者采用FSLASIK手术或更改SMILE手术方式为扫描后即刻取镜。

引发剂计量泵的常见故障原因分析及处理措施

通过对引发剂计量泵的工艺流程和主要结构进行剖析,分析机组常见故障,并针对故障原因提出相应的解决措施,这些措施降低了引发剂计量泵机组的故障率,提高了设备的整体运行水平,保证了装置长周期稳定运行。

车用高压储氢气瓶组合阀门的设计与开发

车用高压储氢气瓶组合阀门(简称“瓶阀”)是车载供氢系统的关键零部件,目前在氢燃料电池汽车上得到了广泛的应用。本文简要分析了瓶阀的市场现状,从集成技术、工作原理的角度进行深入剖析,阐述了各个模块的结构、材质、原理等特点。基于氢系统控制策略和氢安全应用需求,瓶阀需要具备多种阀门的功能,通过识别系统需求来确定所要集成的模块,是这种瓶阀的设计方法,并且在开发过程中,往往需要进行大量的内部测试与型式试验,才能通过认证。未来瓶阀的发展趋势,是在向模块化、集成化、一体化、轻量化、小型化及低能耗的方向发展,低成本高技术附加是趋势,安全性和可靠性是前提。

泵阀复合式电液负载模拟器流量压力协调控制

针对地面半实物负载模拟实验存在的被测试舵机运动干扰问题,提出流量压力协调控制电液负载模拟方法,并基于泵阀复合电液负载模拟器的加载给出方案。围绕泵阀复合电液负载模拟器建立系统数学模型;基于对泵阀职能分工的思想,利用反步滑模控制器设计方法,分别为泵控闭式子系统和阀控子系统设计速度伺服和力伺服控制器。通过联合仿真,验证所提出的技术方案和控制策略的可行性及有效性。结果表明:所提流量压力协调控制电液负载模拟方法具有优良的加载性能,且对降低系统功耗有显著效果。

密封阀轴端密封结构分析

重点介绍了两种密封阀轴端密封组件的结构,并详细分析了各自的优劣势,从而为密封阀轴端密封结构的设计提供理论参考。

谷物联合收获机底盘自动升降液压系统设计与试验

针对小型谷物联合收获机在丘陵区作业倾斜角度大、通过性差等问题,开展谷物联合收获机底盘自动升降液压系统设计与试验。本研究设计了底盘自动升降液压系统总体结构,对内置位移传感器液压缸、比例换向阀等关键部件进行设计和选型,提出了基于横向倾斜角度伸缩液压缸进行调平和升降的方法,采用自动调平控制和手动调平两种调平模式对底盘进行调平。应用AMEsim开展液压系统的仿真分析,发现换向时液压缸压力与流量稳定,位移速度平稳。设计了以PLC控制器和PID控制方法为核心的调平控制策略,通过调节液压缸长度实现对底盘的姿态调节,并开展静态调平试验。结果表明:比例换向阀开度范围为20%~45%时,能有效控制液压缸伸缩速度;调节时间随倾斜角度增加而增加,在倾斜角度7.7°范围内的总体调节误差低于0.5°,可满足谷物联合收获机对底盘横向调平的需求。该研究提出了依据横向偏角实现调平的液压系统和控制方法,为小型谷物联合收获机底盘调平液压系统设计提供参考。