An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressu...An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressure-liquids is established by using the reduced state principle and introducing a characteristic parameter-configuration factor ξ. Reasonably satisfactory P-V-T data for many organic compounds, including some polar components, were calculated by using the equation.展开更多
Objective To investigate the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous ammonia in static state by using nano-TiO2 as photoeatalyst supported on latex paint film under UV-irradiation. Methods Experiments were conducted to ...Objective To investigate the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous ammonia in static state by using nano-TiO2 as photoeatalyst supported on latex paint film under UV-irradiation. Methods Experiments were conducted to study the relationship between the initial concentration of ammonia and the degradation products competing to be adsorbed on catalyst surface. Degradation of ammonia and its products were detected by spectrophotometry and catalytic kinetic spectrophotometry, respectively. Results On the one hand, TiO2 catalyst was excellent for degradation of ammonia, and the crystal phase of TiO2, anatase or ruffle, had little effect on degradation of ammonia, but the conversion of ammonia grew with the increase of catalyst content. On the other hand, apparent rate constant and conversion of ammonia decreased with the increase of initial concentration of ammonia, and the photocatalytic degradation reaction followed a pseudo-first-order expression due to-the evidence of linear correlation between -lnC/C0 vs. irradiation time t, but the relationship between initial concentration and the degradation products was not linear in low initial concentration. Conclusion Whether the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia in static state follows a first-order reaction depends on the initial ammonia concentration due to competition in adsorption between reactant and the degradation products.展开更多
The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.N...The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.No phase transition was observed in the studied pressure-temperature(P-T)range.The Le Bail full profile refinement technique was used to derive the unit-cell parameters.By fixing the bulk modulus K 0 as 196 GPa and its pressure derivative K0 as 4,our P-V(volume)-T data were fitted to the high temperature BircheMurnaghan equation of state.The obtained parameters for the kyanite are:V_(0)=294.05(9)Å^(3),a=2.53(11)×10^(-5)K^(-1) and(K/T)P=-0.021(8)GPa∙K^(-1).These parameters have been combined with other experimentally-measured thermodynamic data for the relevant phases to calculate the P-T locus of the reaction kyanite¼stishoviteþcorundum.With this thermodynamically constrained phase boundary,previous high-pressure phase equi-librium experimental studies with the multi-anvil press have been evaluated.展开更多
Aircraft emissions contribute to global climate change and regional air pollution near airports.Understanding the formation and the transformation of emissions in the aircraft engine is essential to properly quantify ...Aircraft emissions contribute to global climate change and regional air pollution near airports.Understanding the formation and the transformation of emissions in the aircraft engine is essential to properly quantify the environmental impact and air pollution.However,precise investigation of chemical process in the turbine is challenging because of the complexity of the transformation process in the complex flow relating to the moving blade at high temperature and high pressure.We present here,the first published model study of 3D chemical formations inside a high-pressure turbine and first time to compare three numerical solutions(1D,2D and 3D calculations)of transformation of trace species inside an aircraft engine.The model has simulated the evolution of principal precursor pollutant gases(NOx and SOx)and other species(hydrogen,oxygen species and carbon oxides).Our results also indicated strong dissimilarities in chemical transformations of 3D calculations.In comparing the three solutions,the results obtained showed that the difference of mole fractions of species can be under predicted by 75%between 1D and 2D calculations and in the comparison of 2D and 3D calculation,the under predicted difference may be 90%.展开更多
以常压塔塔顶石脑油的相对密度和蒸馏数据为基础,通过化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus生成了一系列虚拟组分,计算了每个虚拟组分的摩尔分数、标准沸点、相对密度和相对分子质量,并估算了每个虚拟组分的临界性质和偏心因子。使用Peng-Robinso...以常压塔塔顶石脑油的相对密度和蒸馏数据为基础,通过化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus生成了一系列虚拟组分,计算了每个虚拟组分的摩尔分数、标准沸点、相对密度和相对分子质量,并估算了每个虚拟组分的临界性质和偏心因子。使用Peng-Robinson方程对常压塔塔顶油气馏分进行严格三相平衡计算,研究了烃-水之间的二元交互作用参数对水在烃相的溶解度及水露点的影响。假设塔顶油气体系形成的水相为游离水,研究了水在烃相的溶解度对水露点的影响。计算结果表明,烃-水之间的二元交互作用参数对水在烃相的溶解度影响非常显著,当交互作用参数取0.43时,计算的水的溶解度与API Data Book计算值一致。使用2种方法计算时,水在烃相的溶解度对水露点的影响均不明显。使用严格的三相平衡计算的水露点为384.65K,比基于游离水假设计算的水露点高1.3K。展开更多
文摘An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressure-liquids is established by using the reduced state principle and introducing a characteristic parameter-configuration factor ξ. Reasonably satisfactory P-V-T data for many organic compounds, including some polar components, were calculated by using the equation.
基金This work has been supported by Shandong Provincial Scientific Council, People’s Republic of China (Grant No. Z2000B01)
文摘Objective To investigate the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous ammonia in static state by using nano-TiO2 as photoeatalyst supported on latex paint film under UV-irradiation. Methods Experiments were conducted to study the relationship between the initial concentration of ammonia and the degradation products competing to be adsorbed on catalyst surface. Degradation of ammonia and its products were detected by spectrophotometry and catalytic kinetic spectrophotometry, respectively. Results On the one hand, TiO2 catalyst was excellent for degradation of ammonia, and the crystal phase of TiO2, anatase or ruffle, had little effect on degradation of ammonia, but the conversion of ammonia grew with the increase of catalyst content. On the other hand, apparent rate constant and conversion of ammonia decreased with the increase of initial concentration of ammonia, and the photocatalytic degradation reaction followed a pseudo-first-order expression due to-the evidence of linear correlation between -lnC/C0 vs. irradiation time t, but the relationship between initial concentration and the degradation products was not linear in low initial concentration. Conclusion Whether the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia in static state follows a first-order reaction depends on the initial ammonia concentration due to competition in adsorption between reactant and the degradation products.
基金This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41273072)by the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB18030602).
文摘The thermal equation of state of a natural kyanite has been investigated with a DIA-type,cubic-anvil apparatus(SAM85)combined with an energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray radiation technique up to 8.55 GPa and 1273 K.No phase transition was observed in the studied pressure-temperature(P-T)range.The Le Bail full profile refinement technique was used to derive the unit-cell parameters.By fixing the bulk modulus K 0 as 196 GPa and its pressure derivative K0 as 4,our P-V(volume)-T data were fitted to the high temperature BircheMurnaghan equation of state.The obtained parameters for the kyanite are:V_(0)=294.05(9)Å^(3),a=2.53(11)×10^(-5)K^(-1) and(K/T)P=-0.021(8)GPa∙K^(-1).These parameters have been combined with other experimentally-measured thermodynamic data for the relevant phases to calculate the P-T locus of the reaction kyanite¼stishoviteþcorundum.With this thermodynamically constrained phase boundary,previous high-pressure phase equi-librium experimental studies with the multi-anvil press have been evaluated.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada.
文摘Aircraft emissions contribute to global climate change and regional air pollution near airports.Understanding the formation and the transformation of emissions in the aircraft engine is essential to properly quantify the environmental impact and air pollution.However,precise investigation of chemical process in the turbine is challenging because of the complexity of the transformation process in the complex flow relating to the moving blade at high temperature and high pressure.We present here,the first published model study of 3D chemical formations inside a high-pressure turbine and first time to compare three numerical solutions(1D,2D and 3D calculations)of transformation of trace species inside an aircraft engine.The model has simulated the evolution of principal precursor pollutant gases(NOx and SOx)and other species(hydrogen,oxygen species and carbon oxides).Our results also indicated strong dissimilarities in chemical transformations of 3D calculations.In comparing the three solutions,the results obtained showed that the difference of mole fractions of species can be under predicted by 75%between 1D and 2D calculations and in the comparison of 2D and 3D calculation,the under predicted difference may be 90%.
文摘以常压塔塔顶石脑油的相对密度和蒸馏数据为基础,通过化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus生成了一系列虚拟组分,计算了每个虚拟组分的摩尔分数、标准沸点、相对密度和相对分子质量,并估算了每个虚拟组分的临界性质和偏心因子。使用Peng-Robinson方程对常压塔塔顶油气馏分进行严格三相平衡计算,研究了烃-水之间的二元交互作用参数对水在烃相的溶解度及水露点的影响。假设塔顶油气体系形成的水相为游离水,研究了水在烃相的溶解度对水露点的影响。计算结果表明,烃-水之间的二元交互作用参数对水在烃相的溶解度影响非常显著,当交互作用参数取0.43时,计算的水的溶解度与API Data Book计算值一致。使用2种方法计算时,水在烃相的溶解度对水露点的影响均不明显。使用严格的三相平衡计算的水露点为384.65K,比基于游离水假设计算的水露点高1.3K。
