Application of high-pressure water jet technology and the theory of rock burst control in roadway

This paper puts forward using high-pressure water jet technology to control rock burst in roadway, and analyzes the theory of controlling rock burst in roadway by the weak structure zone model. The weak structure zone is formed by using high-pressure water jet to cut the coal wall in a continuous and rotational way. In order to study the influence law of weak structure zone in surrounding rock, this paper numerically analyzed the influence law of weak structure zone, and the disturbance law of coal wall and floor under dynamic and static combined load. The results show that when the distance between high-pressure water jet drillings is 3 m and the diameter of drilling is 300 mm, continuous stress superposition zone can be formed. The weak structure zone can transfer and reduce the concentrated static load in surrounding rock, and then form distressed zone. The longer the high-pressure water jet drilling is, the larger the distressed zone is. The stress change and displacement change of non-distressed zone in coal wall and floor are significantly greater than that of distressed zone under dynamic and static combined load. And it shows that the distressed zone can effectively control rock burst in roadway under dynamic and static combined load. High-pressure water jet technology was applied in the haulage gate of 250203 working face in Yanbei Coal Mine, and had gained good effect. The study conclusions provide theoretical foundation and a new guidance for controlling rock burst in roadway.

In situ experimental study on TBM excavation with high-pressure water-jet-assisted rock breaking

China’s first high-pressure hydraulically coupled rock-breaking tunnel boring machine(TBM) was designed to overcome the rock breaking problems of TBM in super-hard rock geology, where high-pressure water jet system is configured, including high-flow pump sets, high-pressure rotary joint and high-pressure water jet injection device. In order to investigate the rock breaking performance of high-pressure water-jet-assisted TBM, in situ excavation tests were carried out at the Wan’anxi Water Diversion Project in Longyan, Fujian Province, China, under different water jet pressure and rotational speed. The rock-breaking performance of TBM was analyzed including penetration, cutterhead load, advance rate and field penetration index. The test results show that the adoption of high-pressure water-jet-assisted rock breaking technology can improve the boreability of rock mass, where the TBM penetration increases by 64% under the water jet pressure of 270 MPa. In addition, with the increase of the water jet pressure, the TBM penetration increases and the field penetration index decreases. The auxiliary rock-breaking effect of high-pressure water jet decreases with the increase of cutterhead rotational speed. In the case of the in situ tunneling test parameters of this study, the advance rate is the maximum when the pressure of the high-pressure water jet is 270 MPa and the cutterhead rotational speed is 6 r/min. The technical superiority of high-pressure water-jet-assisted rock breaking technology is highlighted and it provides guidance for the excavation parameter selection of high-pressure hydraulically coupled rock-breaking TBM.

Dynamic effects of high-pressure pulsed water jet in low-permeability coal seams

Mine gas extraction in China is difficult due to the characteristics such as micro-porosity,low-permeability and high adsorption of coal seams.The pulsed mechanismof a high-pressure pulsed water jet was studied through theoretical analysis,experimentand field measurement.The results show that high-pressure pulsed water jet has threedynamic properties.What's more,the three dynamic effects can be found in low-permeabilitycoal seams.A new pulsed water jet with 200-1 000 Hz oscillation frequency andpeak pressure 2.5 times than average pressure was introduced.During bubble collapsing,sound vibration and instantaneous high pressures over 100 MPa enhanced the cuttingability of the high-pressure jet.Through high-pressure pulsed water jet drilling and slotting,the exposure area of coal bodies was greatly enlarged and pressure of the coal seamsrapidly decreased.Therefore,the permeability of coal seams was improved and gas absorptionrate also decreased.Application results show that gas adsorption rate decreasedby 30%-40%and the penetrability coefficient increased 100 times.This proves that high-pressurepulsed water is more efficient than other conventional methods.

Operation optimization of plugged screen cleanup by rotary water jetting

The rotary water jetting is one of the most important techniques for horizontal well cleanup.The jet flow is used to remove plugging particles from sand control screens to recover their permeability.Currently,the operation optimization of this technique depends mainly on experience due to absence of applicable evaluation and design models for removing plugging materials.This paper presents an experimental setup to simulate the cleanup process of plugged screens by rotary water jetting on the surface and to evaluate the performance of a jetting tool.Using real plugged screens pulled from damaged wells,a series of tests were performed,and the qualitative relationships between the cleanup efficiency and various operational parameters,such as the type of fluids used,flow rate,mode of tool movement,etc.,were obtained.The test results indicated that the cleanup performance was much better when the rotary jetting tool moved and stopped periodically for a certain time than that when it reciprocated at a constant speed.To be exact,it was desirable for the rotary jetting tool to move for 1.5-2 m and stop for 2-4 min,which was called the ＂move-stop-move＂ mode.Good cleanup performance could be obtained at high flow rates,and the flow rate was recommended to be no lower than 550-600 L/min.The test results also indicated that complex mud acid was better than clean water in terms of cleanup performance.Good cleanup efficiency and high screen permeability recovery could be achieved for severely plugged screens.Rotary jetting is preferred for the cleanup of horizontal wells with severely plugged screens,and the screen permeability recovery ratio may reach 20％ if optimized operation parameters were used.

复杂环境中矩形顶管始发端地层加固方案优化研究与应用

矩形顶管的始发阶段是矩形顶管施工中风险最高的施工阶段,在施工过程中,必须在始发前对始发端地层进行预加固处理。城市核心区域由于受到地面和地下建筑物、管线的影响,经常遇到加固盲区、加固不到位的问题。基于此,本研究总结提出了一种旋喷桩加固结合钢板桩防护的施工方法,在始发基坑洞门处围护结构外侧,密贴围护结构打设钢板桩,结合旋喷加固、洞门凿除等工艺改进措施,有效降低始发端地层施工风险,保证工程自身和周边环境安全。

三轴搅拌桩组合高压旋喷桩入岩落底式止水帷幕施工技术

某房建深基坑工程支护形式采用排桩+落底式止水帷幕,场地地质条件上部为富水深厚砂层,下部为强风化岩层,止水帷幕需穿透强风化岩0.5 m,以隔断强透水层。通过对地质情况及现有设备条件分析,采用大功率桩机先行施工三轴搅拌桩,养护后进行桩体质量抽芯验证,再针对不同缺陷程度采用高压旋喷桩分别进行补强的组合工艺施工止水帷幕。基坑开挖结果表明,该落底式止水帷幕效果良好,能有效隔断强透水层,与灌注排桩结合形成深基坑支护结构体系具有较高的经济性、适用性。

高压旋喷注浆在岩溶地基加固处理中应用研究

我国分布有大量的岩溶地貌,是世界上岩溶发育最为典型的区域之一,岩溶类型多样复杂,而正因为这些岩溶地貌的复杂与较多的不可控因素,给这些区域内进行工程建设造成诸多难题。高压旋喷注浆法是采用高压水流连续和集中的作用在土地上,对土层产生巨大的冲击破碎和搅动作用,通过注入浆液,使浆液和土拌合均匀并凝固为新的固结体,从而达到对不良地基加固的效果。本文结合长株潭城际铁路车辆段工程,研究分析岩溶不良地质条件下,就单管高压旋喷注浆地基加固设计思路、具体方案及主要技术等进行深入研究,对类似地质条件下的工程提供参考经验。

某格形钢板桩码头升级改造方案三维有限元数值分析

某格形钢板桩码头升级改造工程,前沿港池疏浚后改变了格形墙体前板桩埋入深度,影响码头结构稳定性。为了探究改造后格形钢板桩稳定性和破坏形态,利用有限元软件MIDAS GTS,构建适用于格形钢板桩结构稳定性分析的三维有限元数值模型,通过对最不利工况下格形钢板桩改造前后的变形、受力、整体稳定性对比分析,提出复合地基和抗滑桩加固相结合的格形钢板桩码头改造方案。结果表明,码头加固前后的格形钢板桩整体变形、土压力分布、结构内力和地基反力分布基本一致。

旋喷脱硫技术在液化气脱硫中的工业应用

介绍了旋喷脱硫技术在某石化企业产品精制装置液化气脱硫中的工业应用情况。该技术应用后,有效解决了该石化企业产品精制装置液化气脱硫塔处理能力偏低,脱硫率不理想,产品中硫化氢含量不稳定的问题;有效解决了因液化气中硫化氢含量超标,导致后续脱硫醇系统碱液、催化剂消耗过大,脱硫醇效果差的问题;有效解决了液化气夹带胺液的问题。

旋喷技术在延迟焦化装置罐顶气环保治理中的工业应用

介绍了旋喷技术在某石化企业延迟焦化装置冷焦水罐和切焦水罐顶部气体环保治理中的工业应用情况。该技术应用后,脱除了冷焦水罐和切焦水罐顶部气体中的硫化氢,解决了罐顶气恶臭问题和后续VOCs处理设施硫化氢腐蚀问题;脱除了冷焦水罐和切焦水罐顶部气体中的焦粉,减缓了后续VOCs处理设施易堵塞的问题,保证了整个系统持续平稳的运行。冷焦水罐和切焦水罐顶部气体经旋喷水洗和旋喷脱硫后,焦粉脱除率≥99%,净化罐顶中总硫含量≤10 mg/m^(3),液滴含量≤50 mg/m^(3)。

高压旋喷桩复合地基承载力研究

为促进符合地基承载力的提升,引入高压旋喷桩施工工艺,开展在该工艺应用下符合地基承载力的探究。以惠清项目桥梁桩工程施工建设状况为背景,高压旋喷桩复合地基施工处理技术方案形成、建立高压旋喷桩复合地基承载力计算模型。通过形成高压旋喷桩,开展高压旋喷桩施工与加固工作,最后对复合地基承载力进行计算。通过研究得出,高压旋喷桩的应用可以有效促进复合地基承载力的提升,并且大部分承载力作用在高压旋喷桩的上部。

高压旋喷扩径锚索在深厚填土基坑中的研究与应用

众所周知对于支护深度超过15m且土层为深厚填土层的基坑,支护形式往往采用大直径的支护桩结合内支撑(斜撑)进行支护,圬工量大且影响后期主体结构施工,如何在深厚填土中发挥锚索的有效拉拔力一直是岩土工程界研究的方向。高压旋喷扩径锚索是一项新兴的支护方法,主要是运用高压旋喷技术对软弱土层进行处理,将钢绞线放置孔内后喷射水泥浆形成锚拉体系,从而在钢筋锚固段底部产生扩大头锚固体,它不同于普通锚索,能够适用于各种地层。本文以成都某深厚填土基坑为例,通过多组原位试验研究分析不同锚固长度的旋喷扩体锚索的实际抗拔力,让设计人员对填土中旋喷扩径锚索的实际抗拔力有了更进一步的了解,为填土中旋喷扩径锚索的拉力值提供了工程类比经验。

高压旋喷桩在公路养护中的应用

G22青兰高速公路平定段、G30连霍高速宝天(天水过境)段及G70福银高速凤长段通车运营多年,部分路段发生较为严重的路基沉降病害。经调查研究,最终采用高压旋喷桩对沉降严重路段进行加固,加固处理完成一段时间后,再次对路基进行沉降检测,其沉降值满足要求,证明高压旋喷桩对路基沉降处治效果明显。

软土路基高压旋喷桩基础施工技术研究

介绍了高压旋喷桩加固软土路基的相关理论和技术细节,涵盖了高压旋喷桩的加固原理、施工工艺以及质量控制方案等方面的内容。结合江门市某软土地基公路工程案例,对临近高压线塔的软土路基高压旋喷桩施工过程中的难点和重点进行分析和探讨。

高压旋喷桩在深基坑止水帷幕中的应用

在深基坑中项目,尤其在大型和高层建筑中,深基坑支护施工是极为重要的环节;其防止水渗漏更是施工中最应当注意的问题,也是地下工程建设中最重要的问题之一。本文主要论述高压旋喷桩在深基坑止水帷幕中的应用。

直斜组合高压旋喷桩基础抗压承载性能数值试验研究

山地区域高压线铁塔基础施工具有难度大、周期长、成本高、机械化施工程度低等特点。为提高塔基基础施工效率,本文提出了一种新型的塔基基础形式——直斜组合高压旋喷桩。利用有限元软件PLAXIS 3D对直斜组合高压旋喷桩基础的竖向承载性能及桩身内力演化规律开展数值试验研究。研究结果表明:1)斜桩倾角相同时,桩身弯矩变化规律基本相同,其最大弯矩值位于桩顶附近且随桩长径比的增加而减小;2)竖向荷载作用下,直桩的轴力大于斜桩;3)桩长径比相同时,直斜组合高压旋喷桩基础抗压承载力随斜桩倾角(0°、10°、20°)的增大而呈非线性递增关系;直斜组合高压旋喷桩基础竖向承载性能较好,值得推广与应用。

基于堤防工程地基加固高压旋喷桩优选施工参数研究

在南方某堤防工程中采用高压旋喷桩施工对软土地基进行加固处理,通过分析软土地基工程特性和高压旋喷桩施工原理,设置三种工况参数进行试验桩施工,对比试验桩的实际桩长、桩径、垂直度、复合地基承载力等参数,将喷浆压力25MPa、提升速度0.15m/min、水灰比0.8作为优选施工参数,对拟建场地工程桩进行指导施工,可提升高压旋喷桩工程桩整体质量和软土地基加固效果。

高压旋喷注浆在预应力管桩桩身缺陷处理中的应用

预应力管桩广泛应用于各类工程建设中,但在实际工程中经常会因为地质、施工等因素造成桩身缺陷,缺陷的修复效果直接影响到后期的施工进度、施工成本等。通过几种预应力管桩修复手段的机理入手,结合实际预应力管桩修复工程案例,根据桩身缺陷修复前后试验结果对比,得出高压旋喷注浆对于预应力管桩桩身缺陷修复具有良好效果。

H形双排桩结合大角度锚索在软土基坑中的应用

依托天津某实际案例,将单排灌注桩结合钢支撑方案优化为H形双排桩结合大角度可回收锚索方案。实际应用表明:通过采用H形双排桩结合大角度旋喷可回收锚索支护体系,可有效利用下层力学性质较好的土层,提供较大的锚索承载力;同时桩身内力更加合理,可降低造价;另外可避免支护结构出红线问题,便于土方和结构施工。

高压旋喷型圆形复合支护桩在深厚填土质斜坡工程中的应用及探讨

以某市政道路项目为实例,阐述了普通圆形支护桩在深厚填土质斜坡实施过程中遇到的刚度不足及塌孔等问题,提出了一种较为稳定可靠的高压旋喷圆形复合支护桩。该结构主要由高压旋喷复合土及钢筋混凝土圆形支护桩组成,为桩土复合支护结构,由高压旋喷固结体及圆形支护桩一起承担水平土压力,具有防止垮孔,提高支护桩刚度及桩周土体物理力学指标等优点。在分析复合型支护桩受力特征基础上,通过理论推导,得到桩截面刚度提高公式。应用结果表明:采用高压旋喷型圆形复合支护桩可以有效提高桩身刚度,减小支护桩使用阶段水平位移,同时解决了桩基施工过程中垮孔问题,对填土斜坡上的支护桩有一定的普适性。