Hydrothermal Synthesis and X-ray Characterization of Silver(I) Complex:Diacetylthiocarbamide Silver(I) Nitrate, [Ag(CH_3CONHC(S)NH_2)_2](NO_3)

The title compound [Ag(CH3CONHC(S)NH2)2](NO3) has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in mo-noclinic, space group P21/c with Mr = 406.20 (C6H12Ag N5O5S2), a = 12.0680(6), b = 6.8056(5), c = 18.0173(1) ? b = 111.383(4), V = 1377.9(2) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.958 g/cm3 , F(000) = 808, = 1.789 mm-1, R = 0.0361 and wR = 0.1015. Of 4185 reflections ((2)max = 55.00?, 3147 were unique (Rint = 0.0174) and 2820 with I > 2(I) were used to solve the structure. The silver(I) atom adopts V-shape geometry with the AgS bond distance of 2.4271(7) and 2.7229(9) , respectively. Seven atoms of one acetylthiocarbamide ligand are coplanar, while only four atoms of another acetylthio-carbamide ligand are fairly planar. The [Ag(CH3CONHC(S)NH2)2]+ cation and nitrate anion NO3- are connected by hydrogen bonds to form a three dimensional hydrogen bonding network..

Solubility of the silver nitrate in supercritical carbon dioxide with ethanol and ethylene glycol as double cosolvents: Experimental determination and correlation

Solubility of the silver nitrate in the supercritical carbon dioxide containing ethanol and ethylene glycol as double cosolvents was measured under certain pressure and temperature range(10–25 MPa, 323.15–333.15 K). The impact of the pressure and temperature on the solubility was also investigated. Based on the experiment data,a correlation model concerning solid's solubility in supercritical fluids was established by combining the solubility parameter with the thermodynamic equation when a binary interaction parameter and a mixed solvent solubility parameter were defined. Experiments show the solubility of AgNO_3 increases with the pressure at a certain temperature. However, the influence of temperature is related to a pressure defined as the turnover pressure(12.3 MPa). When the pressure is higher(or lower) than this turnover pressure, silver nitrate's solubility shows increasing(or decreasing) trend as the temperature rises. Satisfactory accuracy of our presented model was revealed by comparing experimental data with calculated results.

THE COORDINATION BETWEEN SILVER NITRATE AND OPEN CHAIN POLYETHER

A complex of silver nitrate with 1.8-bis（8’-quinolyloxy）-3.6-dioxaoctane （noted as ligand L） was synthesized. The results of element analysis show that it consists of the calculated values of [Ag4L3]（NO3）4. It is clear from the IR, UV and ’HNMR spectra that the ligand L coordinated to Ag+ ion with its N and 0 atoms which connected with the terminal quinolyloxy group.

Silver nitrate mimicking a foreign body in the pharyngeal mucosal space

Silver nitrate is sometimes used as a means of chemicalcauterization for control of minor bleeding and management of hypergranulation tissue following bedside head and neck procedures. There are only few reports available on the imaging appearance of silver nitrate and its potential to mimic a foreign body. We report a case of a patient presenting with dysphagia, odynophagia, and fever following dental work who had a peritonsillar incision and drainage for treatment of a deep neck space infection. During the procedure, silver nitrate was applied to halt the bleeding. Patient was subsequently transferred to another institution. Since the patient was not showing significant clinical improvement on antibiotic therapy, a computed tomography(CT) scan was performed demonstrating a hyperdense structure lodged in the pharyngeal mucosal space in the oropharynx and soft palate that was mistaken for a foreign body such as bone. Silver nitrate can have density similar to bone but does not have the normal architecture of bone with cortex and marrow on CT. Familiarity with the appearance of silver nitrate on CT, lack of bone architecture, and proper documentation and communication of the use of silver nitrate to the consultant radiologist and medical personnel could help avoid misdiagnosis and potentially unnecessary surgical exploration.

Application of silver nitrate colorimetric method to non-steady-state diffusion test

NT build 443, or profile fitting method, is often used to measure the diffusion coefficient of chloride in concrete. However, this method is quite laborious and needs special equipment. Colorimetric method is a quick and simple method to measure the penetration depth of chloride by spraying 0.1 mol/L silver nitrate solution. The objective of this work is to study the possibility of the use of colorimetric method in the calculation of non-steady-state diffusion coefficient. Twelve concrete mixtures with different supplementary cementitious materials and water-to-cement ratios of 0.35, 0.48 and 0.6 were used for study. According to NT build 443, the concrete specimens were immersed in 165 g/L NaC1 （2.8 mol/L） solution for 42 d. Both water-soluble （convert to free chloride） chloride and acid-soluble chloride at different layers of specimens were measured. The results show that the mean value of free chloride concentration at the color change boundary Cd was 0.306 mol/L. The surface free chloride concentration cs was obtained by profile fitting method, which was 40% lower than the chloride concentration of exposure solution after an immersion period of 42 d. Chloride diffusion coefficients obtained by the colorimetric method was not well correlated with those obtained by profile fitting method.

Role of Silver Nitrate on in Vitro Flowering and Shoot Regeneration of Solanum nigrum (L.)—An Important Multipurpose Medicinal Plant

Silver nitrate induced MS media enhanced multiple shoot regeneration and in vitro flowering from axillary bud and leaf explants of Solanum nigrum (L.) an important antiulcer medicinal plant. Healthy axillary bud and leaf explants were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with BAP/Kn (1.0 - 2.0 mg/l) in combination with IAA/NAA (0.5 mg/l) and AgNO3 (0.1 - 1.0 mg/l). The explants were responded effectively and good regeneration frequencies were observed in all the combinations of silver nitrate tested when compared to control. Maximum number of multiple shoots (34.3) was found in leaf explants cultured on MS media supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l), NAA (0.5 mg/l) and AgNO3 (0.4 mg/l). These regenerated shoots were sub-cultured on to the flowering media. Maximum number of in vitro flowers (12) was obtained from axillary bud explants in BAP (2.0 mg/l), Kn (1.0 mg/l), IAA (0.5 mg/l) and AgNO3 (6.0 mg/l) supplemented media when compared to leaf (4) and control. All the in vitro raised shoots were transferred to rooting medium supplemented with NAA, IBA (1.0 - 2.0 mg/l) and AgNO3 (0.1 - 0.6 mg/l). The best rooting response (24.6) was observed in 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.4 mg/l AgNO3. The well rooted plantlets were transferred to polybags containing soil + vermiculate in 1:1 ratio for hardening and finally the hardened plantlets were transferred to field conditions.

Influence of Ethylene Inhibitor Silver Nitrate on Direct Shoot Regeneration from in Vitro Raised Shoot Tip Explants of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn.—An Important Antijaundice Medicinal Plant

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of ethylene inhibitor silver nitrate on direct shoot regeneration in Sphaeranthus indicus, an important antijaundice medicinal plant, by using in vitro raised shoot tip explants. The effect of various concentrations of kinetin, BAP (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l), and NAA (0.1 - 0.5 mg/l) along with AgNO3 (0.1 - 1.0 mg/l) was studied. Among the combinations tested MS medium augmented with kinetin (1.0 mg/l), NAA (0.1 mg/l) and AgNO3 (0.4 mg/l) was found to be optimum for production of multiple shoots (34.3 ± 0.36). Addition of AgNO3 to the media not only increases shoot number in all the concentrations tested but also shoot length. AgNO3 at the concentration of 0.4 mg/l produced 35% more number of multiple shoots when compared to multiple shoots (10.8 ± 0.12) produced in control. In the present study by the addition of ethylene inhibitor silver nitrate and growth regulators, more number of multiple shoots (three folds) and shoot length was observed compared to control. These in vitro raised shoots were transferred to the rooting medium containing different concentrations of auxins such as NAA and IAA along with AgNO3 (0.1 - 0.6 mg/l). Better rooting response (21.6) was observed on NAA (2.0 mg/l) and AgNO3 (0.4 mg/l) containing media. The healthy rooted plantlets were transferred to polybags containing soil and vermiculate in 1:1 ratio for hardening. Finally the hardened plants were transferred to field environment for utmost survivability.

OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION OF BILIVERDIN AND BILIRUBIN ESTERS IN PRESENCE OF SILVER NITRATE

Treatment of biliverdin IXα dimethyl ester(2)with silver nitrate in alkaline solution gave two violin-like tripyrrione carbaldehydes,one de- graded at C15-C16,other at C4-C5.Biliverdin IXα(1),bilirubin IXα(3)and its dimethyl ester(4)gave the same results.

Assessment of the Presence of Chlorides in Mortar through the Silver Nitrate Colorimetric Spraying Method

This study aims to evaluate the presence of free chlorides by the silver nitrate colorimetric spraying method in mortars made with Portland cement CP II Z-32. In order to make an assessment beyond the qualitative analysis, a calculation of the contaminated areas by free chlorides was performed by measuring the regions using a computer image analysis software （IMAGEJ）. The experimental part of the research involved samples of 5 cm x 10 cm of mortar and 0.1 M solution of silver nitrate in distilled water. The mortar samples were made with cement CP II Z-32 with the following concentrations of chloride incorporated into the mixing water： 0%0, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% and 2.0%, in relation to the mass of cement, totaling 108 samples. The average of percentage results from the contaminated area of the series of samples was respectively 0%, 14.9694%, 19.7444%, 46.0239%, 62.3311% and 96.0083% in relation to the total area, concluding that the method of silver nitrate spraying is applicable and that the white color indicates the presence of chloride ions and other possible aggressive salts to the structure or the concrete.

Antimicrobial Activity, Structural, Crystallographic and Thermal Characteristics of Alpha-Titanium Phosphate Promoted by Silver Ions

The recent global spread of the pandemic underscores the necessity of seeking new materials effective against microorganisms. Nanotechnology offers avenues for developing multifunctional materials. In this study, alpha-titanium phosphate (α-TiP) nanoparticles were synthesized and treated with silver salt to enhance their antimicrobial properties. The physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. It was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis that the structural integrity of α-TiP was influenced by ethylenediamine and silver ions. Distinct degradation profiles for each chemical modification were shown by thermogravimetric analysis. Infrared spectroscopy detected shifts and new absorption peaks in the spectra depending on the type of modification. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the disaggregation of α-TiP galleries following the addition of silver salt, which increased their effectiveness against microorganisms. Notably, only the sample treated with silver ions exhibited antimicrobial action. Antimicrobial activity was tested against the bacteria of medical importance Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria momocytogenes and the yeast Candida albicans. All microorganisms were inhibited by sample containing silver. Minor inhibition was observed against the Gram-positive bacteria L. monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus, while the greatest inhibition occurred against the fungus (yeast) C. albicans. The results revealed a potential application of the nanoparticles for control of microorganisms in public health.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of γ-irradiated silver nanoparticles in aqueous gelatin

Colloidal silver nanoparticles （Ag-NPs） were obtained through γ-irradiation of aqueous solutions containing AgNO3 and gelatin as a silver source and stabilizer, respectively. The absorbed dose of γ-irradiation influences the particle diameter of the Ag-NPs, as evidenced from surface plasmon resonance （SPR） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） images. When the γ-irradiation dose was increased （from 2 to 50 kGy）, the mean particle size was decreased continuously as a result of γ-induced Ag-NPs fragmentation. The antibacterial properties of the Ag-NPs were tested against Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） （Gram-positive） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （P.a） （Gram-negative） bacteria. This approach reveals that the γ-irradiation-mediated method is a promising simple route for synthesizing highly stable Ag-NPs in aqueous solutions with good antibacterial properties for different applications.

Comparison of Antioxidant Activities of Silver Nanoparticles and Methanol Extracts of Three Indigenous Nigeria Herbal Seeds

The antioxidant of seeds was carried out using extracts from methanol and Silver Nanoparticles from the spice. The SEM shows the shapes, dispersion and agglomeration of the sample, while the EDX confirms the SEM and the presence of some compounds. The FT-IR reveals the AgNPs capping and reducing the particular biomolecule from the functional group for identification. Compounds found in the FT-IR seeds of Capsicum annum are Ag L (Silver iodide), C K (Cyanogen chloride), P K (Phenol). Monodora myristica are Mo L (Molybdenum), Ag L (Silver iodide), C K (Cyanogen chloride), P K (Phenol), Mg K (Magnesium). Piper guineense are Ag L (Silver iodide), Ci K (Potassium chloride), C K (Cyanogen chloride), P K (Phenol). The seeds show that the AgNPS of CA and MM has a better antioxidant activity than the methanol of CA and MM, while the PG methanol has a better activity than the AgNPS PG. The control (Catechin and Galic acid) has a slight overall better DPPH activity than the AgNPS. It is important to note that there is a concentration dependency in CA, MM AgNPS, PG methanol respectively. Notably, at CA methanol, the conc. at 125 was higher than the conc. at 250. Hence, there is need to create a great part in using plant samples for making tabulated or capsulated drugs for treatment of diseases and using plant silver nanoparticles to develop a healthy food/drug preservative package material “smart packaging” that will enhance shelf-life.

Zinc and Silver Salts-Containing Lamellar Titanium Phosphate: A Multifunctional Filler

Zinc and silver compounds have been studied because they have ultraviolet light barrier properties and bactericidal action, respectively. Materials with multifunctional characteristics have been sought to produce polymeric nanocomposites. In this work, the chemical modification of titanium phosphate (TiP) was carried out through a route with successive intercalations. TiP was synthesized and consecutively pre-expanded with ethylamine and pyromellitic acid. Then it was modified with zinc acetate and silver nitrate. The final product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. Infrared revealed dislocation and appearance of bands according to the intercalating agent. Inorganic salts interfered in the crystallization and melting processes of pyromellitic acid. Vanishing of the TiP hkl plane and variation and appearance of new crystallographic planes at low diffraction angles induced intercalation. SEM showed agglomerated structures. New thermal degradation events at higher temperatures endorsed the formation of zinc and silver carboxylate salts. We concluded that a new miscellaneous and multifunctional matter was achieved.

Silver nitrate restores susceptibility of clinical multidrug resistant gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to amikacin in vitro

Silver nitrate could inhibit the clinical multidrug resistant isolates at high concentrations（with minimal inhibitory concentrations（MICs） from 32 μM to 64 μM）. The activities of amikacin in the presence of sub-lethal silver nitrate（15 μM） were tested for the combinational effects against multidrug resistant clinical isolates in vitro. Silver nitrate restored the susceptibility of drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to amikacin. It lowered the MICs of amikacin from 〉128 μg/mL to（2–16） μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, respectively, and lowered the MICs of amikacin on extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli from（16–32） μg/mL and 16 μg/mL to（〈1–4） μg/mL and 〈1 μg/mL, respectively.

银染高尔基染色法用于神经元完整结构成像

高尔基染色是神经元树突和树突棘可视化的经典方法,目前仍被广泛用于神经元形态可视化。银高尔基染色目前存在易产生黑色沉淀、染色神经元形态结构不完整等问题。对重铬酸钾(K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7))和硝酸银(AgNO_(3))如何影响银染高尔基染色方法的染色效果进行了研究,通过研究染色液组成成分重铬酸钾、硝酸银质量浓度变化和组分的不同作用方式,实现了对银染高尔基染色方法的优化。结果表明,35 mg/mL多聚甲醛(Paraformaldehyde,PFA)和20 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)混合液染色效果要明显优于20 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)单独染色效果,在K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)的质量浓度优化过程中,80 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)的染色效果最佳,35 mg/mL PFA与20 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)混合溶液和80 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)最佳染色时长比为3∶1,染色过程中AgNO_(3)的最佳质量浓度为10 mg/mL,在最终的染色液组成成分以及作用方式中40 mg/mL PFA固定2 d、35 mg/mL PFA和20 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)混合溶液处理3 d、80 mg/mL K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)处理1 d和10 mg/mL AgNO_(3)处理5 d对脑组织神经元形态的可视化具有最佳效果。优化后的银染高尔基染色方法可实现对神经元的完整形态结构染色,同时在染色过程也将产生更少的成像杂质沉淀噪点。该工作将提供一种新的高尔基改良染色方法,实现神经元完整形态结构的染色,有望为研究脑神经元结构变化与脑疾病之间的关系提供新的染色方法。

Modulation of Sex Expression in Four Forms of Watermelon by Gibberellin, Ethephone and Silver Nitrate

There has been no systematic research on the effect of plant growth regulators and silver nitrate treatments on the control of sex expression in watermelon. In this study, we tested sex expression responses of four watermelon forms(monoecism, gynoecism, andromonoecism,and hermaphrodite) to gibberellin, ethephon and silver nitrate treatments. Results have shown that, in monoecious plants, gibberellins(GA_3)and ethephon treatments reduced the percentage of female flowers and delayed the occurrence of the first female flower, while silver nitrate induced the formation of bisexual flowers. In gynoecious plants, both ethephon and silver nitrate treatments transformed some female flowers into bisexual flowers, and treatment with ethephon resulted in a mass of abnormal flowers, while no obvious effect of treatment with GA_3 was observed. In andromonoecious plants, ethephon and GA_3 treatments delayed the occurrence of the first bisexual flower, and GA_3 reduced the percentage of bisexual flowers, while no distinct effect for silver nitrate treatment was observed. In hermaphroditic plants, ethephon treatment induced the appearance of numerous abnormal flowers, while no obvious effects for GA_3 and silver nitrate treatments were observed.We analyzed the transcription levels of all the expressed aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase(ACS) homologues in two gynoecious mutants and their wild types. We also tested the gene expression of CitACS4 which had been recognized as the andromonoecious gene in all treatments. All these results suggested that the best masculinizing treatment for breeding of the gynoecious line is silver nitrate, which repressed the expression of CitACS4 and induced many bisexual flowers for use in self-fertilization subsequently.

硝酸银硅胶色谱法制备蒙药土木香中土木香内酯和异土木香内酯

目的探讨蒙药土木香中土木香内酯及异土木香内酯的制备方法。方法采用硝酸银硅胶色谱法进行制备。结果得到两个色泽优良、克数较大的结晶化合物,根据其理化性质及波谱技术鉴定为土木香内酯和异土木香内酯。结论硝酸银硅胶色谱法对土木香内酯及异土木香内酯能实现满意分离,且产量大、纯度高、操作简单,是一种高效快速的制备方法,为土木香内酯及异土木香内酯的广泛应用提供精准可靠的参考资料。

茚二酮-硝酸银复合显现膜应用于纸质客体上潜手印的显现研究

指纹证据的研究一直是刑事科学的热点之一,其中潜在手印更是重中之重。潜在指纹的成分是由人体皮肤中各种腺体分泌的自然物质组成。基于指纹独一无二、终身基本不变的特性,该项目首先通过确定茚二酮、硝酸银化学试剂各自的最佳浓度,并将二者混合制备茚二酮-硝酸银复合显现膜作用于纸质客体上进行显现研究,同时观察遗留时间长短等因素的影响。通过探究茚二酮-硝酸银复合显现膜作用在打印纸,牛皮纸、相纸、滤纸等常见客体表面上潜在指纹显现的效果,以期更好地改进潜手印的显现方法,在显现潜手印方面获得效果稳定、应用范围广、操作简单、价格低廉具有较好应用前景的显现技术。

Synthesis of high-purity silver nanorods with tunable plasmonic properties and sensor behavior

Through anisotropic Ag overgrowth on the surface of Au nanobipyramids(Au NBPs), high-purity and sizecontrolled Ag nanorods(Au/Ag NRs) are obtained by a simplified purification process. The diameters of the Au/Ag NRs are determined by the size of the as-prepared Au NBPs, and the lengths of the Au/Ag NRs are tunable using different amounts of Ag precursor in the growth solution. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) studies using Rhodamine-6G(R6G) as a test molecule indicate that the Au/Ag NRs have excellent sensing potential. The tunable optical properties and strong electromagnetic effect of the Au/Ag NRs, along with their superior SERS signal enhancement, show that Au/Ag NRs are promising for further applications in plasmon sensing and biomolecular detection.

载银氧化壳聚糖的制备与抑菌性能研究

为制备一种高效抑菌剂,以壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)为原料,采用漆酶/2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl,TEMPO)体系制备6-羧基壳聚糖(6-carboxyl chitosan,C-COS),然后与硝酸银反应制备载银氧化壳聚糖(silver-carried oxidized chitosan,C-COS-Ag),对其抑菌性能进行研究。结果表明,与CS相比,C-COS-Ag的抑菌效果明显提高,其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径分别为(22.75±1.50)和(13.75±2.50)mm,最小抑菌质量浓度均为6.10μg·mL^(-1)。细菌生长曲线试验证实,C-COS-Ag能明显降低大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长速率;细胞内容物渗透试验表明,C-COS-Ag能够破坏细菌的细胞膜和细胞壁形态,导致核酸、蛋白质等大分子物质渗出,碱性磷酸酶活性上升,β-半乳糖苷酶活性下降,半乳糖合成途径受阻,细菌正常代谢受到影响。以上研究结果为C-COS-Ag的应用提供了理论依据。