The theory of ＂source rock control＂ has evolved from source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, to effective source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, and to high-quality source- rock-control hydrocarbon accu...The theory of ＂source rock control＂ has evolved from source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, to effective source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, and to high-quality source- rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation. However, there are problems, such as whether high-quality source rocks exist or not？ What high-quality source rocks are, and how to identify them, are yet to be agreed upon. Aimed at this issue of concern to explorationists, and taking the Beier Sag in the Hailaer Basin as an example, this paper defines the high-quality source rocks and the lower limit for evaluation of high-quality source rocks, by using the inflection point on the relationship curve of hydrocarbon （oil） expulsion, which is calculated by the material balance principle, versus total organic carbon （TOC）. The results show that when TOC is low, all source rocks have limited hydrocarbon expulsion and slow growth rate, thus they cannot be high-quality source rocks. However, when TOC rises to some threshold, hydrocarbon expulsion increases significantly with TOC. This inflection point should be the lower limit of high-quality source rocks： those with TOC greater than the inflection-point value are high-quality source rocks. In addition, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks is also related to the type and maturity of organic matters in the source rocks, as well as the mineral components of the source rocks affecting the residual hydrocarbons. Theoretically, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks depends on geological conditions rather than being a constant value. However, for the sake of simplicity and practicability, in this paper TOC=2.0% is regarded as the lower limit of high-quality source rocks. The examination of such standard in the work area indicates that the high-quality source rocks in members K^n2 and K^n~ of the Nantun formation contribute 76% and 82% to oil generation, and 96% and 91% to oil expulsion, respectively. The distribution of high-quality source rocks is also closely related to the distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the region, demonstrating that high-quality source rocks control hydrocarbon accumulation.展开更多
This paper firstly introduces the general situation of cotton planting areas in China and cotton industry in Xinjiang,and the current situation of intellectual property protection of Xinjiang's cotton industry.The...This paper firstly introduces the general situation of cotton planting areas in China and cotton industry in Xinjiang,and the current situation of intellectual property protection of Xinjiang's cotton industry.Then,it analyzes the main problems in its intellectual property protection and high-quality development.On this basis,it comes up with the recommendations for high-quality development of cotton industry in Xinjiang under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.The recommendations include improving the level of creation of creative intellectual property rights,building an intellectual property rule system in the entire cotton industry chain in Xinjiang,building protected zones for production of major high quality agricultural product cotton,establishing a demonstration zone to undertake the transfer of the domestic cotton textile and garment industry,undertaking education on the sense of community for the Chinese nation in response to the Xinjiang cotton incident,and developing the"Belt and Road"blue market for Xinjiang cotton and its products.展开更多
Against the backdrop of China's development reality for the time being and upholding the basic logic of boosting the high-quality development of China's economy,the authors give the historical background,reali...Against the backdrop of China's development reality for the time being and upholding the basic logic of boosting the high-quality development of China's economy,the authors give the historical background,realisticclogic,theoretical connotation,and strategic significance of the new development paradigm of dual circulation a thorough interpretation.On this basis,the authors conduct a detailed analysis of the development path between China's Free Trade Zones(FTZs)and the new development paradigm of dual circulation,as well as the new orientation of FTZs under this paradigm.Focusing on systems thinking,the new development paradigm of dual circulation not only opens up a new realm of open economic theory with Chinese characteristics but also enriches the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.From the perspective of the new development paradigm of dual circulation,China's FTZs serve as a reform test field and a powerful starting point for driving the high-quality circulation ofChina's economy.From another perspective,it is also an open bridgehead and a significant window for China to participate in international economic circulation.In this sense,China's FTZs remain the key hub linking domestic and international circulations.China's FTZs should be given greater reform autonomy.Whilefocusinggon the differentiated exploration and development models,the dividends of the first trial system should be fully utilized to integrate China's FTZs into the national open development strategy.Thus,high-level open practice can be anticipated to boost the virtuous circle of domestic and foreign economies,with concerted efforts and drive China's economy toward a high-quality future.展开更多
Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In ...Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm is proposed to address the TALB problem with multiple constraints （TALB-MC）. Considering the discrete attribute of TALB-MC and the continuous attribute of the standard teaching-learning-based optimization （TLBO） algorithm, the random-keys method is hired in task permutation representation, for the purpose of bridging the gap between them. Subsequently, a special mechanism for handling multiple constraints is developed. In the mechanism, the directions constraint of each task is ensured by the direction check and adjustment. The zoning constraints and the synchronism constraints are satisfied by teasing out the hidden correlations among constraints. The positional constraint is allowed to be violated to some extent in decoding and punished in cost fimction. Finally, with the TLBO seeking for the global optimum, the variable neighborhood search （VNS） is further hybridized to extend the local search space. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm （LAHC） for TALB-MC in most cases, especially for large-size problems with multiple constraints, and demonstrates well balance between the exploration and the exploitation. This research proposes an effective and efficient algorithm for solving TALB-MC problem by hybridizing the TLBO and VNS.展开更多
As the position of the transition zone changes obviously, that is, as the transition zone migrates to the north or the south from present position, it affects water or heat balance between the land and the atmosphere ...As the position of the transition zone changes obviously, that is, as the transition zone migrates to the north or the south from present position, it affects water or heat balance between the land and the atmosphere in a considerable degree and has a profound influence on climate in North China. The experiment results in this paper indicate whether in the dry case or in the wet case of the large-scale climatological background field, the surface air temperature in a wide range of the transition zone migration and its surrounding decreases as the transition zone migrates northward. Moreover, the net upward fluxes of the surface long wave radiation and the sensible heat decrease, and the evaporation to the atmosphere increases. As the transition zone migrates southward, the results are opposite. This kind of significant thermal forcing between the land and the atmosphere can excite secondary circulation or circulation cells, which interact with the large-scale circulation systems, changing the atmospheric motion, affecting the water vapor transportation and consequently having an effect on the precipitation.展开更多
基金funded by the 973 Prophase Special Program of China(NO.2011CB211701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41172134)CNPC Innovation Foundation (2011D-5006-0101)
文摘The theory of ＂source rock control＂ has evolved from source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, to effective source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, and to high-quality source- rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation. However, there are problems, such as whether high-quality source rocks exist or not？ What high-quality source rocks are, and how to identify them, are yet to be agreed upon. Aimed at this issue of concern to explorationists, and taking the Beier Sag in the Hailaer Basin as an example, this paper defines the high-quality source rocks and the lower limit for evaluation of high-quality source rocks, by using the inflection point on the relationship curve of hydrocarbon （oil） expulsion, which is calculated by the material balance principle, versus total organic carbon （TOC）. The results show that when TOC is low, all source rocks have limited hydrocarbon expulsion and slow growth rate, thus they cannot be high-quality source rocks. However, when TOC rises to some threshold, hydrocarbon expulsion increases significantly with TOC. This inflection point should be the lower limit of high-quality source rocks： those with TOC greater than the inflection-point value are high-quality source rocks. In addition, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks is also related to the type and maturity of organic matters in the source rocks, as well as the mineral components of the source rocks affecting the residual hydrocarbons. Theoretically, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks depends on geological conditions rather than being a constant value. However, for the sake of simplicity and practicability, in this paper TOC=2.0% is regarded as the lower limit of high-quality source rocks. The examination of such standard in the work area indicates that the high-quality source rocks in members K^n2 and K^n~ of the Nantun formation contribute 76% and 82% to oil generation, and 96% and 91% to oil expulsion, respectively. The distribution of high-quality source rocks is also closely related to the distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the region, demonstrating that high-quality source rocks control hydrocarbon accumulation.
基金Supported by Foundation for Key Program of Hubei Province (LX201827)
文摘This paper firstly introduces the general situation of cotton planting areas in China and cotton industry in Xinjiang,and the current situation of intellectual property protection of Xinjiang's cotton industry.Then,it analyzes the main problems in its intellectual property protection and high-quality development.On this basis,it comes up with the recommendations for high-quality development of cotton industry in Xinjiang under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.The recommendations include improving the level of creation of creative intellectual property rights,building an intellectual property rule system in the entire cotton industry chain in Xinjiang,building protected zones for production of major high quality agricultural product cotton,establishing a demonstration zone to undertake the transfer of the domestic cotton textile and garment industry,undertaking education on the sense of community for the Chinese nation in response to the Xinjiang cotton incident,and developing the"Belt and Road"blue market for Xinjiang cotton and its products.
文摘Against the backdrop of China's development reality for the time being and upholding the basic logic of boosting the high-quality development of China's economy,the authors give the historical background,realisticclogic,theoretical connotation,and strategic significance of the new development paradigm of dual circulation a thorough interpretation.On this basis,the authors conduct a detailed analysis of the development path between China's Free Trade Zones(FTZs)and the new development paradigm of dual circulation,as well as the new orientation of FTZs under this paradigm.Focusing on systems thinking,the new development paradigm of dual circulation not only opens up a new realm of open economic theory with Chinese characteristics but also enriches the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.From the perspective of the new development paradigm of dual circulation,China's FTZs serve as a reform test field and a powerful starting point for driving the high-quality circulation ofChina's economy.From another perspective,it is also an open bridgehead and a significant window for China to participate in international economic circulation.In this sense,China's FTZs remain the key hub linking domestic and international circulations.China's FTZs should be given greater reform autonomy.Whilefocusinggon the differentiated exploration and development models,the dividends of the first trial system should be fully utilized to integrate China's FTZs into the national open development strategy.Thus,high-level open practice can be anticipated to boost the virtuous circle of domestic and foreign economies,with concerted efforts and drive China's economy toward a high-quality future.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51275366,50875190,51305311)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20134219110002)
文摘Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm is proposed to address the TALB problem with multiple constraints （TALB-MC）. Considering the discrete attribute of TALB-MC and the continuous attribute of the standard teaching-learning-based optimization （TLBO） algorithm, the random-keys method is hired in task permutation representation, for the purpose of bridging the gap between them. Subsequently, a special mechanism for handling multiple constraints is developed. In the mechanism, the directions constraint of each task is ensured by the direction check and adjustment. The zoning constraints and the synchronism constraints are satisfied by teasing out the hidden correlations among constraints. The positional constraint is allowed to be violated to some extent in decoding and punished in cost fimction. Finally, with the TLBO seeking for the global optimum, the variable neighborhood search （VNS） is further hybridized to extend the local search space. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm （LAHC） for TALB-MC in most cases, especially for large-size problems with multiple constraints, and demonstrates well balance between the exploration and the exploitation. This research proposes an effective and efficient algorithm for solving TALB-MC problem by hybridizing the TLBO and VNS.
文摘As the position of the transition zone changes obviously, that is, as the transition zone migrates to the north or the south from present position, it affects water or heat balance between the land and the atmosphere in a considerable degree and has a profound influence on climate in North China. The experiment results in this paper indicate whether in the dry case or in the wet case of the large-scale climatological background field, the surface air temperature in a wide range of the transition zone migration and its surrounding decreases as the transition zone migrates northward. Moreover, the net upward fluxes of the surface long wave radiation and the sensible heat decrease, and the evaporation to the atmosphere increases. As the transition zone migrates southward, the results are opposite. This kind of significant thermal forcing between the land and the atmosphere can excite secondary circulation or circulation cells, which interact with the large-scale circulation systems, changing the atmospheric motion, affecting the water vapor transportation and consequently having an effect on the precipitation.
