Selection of Greenhouse Zucchini Varieties and High-Quality,High-Yield and High-Efficiency Cultivation Techniques

[Objectives]To select zucchini varieties suitable for cultivation in Zibo City and test its high-yield cultivation techniques.[Methods]Six zucchini varieties were introduced,and their commercial quality and yield were determined.[Results]The yield of Shengfeier,Xiuyu 170 and Xihulu 309 increased by 11.4%,6.9%and 4.6%,respectively compared with S68(control),and zucchini was straight,looked pleasing to the eye,and had strong disease resistance.[Conclusions]The zucchini varieties were selected and the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques were integrated.

Inheritance,Innovation and High-quality Development of Tea Industry in Xianning City,Hubei Province

Xianning City is a main tea producing area in Hubei Province,the capital of"border-selling tea"in China,and an important starting point for the Ten-Thousand-Mile Tea Road across the Eurasian continent.This paper studies the tea industry in Xianning from the aspects of top 100 counties of tea industry,important agricultural cultural heritage,famous Chinese historical and cultural villages,China’s time-honored brands,major brands,and designated production enterprises of border-selling tea.Besides,it introduces intellectual property resources of the tea industry from traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,new plant varieties,patents,geographical indications,trademarks,etc.Then,it analyzes major problems in the inheritance,innovation and high-quality development of Xianning tea,especially the border-selling tea.Finally,it comes up with constructive recommendations of starting the cultural inheritance and development project and upgrade project of the tea industry to build the capital of China’s border-selling tea.

Effect of Different Cover Cultivations in Later Summer on Aroma Constituents of Autumn Tea (Camellia sinensis L.)

Tea plants grown under sunshade net and greenhouse are new methods for coping with high- temperature stress in later summer in middle and south China. Aroma is one of the most important flavors and qualities of tea. In this research the cultivar “Longjing-changye” (LJCY) was grown under sunshade net, greenhouse and open field as treatments to study the changes of aromatic substances by using Head Space Solid Phase-microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The results showed that tea plants grown under sunshade net and greenhouse had higher content of aroma substances in autumn tea. Those growing conditions are good for improving the contents of the ester and geraniol with floral and fruity fragrance in autumn tea. Moreover, overshadowing in summer is helpful to improve fragrance of fresh tea leaves quality in autumn tea, particularly the 50% sunshade net.

Environmental Problems From Tea Cultivation in Japan and a Control Measure Using Calcium Cyanamide

A field experiment, involving lime N (calcium cyanamide, CaCN2) fertilization as a control measure, was conducted to study environmental problems induced by long-term heavy N application in Japanese tea fields. Long-term tea cultivation caused serious soil acidification. Seventy-seven percent of the 70 tea fields investigated had soil pH values below 4.0, and 9% below 3.0, with the lowest value of 2.7. Moreover, excess N application in tea fields put a threat to plant growth, induced serious nitrate contamination to local water, and caused high nitrous oxide loss. Compared with the conventional high N application treatment (1100 kg N ha-1) without lime N, the low N application (400 kg N ha-1) with calcium cyanamide effectively stopped soil acidification as well as achieved the same or slightly higher levels in tea yield and in total N and amino acid contents of tea shoots. The application of calcium cyanamide could be a suitable fertilization for the prevention of environmental problems in tea cultivation.

New Standardized Cultivation Techniques for Tea Seed Production

The tea from tea plants,a kind of traditional leaf plant,is deeply loved by people,but the production of tea fruit and its important functional value have been seriously underestimated for a long time.To this end,the oil plant function and comprehensive utilization value of tea oil from tea fruit were introduced,and a set of new standardized cultivation technique of tea plants that could fully exert the potential of tea seed yield was put forward.The technique could increase the tea seed yield per mu from less than 50kg in traditional tea gardens to more than 200 kg,which broke through the production mode of single leaf picking in traditional tea gardens,gave play to the natural reproductive growth advantages of tea plants,achieved"leaf-seed dual harvest",and promoted the improvement of tea industry quality and efficiency,thereby creating a new path to achieve the"leaf-fruit dual use"of tea plants.

Canopy Cultivation Technology and Benefit Analysis of Tea Tree Canopy in Preserved Tea Plantations

The present study introduced the concept and characteristics of preserved tea plantation,and analyzed application and benefit of stereoscopic trimming and pruning technology in the cultivation of tea tree canopy in preserved tea plantations.The results show that the stereoscopic trimming and pruning technology of tea trees has more advantages in production efficiency than other trimming and pruning techniques in terms of yield and output value,and can better exert the regeneration ability of tea branches.The grade of branching is increased from grade 3-4 before unpruning to grade 9-13(3-4 times higher),the length of internode is increased from 1-2 cm to 3-7 cm(increased 3-4 times),the picking area is increased from 0.9 m×1.1 m to 2.8 m×4.2 m(an increase of nearly 10 times),accordingly achieving the best production and economic benefits required in tea production.

Geographical Indication Protection and Brand Cultivation of Hefeng Tea in Wuling Mountain Area

Located in Wuling mountain area which is the main battlefield for poverty alleviation in the new stage,Hefeng County of Hubei Province has been recognized as a " National Key Tea-producing County in 2013"( ranking 17th) and one of the " Top Ten Ecological Rea Counties of China in 2012". As the first county of tea export in Hubei Province,it has been awarded the " Town of the Chinese Tea" certificate by the State Forestry Bureau. This paper introduced the characteristics of geographical indication and the current situation of brand of Hefeng Tea. Later,it analyzed its geographical indication protection and brand cultivation strategies and puts forward 9 suggestions.

Research and Development of New High-quality Short-season Cotton Varieties and the Industrial Application of High Efficiency Technologies in Shandong Province——Based on the Innovation of Building a Green and Efficient Farming System

Through the analysis of the impact of changes in the cotton planting industry on cotton production structure and benefit in Shandong under the national cotton production pattern in past ten years,based on the guarantee of food security and the overall ecological regional layout of Shandong s agricultural characteristic and advantageous industries,we proposed that through the development of high-quality short-season cotton and the industrial application of high-efficiency technologies,a green and high-efficiency farming system should be established to comprehensively reduce cotton planting costs,improve comparative benefits,and realize green and efficient optimization technologies that unify the stable production of cotton and high-quality cotton supply and the industrial path supported by the new industrial model.It is aimed to speed up the upgrading and transformation of the existing traditional cotton cropping system,reconstruct a ternary structure of grains,economic crops and fodder in the ecological suitable cotton areas and sub-suitable cotton areas in Shandong,and maintain a series of new green and ecological cotton rotation industrial models including the“double security”of the grain and cotton industries,the ecological“double superiority”of "cotton and fodder",and the high-efficiency"double increase"of cotton and garlic,providing a certain foundation for the research on technological integration innovation and industrial structure optimization of the green,efficient and high-quality development and transformation of the cotton industry in Shandong during the"14 th Five-Year Plan"period.

Cultivating Tea and Harvesting Dreams

I’M the party secretary of Hetaoba Village,Meitan County,Guizhou Province.I’m 56 years old and have been working for the village for nearly three decades since I was elected vice chairman of the village committee in 1990.Through tea cultivation we were able to get rid of poverty and watch our lives improve with each passing day.

四川茶区幼龄茶园高效管理技术

幼龄茶园管护存在的前期投入较大、投产周期较长、技术要求较高等突出问题,是制约茶农收入和良种更换积极性的关键所在。文章总结了四川茶区幼龄茶园高效栽培管理的新技术和新模式,以推动幼龄茶园优质、降本、高效栽培管理,为促进茶园优良茶树新品种更新换代及茶产业的高质量发展提供技术支撑。

光调控在茶树栽培和茶叶加工中的应用研究进展

光是影响茶树生长发育的重要气象因子,也是多种功能品质成分代谢的能量和信号源。光调控技术已经应用到茶树栽培和茶叶加工的生产实践中,并取得了较好效果。文章综述了光照在茶树生长发育、品质成分代谢和茶叶加工领域的研究现状,并对光调控技术在我国茶树栽培领域的应用前景及光照萎凋加工技术的应用进行了展望,以期为精准农业的发展提供理论支撑。

果茶树间作栽培模式研究

在茶园中间作其他农作物能够有效地利用环境资源,改善茶园小气候,促进茶叶增产提质。本文基于调查研究已有的茶树与柿树、栗树、梨树和葡萄等果树的间套作种植案例,分析了果树—茶树间作对茶园小气候、茶叶品质、土壤结构、土壤微生物群落以及虫害等带来的影响和变化,并探讨果树与茶树间作权衡的因素,为茶树与果树间套作种植模式提供思路和参考。

不同叶面肥对茶树容器大苗生长的影响

【目的】研究不同叶面肥对茶树容器大苗生长的影响,为茶树容器大苗叶面配方施肥和培育技术提供参考依据。【方法】对1年生无性系茶苗‘中茶108’施用清水(CK)、0.5%尿素(LF1)、0.5%尿素+0.125%的磷酸二氢钾(LF2)、1%腐植酸水溶液(LF3)4种叶面肥,通过测定茶苗新梢形态指标、生长指标和光合生理指标来分析不同叶面肥对茶树容器大苗生长的影响。【结果】与CK相比,LF2和LF3处理能显著提高两轮新梢定型修剪生物量、地上部分干重和鲜重,增加分枝总数、长枝数、一级侧枝粗度,其中LF2处理还能显著增加新梢展叶数、新梢长度和新梢叶面积。光合生理指标结果表明,喷施叶面肥能显著提高净光合速率和气孔导度,其中LF2处理对茶苗光合作用效果最好。【结论】喷施叶面肥是茶树容器大苗培育的一项有效技术措施,LF2叶面肥(0.5%尿素+0.125%磷酸二氢钾)对茶树容器大苗生长最有利。

地方院校本土课程“农俗文化”的内容建设与现代价值研究——以普洱地区为例

经过岁月沉淀后形成的农俗文化是珍贵的物质文化资源,已成为云南本地世代相传的思维方式、价值观念、行为准则和风俗习惯。云南普洱地区主要围绕茶山、林地、水稻田从事农业生产活动,最终由茶俗文化、养生文化和稻作文化等共同组成了具有多民族特色的边地文化。基于普洱地区多民族农业习俗的“农俗文化”用二十四节气串联茶俗、养生习俗、稻作习俗、建造筑物习俗、吉祥文化和特色民俗活动6个部分,该课程内容具有民族性、功能性、工艺性和文化性。学生能结合自己的专业继续继承、开发具有鲜明地域特色的农俗文化,为乡村振兴贡献自己的一份力量。

林下套种有机藤茶标准化栽培技术研究

茶产业是松阳县山区传统特色经济产业,也是维持山区林农主要经济来源的保证。但近几年茶产业所表现出来的茶叶良种更新缓慢、人工采摘成本增加、药肥的大量使用等问题,已严重影响到林农茶叶生产的积极性。本研究主要是引进和栽培作为药食同源的新食品茶饮资源-藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata),通过对林下有机藤茶的园地选择、整理、苗木培育、定植技术、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面的标准化栽培技术研究,为探寻有机藤茶最佳栽培条件,推动藤茶产业发展提供技术支撑。

茶园生产全程机械化研究进展

茶园生产全程机械化是我国茶产业发展的必然趋势,通过推广选用合适的机械装备与建立适宜的全程机械化生产作业模式可提高茶园生产管理效率,节本增效。文章对近年茶园生产全程机械化技术与装备研究现状进行梳理,归纳总结茶园生产全程机械化发展瓶颈与挑战,并展望未来发展趋势,为茶园生产全程机械化技术研究与体系建立提供参考。

Climatic Zoning of Tea Tree Planting in Hanzhong City

[ Objective] The research aimed to study climatic zoning of tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong. [Method] Based on climate data at 11 meteorological observatories of Hanzhong during 1971 -2010, selecting annual average extreme minimum temperature, annual average temperature, accumulative temperature ≥10 ℃ and annual rainfall as climatic zoning factors, regression model between zoning factors and geographic information was established, and comprehensive climatic zoning indicator of tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong was determined. [ Result] Tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong was divided into suitable, more suitable and unsuitable planting zones by using critical value of climatic zoning. [ Conclusion] The research could provide scientific basis for reasonable planning layout and sustainable development of tea tree in the whole city.

Inheritance,Innovation,Development and Intellectual Property Protection of Tea Industry in Wuling Mountain Area of Hubei Province

Wuling Mountain Area of Hubei Province is a key tea-producing area in China,and the tea industry is its agricultural pillar industry.First,this paper introduces the tea industry in Wuling Mountain Area.Then,from traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,new plant varieties,patents,geographical indications,trademarks,etc.,it studies the intellectual property resources of its tea industry.Next,it analyzes main problems of its intellectual property protection and inheritance,innovation and development.It also discusses the strategy of inheritance,innovation and high-quality development of the tea industry in this ethnic area in the context of the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property rights and the strategy of rural revitalization.Finally,it comes up with pertinent recommendations,including implementing the traditional tea production process and technical protection project,protecting the biological genetic resources of tea trees,cultivating new varieties of tea plants bred independently,creating high value patents,building regional public brands,and strengthening intellectual property protection.

印江县茶树种植区与非种植区耕地土壤养分分布特征

【目的】探明贵州省印江县茶树种植区与非种植区耕地土壤pH和主要养分的差异,为印江县土地资源的合理利用及茶树种植的科学布局提供参考。【方法】以印江县耕地土壤为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,测定耕地土壤pH、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、碱解氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)和有机质(OM)共8个养分指标的含量,并对其土壤养分分布特征进行统计分析。【结果】印江县耕地土壤pH平均值为5.97,偏酸性。土壤TN和TK较丰富至丰富的占比分别为54.13%和71.18%,表现丰富;AN、AK和OM中等至丰富分别占59.39%、63.87%和68.29%,表现中等偏丰富;TP和AP较缺乏至缺乏分别占61.18%和60.26%,表现较缺乏。AN与TN、AP与TP和AK与TK均呈正相关关系,其相关系数依次为AN(R^(2)=0.435)>AP(R^(2)=0.273)>AK(R^(2)=0.005)。其中,平坝区耕地土壤OM、AN、AP和AK含量均较高,分别为26.68 g/kg、122.13 mg/kg、26.94 mg/kg和138.05 mg/kg,较其他区具有明显优势。与印江县背景值比,茶树种植区除OM外,其他养分指标均较背景值高。耕地撂荒区土壤AN、AK和AP较缺乏至缺乏占比较大,分别为56.81%、84.10%和35.23%。【结论】印江县耕地土壤养分分布不平衡,偏酸性;平坝区耕地土壤养分状况整体较优,绝大部分耕地适宜种植茶树。

基于创新人才培养的实践教学平台与教学模式构建及创新--以华中农业大学茶学实践教学为例

实践教学基地是培养学生实践能力和创新创业能力的重要平台。针对实践教学基地存在的问题,该文以华中农业大学茶学实践教学平台建设为例,阐述研产教融合构建可持续发展的茶学实践教学平台的系列举措及实践教学模式的探索与实践。该教学平台和模式为锻炼和提升学生实践动手能力和创新能力起到较好的支撑和推动作用。