Charismatic species are often reported by the media,providing information for detecting population status and public perception.To identify the number and distribution of free-living Black Swan(Cygnus atratus),a chari...Charismatic species are often reported by the media,providing information for detecting population status and public perception.To identify the number and distribution of free-living Black Swan(Cygnus atratus),a charismatic alien species in Chinese mainland and to detect the public and the media attitudes to the species,we analyzed the reports and emotional tendency from media coverage in 2000-2022 using manual reading,crawler extraction and latent Dirichlet allocation.A total of 6654 Black Swans were reported at 711 sites,including 147 individuals at 30 nature reserves.Successful breeding was reported at one-fourth of the total sites,including five nature reserves.The proportion of positive emotional tendency to Black Swans was overwhelming in the reports and was higher than that to alien species in general,suggesting that the public and the media are unaware of the risk of biological invasion.Effective management of invasive species requires the media clarifies the invasion risk of charismatic alien species.Promoting the unity between the harmfulness of abstract concept of alien species and the charisma of a specific alien species among the public help effective management.展开更多
Evolutionarily conserved antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)mediates a primary antiviral innate immunity preventing infection of broad-spectrum viruses in plants.However,the detailed mechanism in plants is still largely ...Evolutionarily conserved antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)mediates a primary antiviral innate immunity preventing infection of broad-spectrum viruses in plants.However,the detailed mechanism in plants is still largely unknown,especially in important agricultural crops,including tomato.Varieties of pathogenic viruses evolve to possess viral suppressors of RNA silencing(VSRs)to suppress antiviral RNAi in the host.Due to the prevalence of VSRs,it is still unknown whether antiviral RNAi truly functions to prevent invasion by natural wild-type viruses in plants and animals.In this research,for the first time we applied CRISPR-Cas9 to generate ago2a,ago2b,or ago2ab mutants for two differentiated Solanum lycopersicum AGO2s,key effectors in antiviral RNAi.We found that AGO2a but not AGO2b was significantly induced to inhibit the propagation of not only VSR-deficient Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)but also wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato;however,neither AGO2a nor AGO2b regulated disease induction after infection with either virus.Our findings firstly reveal a prominent role of AGO2a in antiviral RNAi innate immunity in tomato and demonstrate that antiviral RNAi evolves to defend against infection of natural wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato.However,AGO2a-mediated antiviral RNAi does not play major roles in promoting tolerance of tomato plants to CMV infection for maintaining health.展开更多
目的观察钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强MRI肝胆期瘤周低信号预测肝细胞癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的价值。方法回顾性分析102例接受肝脏Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI的经病理确诊的HCC患者,根据病理结果显示是否存在MVI分为MVI阳性组及MVI阴性组。评...目的观察钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强MRI肝胆期瘤周低信号预测肝细胞癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的价值。方法回顾性分析102例接受肝脏Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI的经病理确诊的HCC患者,根据病理结果显示是否存在MVI分为MVI阳性组及MVI阴性组。评估增强MRI肝胆期是否存在瘤周低信号及其形状,测量肿瘤最大径;比较组间瘤周低信号差异及不同大小肿瘤瘤周低信号出现率的差异,分析2组瘤周低信号形状的差异;计算肝胆期图像瘤周低信号预测HCC MVI的敏感度、特异度、准确率、阳性预测值(PPV)及阴性预测值(NPV)。结果102例HCC中,病理显示31例存在MVI(MVI阳性组),71例不存在(MVI阴性组)。MRI示26例存在瘤周低信号;HCC最大径0.72~8.96 cm,中位数2.83 cm;其中57例≤3 cm,45例>3 cm。MVI阳性组20例、MVI阴性组6例存在瘤周低信号,组间肝胆期瘤周低信号出现率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=35.71,P<0.01),而瘤周低信号形状差异无统计学意义(P=0.78)。4例HCC≤3 cm、22例>3 cm患者存在瘤周低信号(χ^2=23.21,P<0.01)。肝胆期瘤周低信号预测HCC MVI的敏感度、特异度、准确率、PPV及NPV分别为64.52%(20/31)、91.55%(65/71)、83.33%(85/102)、76.92%(20/26)及85.53%(65/76),对≤3 cm HCC患者分别为37.50%(3/8)、97.96%(48/49)、89.47%(51/57)、75.00%(3/4)及90.57%(48/53),>3 cm HCC患者分别为73.91%(17/23)、77.27%(17/22)、75.56%(34/45)、77.27%(17/22)及73.91%(17/23)。结论Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI肝胆期瘤周低信号预测HCC发生MVI特异度较高,对≤3 cm HCC尤高。展开更多
AIM To investigate the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)and their conditioned media(CM) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell tumorigenesis.METHODS The proliferation rate of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 ...AIM To investigate the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)and their conditioned media(CM) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell tumorigenesis.METHODS The proliferation rate of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 HCC cancer cells was measured using the trypan blue exclusion method and confirmed using the cell-counting kit8(commonly known as CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using annexin V-FITC. Protein and mRNA expression was quantified by ELISA and real time PCR, respectively. Migration and invasion rates were performed by Transwell migration and invasion assays. Wound healing was examined to confirm the data obtained from the migration assays.RESULTS Our data demonstrated that when co-culturing HCC cell lines with ADMSCs or treating them with ADMSC CM, the HCC cell proliferation rate was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis rate increased. The decreased proliferation rate was accompanied by an upregulation of P53 and Retinoblastoma mRNA and a downregulation of c-Myc and hTERT mRNA levels. More notably, ADMSCs and their CM suppressed the expression of the two important markers of HCC carcinogenicity, alpha-fetoprotein and Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin. In addition, the migration and invasion levels of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 cells significantly decreased, potentially through increased expression of the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3.CONCLUSION These findings shed new light on a protective and therapeutic role for ADMSCs and their CM in controlling HCC invasiveness and carcinogenesis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Number 2022YFC2601100)。
文摘Charismatic species are often reported by the media,providing information for detecting population status and public perception.To identify the number and distribution of free-living Black Swan(Cygnus atratus),a charismatic alien species in Chinese mainland and to detect the public and the media attitudes to the species,we analyzed the reports and emotional tendency from media coverage in 2000-2022 using manual reading,crawler extraction and latent Dirichlet allocation.A total of 6654 Black Swans were reported at 711 sites,including 147 individuals at 30 nature reserves.Successful breeding was reported at one-fourth of the total sites,including five nature reserves.The proportion of positive emotional tendency to Black Swans was overwhelming in the reports and was higher than that to alien species in general,suggesting that the public and the media are unaware of the risk of biological invasion.Effective management of invasive species requires the media clarifies the invasion risk of charismatic alien species.Promoting the unity between the harmfulness of abstract concept of alien species and the charisma of a specific alien species among the public help effective management.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870146 and 32160619)the Science Foundation of Fujian province(2020 J02014)+1 种基金‘Hundred Talent’of Fujian Province,Yunnan Seed Industry Joint Laboratory(202205AR070001)the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan(202202AE090022).
文摘Evolutionarily conserved antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)mediates a primary antiviral innate immunity preventing infection of broad-spectrum viruses in plants.However,the detailed mechanism in plants is still largely unknown,especially in important agricultural crops,including tomato.Varieties of pathogenic viruses evolve to possess viral suppressors of RNA silencing(VSRs)to suppress antiviral RNAi in the host.Due to the prevalence of VSRs,it is still unknown whether antiviral RNAi truly functions to prevent invasion by natural wild-type viruses in plants and animals.In this research,for the first time we applied CRISPR-Cas9 to generate ago2a,ago2b,or ago2ab mutants for two differentiated Solanum lycopersicum AGO2s,key effectors in antiviral RNAi.We found that AGO2a but not AGO2b was significantly induced to inhibit the propagation of not only VSR-deficient Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)but also wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato;however,neither AGO2a nor AGO2b regulated disease induction after infection with either virus.Our findings firstly reveal a prominent role of AGO2a in antiviral RNAi innate immunity in tomato and demonstrate that antiviral RNAi evolves to defend against infection of natural wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato.However,AGO2a-mediated antiviral RNAi does not play major roles in promoting tolerance of tomato plants to CMV infection for maintaining health.
文摘目的观察钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强MRI肝胆期瘤周低信号预测肝细胞癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的价值。方法回顾性分析102例接受肝脏Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI的经病理确诊的HCC患者,根据病理结果显示是否存在MVI分为MVI阳性组及MVI阴性组。评估增强MRI肝胆期是否存在瘤周低信号及其形状,测量肿瘤最大径;比较组间瘤周低信号差异及不同大小肿瘤瘤周低信号出现率的差异,分析2组瘤周低信号形状的差异;计算肝胆期图像瘤周低信号预测HCC MVI的敏感度、特异度、准确率、阳性预测值(PPV)及阴性预测值(NPV)。结果102例HCC中,病理显示31例存在MVI(MVI阳性组),71例不存在(MVI阴性组)。MRI示26例存在瘤周低信号;HCC最大径0.72~8.96 cm,中位数2.83 cm;其中57例≤3 cm,45例>3 cm。MVI阳性组20例、MVI阴性组6例存在瘤周低信号,组间肝胆期瘤周低信号出现率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=35.71,P<0.01),而瘤周低信号形状差异无统计学意义(P=0.78)。4例HCC≤3 cm、22例>3 cm患者存在瘤周低信号(χ^2=23.21,P<0.01)。肝胆期瘤周低信号预测HCC MVI的敏感度、特异度、准确率、PPV及NPV分别为64.52%(20/31)、91.55%(65/71)、83.33%(85/102)、76.92%(20/26)及85.53%(65/76),对≤3 cm HCC患者分别为37.50%(3/8)、97.96%(48/49)、89.47%(51/57)、75.00%(3/4)及90.57%(48/53),>3 cm HCC患者分别为73.91%(17/23)、77.27%(17/22)、75.56%(34/45)、77.27%(17/22)及73.91%(17/23)。结论Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI肝胆期瘤周低信号预测HCC发生MVI特异度较高,对≤3 cm HCC尤高。
文摘AIM To investigate the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)and their conditioned media(CM) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell tumorigenesis.METHODS The proliferation rate of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 HCC cancer cells was measured using the trypan blue exclusion method and confirmed using the cell-counting kit8(commonly known as CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using annexin V-FITC. Protein and mRNA expression was quantified by ELISA and real time PCR, respectively. Migration and invasion rates were performed by Transwell migration and invasion assays. Wound healing was examined to confirm the data obtained from the migration assays.RESULTS Our data demonstrated that when co-culturing HCC cell lines with ADMSCs or treating them with ADMSC CM, the HCC cell proliferation rate was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis rate increased. The decreased proliferation rate was accompanied by an upregulation of P53 and Retinoblastoma mRNA and a downregulation of c-Myc and hTERT mRNA levels. More notably, ADMSCs and their CM suppressed the expression of the two important markers of HCC carcinogenicity, alpha-fetoprotein and Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin. In addition, the migration and invasion levels of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 cells significantly decreased, potentially through increased expression of the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3.CONCLUSION These findings shed new light on a protective and therapeutic role for ADMSCs and their CM in controlling HCC invasiveness and carcinogenesis.
