Discussion on Construction Technology and Welding Deformation of High-Rise Steel Frame Structure

Because of urbanization,land resources in China’s cities has become increasingly scarce.Therefore,modern buildings are becoming taller,making high-rise steel frame structures the new favorite of the construction industry.However,the construction of high-rise steel frame structures requires advanced technology.If the construction technology is effectively implemented and the welding techniques of the construction personnel align with the requirements for high-rise steel frame structures,it can help mitigate deformations in the steel structure,thus preserving the overall construction quality of high-rise steel frame structures.To enhance the applicability of steel frame structures in high-rise buildings,this paper focuses on analyzing the optimization path for the construction process of high-rise steel frame structures.It introduces a tailored approach to control welding-induced deformations in steel frame structures,aiming to make a valuable contribution to the advancement of China’s construction industry.

Vibration Control of a High-Rise Building Structure:Theory and Experiment

In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a large inertial load with the help of the Hamilton’s principle.On the basis of this system model and with the use of the Lyapunov’s direct method,a boundary controller is proposed and the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded in the time domain.Finally,by using the Smart Structure laboratory platform which is produced by Quancer,we conduct a set of experiments and find that the designed method is resultful.

Safety analysis of optimal outriggers location in high-rise building structures

This paper presents the restraining moments of outriggers acting on the core wall and the equation of the horizontal top deflection based on a simplified outrigger model. The deformation compatibility conditions between outriggers and core wall as well as the finite rigidities of outriggers are also considered. One case study was carried out to analyze the horizontal top deflection and the mutation of the restraining moments caused by the variation of outrigger location. The results showed that the method adopted in the paper is simple and reasonable. Some conclusions are valuable to the safety design of high-rise building structures.

Experimental investigation of turbulent flows around high-rise structure foundations and implications on scour

Many studies have been undertaken to predict local scour around offshore high-rise structure foundations(HRSFs),which have been used in constructing the Donghai Wind Farm in China.However,there have been few works on the turbulent flow that drives the scour process.In this study,the characteristics of the turbulent flow fields around an HRSF were investigated using the particle image velocimetry technique.The mean flow,vorticity,and turbulence intensity were analyzed in detail.The relationship between the flow feature and scour development around an HRSF was elaborated.The results showed that the flow velocity increased to its maximum value near the third row of the pile group.The shear layer and wake vortices could not be fully developed downstream of the last row of the piles at small Reynolds numbers.The strong flow and turbulent fluctuation near the third piles explained the existence of a longtail scour pattern starting from the HRSF shoulders and a trapezoidal deposition region directly downstream of HRSF.This laboratory experiment gains insight into the mechanism of the turbulent flow around HRSFs and provides a rare dataset for numerical model verifications.

Research of CBR, DM and smart algorithms based design methods for high-rise building structure form-selection

First, the high-rise building structure design process is divided into three relevant steps, that is, scheme generation and creation, performance evaluation, and scheme optimization. Then with the application of relational database, the case database of high-rise structures is constructed, the structure form-selection designing methods such as the smart algorithm based on CBR, DM, FINS, NN and GA is presented, and the original forms system of this method and its general structure are given. CBR and DM are used to generate scheme candidates; FINS and NN to evaluate and optimize the scheme performance; GA to create new structure forms. Finally, the application cases are presented, whose results fit in with the real project. It proves by combining and using the expert intelligence, algorithm intelligence and machine intelligence that this method makes good use of not only the engineering project knowledge and expertise but also much deeper knowledge contained in various engineering cases. In other words, it is because the form selection has a strong background support of vast real cases that its results prove more reliable and more acceptable. So the introduction of this method provides an effective approach to improving the quality, efficiency, automatic and smart level of high-rise structures form selection design.

Discussion on seismic design of high-rise building structure in China

With the rapid development of China＇s economy, the modernization drive and the process of urbanization continue to advance, land for urban construction is becoming more and tenser and land prices are rising steadily, there are more and more high-rise buildings, its density is also increasing. With the increasing number trend of high-rise building development, anti-seismic building requirement as an important part of architectural design is worthy of our exploration and study. Seismic resistance has become an important subject of engineering design. This paper will discuss the technical principle of seismic design in building structure design, so as to optimize the seismic design of high-rise building structure better.

Flexible high-rise apartments with sparse wall-frame structure:A data-driven computational approach

Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings.Chinese high-rise apartment buildings have widely employed shear wall-frame structure in which one big room or multiple small rooms could occupy the same span.Fitting multiple floor plans into a fixed sparse scheme of shear walls and columns is feasible.We developed a computational framework to seek flexible structural schemes.A building scheme consists of a circulation core,shear walls,columns,and boundaries.The computer program automatically adapts floor plans to any drawn or generated scheme.Based on a large dataset of apartment layouts,the number of apartments that fit into a building scheme statistically reflects the flexibility of the scheme.If many hypothetical plans can fit into a wallframe structure in computer simulation,this structure could probably support several generations of unknown plans.Such a data-driven computational method provides the possibility of creating a one-to-many mapping between permanent structure and evolving apartment plans.

Structural form selection of the high-rise buildingwith the improved BP neural network

As civil engineering technology development,the structural form selection is more and more critical in design of high-rise buildings.However,structural form selection involves expertise knowledge and changes with the environment which makes the task arduous.An approach utilizing improved back propagation(BP)neural network optimized by the Levenberg-Marquardt(L-M)algorithm is proposed to extract the main controlling factors of structural form selection.Then,an intelligent expert system with artificial neural network is constructed to design high-rise buildings structure effectively.The experiment tests the model in 15 well-known architecture samples and get the prediction accuracy of 93.33%.The results show that the method is feasible and can help designers select the appropriate structural form.

3D Velocity Structure and Its Tectonic Implications in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea

3D structure of the crust and upper mantle in the studied area has been analyzed from surface wave tomography. The velocity distribution in the uppermost crust is symmetrical on two sides of the central line of the sea, and coincides with the structure of crystalline basement. The essential difference in tectonics between the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea mainly lies in that the velocity structures of their lower crust and upper mantle are identical to those of South China and North China respectively. In the upper mantle there exists a high-velocity zone with a nearly EW strike from the Hangzhou Bay, China, to the Tokara Channel, Japan, along about the latitude of 30°N. It is found that between the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea there are systematical differences in geomorphology, geology, seismicity, heat flow, quality factor and gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies, which is related to both left-lateral shear dislocation and right-lateral tear of the Benioff zone from the Hangzhou Bay to the Tokara Channel.It is inferred that the East China Sea was formed by Cenozoic back-arc extension. The boundary between the North China and South China crustal blocks stretches along the southern piedmont of Mts. Daba-Dabie-Hangzhou Bay-Tokara Channel, and the subduction zone at the Okinawa trench is the eastern boundary of the South China crustal block. The movements of the Pacific plate, Indian plate and upper mantle rather than the Philippine plate subduction have played a dominant role for the modern tectonic movements in East Asia.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

基于悬挂变量的显式无条件稳定时域有限差分亚网格算法

时域有限差分(finite-difference time-domain,FDTD)方法由于稳定性条件的限制,在处理含精细结构的电磁问题时效率不高.显式无条件稳定(explicit unconditionally stable,EUS)FDTD方法通过滤除系统矩阵的不稳定模式,能够消除稳定性条件的限制,提高精细结构的仿真效率.然而,EUS-FDTD方法需要求解数值系统矩阵的特征值,在采用亚网格方案对含精细结构目标离散时需要保证数值系统矩阵的对称性.现有的EUS-FDTD亚网格方法存在着构造复杂、精度不足等问题.针对以上问题,本文将悬挂变量亚网格(hanging variables subgridding,HVS)算法应用于EUS-FDTD算法中,从系统矩阵的对称性出发证明了悬挂变量亚网格算法的稳定性,给出了高精度、稳定、容易实施的HVS-EUS-FDTD方案.通过线磁流在自由空间的辐射、多个介质目标以及三维含介质腔体的数值算例证明了所提方法的稳定性、高精度以及高效性.数值实验表明,HVS-EUS-FDTD算法的计算效率相比于均匀细网格FDTD算法可提升数百倍,相比于HVS-FDTD算法最高可提升Ratio(粗细网格尺寸比)倍.

吊干杏杏仁蛋白功能特性和结构特性

为提高吊干杏加工副产物的利用率,以吊干杏杏仁为原料,通过Osborne分级分离法和传统碱溶酸沉法分别提取清蛋白、球蛋白和分离蛋白,分析比较3种蛋白的氨基酸组成及功能和结构特性。结果表明,吊干杏杏仁中3种蛋白质的含量丰富,氨基酸配比合理,其中谷氨酸含量最高;在pH值为7的条件下,清蛋白溶解性[(50.00±0.87)%]、持油性[(16.06±0.22)g/g]均较好;pH值由3增加至9,3种蛋白的起泡能力呈现先降低后升高趋势。清蛋白和球蛋白泡沫稳定性变化趋势相似,与起泡性变化趋势相反。球蛋白的表面疏水性和游离巯基含量均显著高于清蛋白和分离蛋白(P<0.05);3种蛋白的二级结构均以β-转角和β-折叠为主。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明,3种蛋白亚基含量分布均较广,分子量在11~63 kDa,其中在21、22 kDa处的谱带最为强烈。

巷旁充填留巷顶板结构分析与围岩控制技术

为研究沿空留巷顶板结构特征及其支护技术,基于弹性力学薄板理论,建立了沿空留巷顶板悬板结构模型,推演了两种边界条件下悬板主应力表达式,构建了应力比例系数作为薄板破坏判据,研发了沿空留巷巷内顶板斜拉锚索加强支护、巷旁超高水材料复合支护技术。研究结果表明:锚网索支护沿空留巷过程中实施超前预裂切顶,顶板可形成悬板结构,该结构随上覆顶板运动可形成一对边简支一对边自由和一对边固支简支一对边自由两种悬板形式;在矿山压力作用下两种悬板破坏部位不同,可以此作为布置顶板斜拉锚索的依据;顶板斜拉锚索对悬板起悬吊和水平挤压作用。现场试验结果证明了理论分析的可靠性。

基于光纤光栅感测技术的桥梁挂篮施工期应力应变监测方法

针对桥梁内部应力与应变传统监测技术耐久性差、测量繁琐等技术不足,提出1种基于光纤光栅感测技术的桥梁挂篮施工结构健康监测方法。以跨常合高速分离式立交桥为研究对象,选取施工期活载作用下桥梁受力最不利截面,在桥墩处起步梁段的箱梁顶板、底板与腹板中心线交汇点植入光纤传感器监测其应力、应变,分析起步梁段箱梁在挂篮施工期的应力、应变的变化规律,评估桥梁挂篮施工期的内部结构健康状态。结果表明:提出的方法可用于监测桥梁内部受力变化,起步梁段顶板应力、应变增长主要受预应力张拉影响,底板应力、应变增大主要受混凝土浇筑影响;中跨合拢段箱梁浇筑后,中跨梁段不再呈现上拉下压现象;顶板应力、应变均在边跨合拢段前一个梁段预应力张拉后达到峰值,底板应力在边跨合拢段前一个梁段浇筑后达到峰值,而底板应变在边跨合拢段预应力张拉后达到峰值。建议桥梁挂篮施工过程中,应重点监测边跨合拢前一个梁段施工至施工结束这几个阶段的应力、应变变化。

高层建筑吊篮安装施工技术与应用

吊篮作为一种高处作业建筑工具,在高层建筑物外墙保温、装饰装修及外围护系统施工过程中应用较为广泛。本文以济南市某一住宅小区项目为例,对涉及屋面女儿墙、构筑物等高度进行统计分类,并在吊篮安装前所做的技术准备工作和安装过程中所采取的技术控制措施进行总结,以期在类似项目吊篮安装施工技术控制措施方面提供一些参考。

带挂梁的T型刚构桥拆除过程受力特征分析

受长悬臂影响,带挂梁的T型刚构在单侧失重情况下具有失稳破坏的特征,目前对于病害严重的该类型桥梁一般采取拆除处理。为保障拆除施工期间的安全,不因拆除而发生突然性倒塌,需对拆除全过程进行受力特征分析,针对性地提出控制措施。本文通过实桥拆除案例,论证拆除计算要点,并进行现场验证,为类似的桥梁拆除提供参考经验。

钢结构高空焊接防火吊篮施工技术研究

钢结构安装过程中的高空焊接需要为施焊人员提供安全便捷的作业平台,并防止焊花溅落引发安全事故。通过创新研发,应用一种用于钢结构高空焊接的防火吊篮,通用于各类规格型号的H型钢梁的节点安装施工,兼具高空作业、焊接防火、置物平台及安全防护等功能,具有安全可靠、通用性好、移动便捷、省工省时等特性,可替代传统的作业爬梯及固定式单人吊篮,解决传统工艺功能单一、安全性差、周转不便、工效低下等弊端,满足高空作业及安全防火的需要,并实现钢构件同步对称焊接,减少焊接变形,提高钢结构焊缝连接的工艺质量。同时简化了施工工序,缩减钢结构安装的施工周期,降低成本,具有良好的推广价值。

建筑结构工程中吊环、拉环设计原理与应用分析

吊环与拉环广泛应用在建筑结构中,如民用建筑中电梯轿厢吊环,厂房建筑中水泵、闸阀、卷扬机的起重吊环,预制构件的吊装吊环等。从设计原理、材料选择、锚固长度、规范要求入手分析吊环和拉环受力性能、延性要求,对垂直起吊最大荷载标准值进行计算,并从构造措施、设计参考图、现场施工和后期运维等方面作论述,用以解决工程参与者对吊环、拉环的认识,可作为相关工程建设的参考。

筒体悬挂结构若干问题分析

以菏泽博物馆新馆项目为背景,从计算方法、构件受力和设计、整体屈服机制等八个方面对筒体悬挂结构体系做了较全面的研究。结果表明:1)计算筒体悬挂结构水平地震作用时无需调整层质量;2)规范底部轴力法、振型分解反应谱法并不适用筒体悬挂结构竖向地震作用计算,考虑最小限值调整后的吊柱设计仍可能偏不安全;3)采用长孔螺栓节点设计能让筒体悬挂结构吊柱在各工况下处于理想轴向拉压受力状态;4)中高烈度区吊柱在大震组合作用下可能受压,有必要复核其受压稳定和承载力;5)吊柱受力在小震阶段为恒、活载控制,大震阶段其恒、活载占比降低,地震逐渐起控制作用;6)合理的吊柱布置除满足建筑条件外,还需兼顾核心筒顶受力,减小筒顶不平衡弯矩;7)核心筒顶上包与否均能实现与屋面悬挂桁架的有效刚性连接;8)合理的筒体悬挂结构屈服机制就是落地核心筒的延性破坏过程,即始于连梁开裂破损,终于筒底墙肢钢筋拉屈、混凝土压溃。

超高层内爬外挂塔式起重机施工技术研究

通过对马来西亚某项目L250–16型、L500–32型内爬外挂塔式起重机的详细案例分析,评估了该技术在确保施工安全、提升工作效率、节省空间、保证工程进度及适应复杂城市环境中的独特优势。研究不仅涵盖了塔式起重机的结构设计、首次安装和爬升流程,还重点讨论了塔式起重机安装、爬升等工况对核心筒的影响。此外,通过对比传统塔式起重机施工方法,突出了内爬外挂技术在减少地面占用、缩短工期和降低总成本方面的显著优势。研究结果强调,内爬外挂塔式起重机不仅为当前的超高层建筑施工提供了创新解决方案,也为未来施工技术的发展方向提供了宝贵的参考和启示。