Influence of Horizontal Flow on Atrium in High-Rise Residential Building

In this study a 10-storied residential building model was employed to clarify the ventilation characteristics of the atrium and the rooms,which were effected by the different forms of lateral openings.The experiment was conducted under the combined effect of wind force and thermal buoyancy,and the similarity requirements were satisfied.The results have shown that the different forms of lateral openings cause the different ventilation effect of the building,and also have some certain regularity.The conclusions provide a theoretical foundation for how to use the ventilation of atrium better in high-rise residential building.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

The mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system in high-rise residential buildings considering the Influence of Stack effect

In high-rise buildings with large indoor and outdoor temperature difference,neglecting the effect of stack effect in smoke exhaust shafts may cause calculation error of the fluid network model.In this paper,the mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system considering the influence of stack effect was put forward and it can be inserted different range hood sub-models.Compared with the results of six working conditions of the model without considering the stack effect,the error of the proposed model were reduced by 7.6%,4.3%,4.1%,2.8%,2.4%,and 2.1%.While the indoor and outdoor temperature difference varies from−5℃ to 49℃,the effect of stack effect on the pressure in the flue and the flow rate for each user was studied for six operating rates s.The results show that under the combined effect of stack effect and flue resistance,the static pressure of the kitchen smoke exhaust system showed a low-high-low distribution,and the maximum static pressure in the flue moved toward the bottom with the increase of temperature difference.User flow rates exhibit a low-high-low-high distribution,with an increased flow rate in the bottom users and the largest flow rate in the top users.

Impact of window and air-conditioner operation behaviour on cooling load in high-rise residential buildings

Space cooling is an important building energy end-use that was found in recent years to be significantly impacted by occupant behaviours.However,the majority of previous studies ignored the interplay between the operation of windows and air conditioners(ACs)on cooling load,particularly in building energy modelling.In addition,studies on the analysis of cooling load characteristics regarding high-rise buildings are insufficient.The vertical effect of high-rise buildings on cooling load remains vague.This study thus aims to examine how window and AC operation behaviours impact the cooling load of high-rise buildings in an urban context demonstrated by a real-life typical 40-floor residential building in Hong Kong.This study investigates window and AC operation behaviours jointly and examines the vertical effect on cooling load by using agent-based building energy modelling(BEM)techniques and initiating stochastic and diverse behaviour modes.A carefully designed questionnaire survey was conducted to help build behaviour modes and validate energy models.Ninety building energy models were established integrating meteorological parameters generated by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)programme for ten typical floors and nine combinations of window and AC behaviour modes.The results show that comfort-based AC modes and schedule-based window modes yielded the lowest cooling load.Considering the combined effect of AC and window uses,the maximum difference in cooling loads could be 26.8%.Behaviour modes and building height induce up to 32.4%differences in cooling loads.Besides,a deviation between the behaviour modes and height on the cooling load was found.The findings will help develop a thorough energy model inferring occupants’window and AC behaviour modes along with the building height in high-rise residential buildings.The findings indicate that the interaction impact of window and AC behaviour modes and height should be jointly considered in future high-rise building energy modelling,building energy standards,and policymaking.

Resident's Floor Level Preference in High-Rise Residential Buildings in China:A Case Study of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province

With the constant advance of global urbanization and aggravation of urban construction land scarcity,high-rise residential buildings have become one of the main carriers of urban residential function on account of both land saving and large housing requirement.However,relevant studies on consumers' floor selection preference in high-rise residential buildings,regarding what inherent and regular features and causes it has,are still insufficient,despite that related issues have important practical significance for real estate developers and designers' decision making in terms of dwelling size ratio,floor area,indoor layout,and so on.This study,based on systematic examination of existing domestic and international researches,seeks to make empirical tests and generalization on the above issues from the aspect of "utility function"(safety,comfortableness,accessibility and economic efficiency) of the living environment that impacted by different floor levels,and floor selection features regarding consumers' social and family structure attributes,as well as the intrinsic correlation between them.The results show the existence of floor level preference in high-rise residential buildings.Its essence is a personalized characterization of consumers' social and family structures' attributes in selecting the "utility function" of the living environment,as the preference value differs under various attributes including gender,age,income,family members and others.

基于区块链的“去中心化”物业管理互信共治新模式

通过梳理我国物业管理的发展历程,发现我国传统“中心型”的物业管理模式面临难以摆脱的“周期性危机”,制约了社区治理的现代化转型。导致危机形成的原因主要有三点:看不透的“黑箱”,即物业管理低透明度引发的信任关系紧张;难以达到的“专业化”,即专业能力缺失致使物业管理陷入“囚徒困境”;涨不动的“服务质量”,即共识机制缺失激化了物业管理的“价值矛盾”。基于区块链的“去中心化”物业管理方式在业主、业主委员会与物业公司三方之间搭建起信任纽带,构筑了物业管理的“互信共治”新路径,打破了物业管理的“囚徒困境”,实现了物业管理的良性高效透明运转,建构了住宅小区“去中心化”物业管理新模式。

基于POE的城市居住小区室外环境适老性研究——以浙江丽水市莲都区为例

人口老龄化国情和居家养老模式为主的背景下,城市居住小区室外环境已成为老年人日常生活的重要载体,提升居住小区室外环境的适老性具有重要的现实意义。以浙江省丽水市莲都区中心城区的96个居住小区为研究对象,通过实地踏查、问卷调查和随机访谈,深入调查老年人的居住小区室外活动状况及使用状况评价,详细分析了居住小区室外重点功能空间和景观元素的适老性现状,总结归纳存在的问题和不足,继而提出切实可行的优化建议,以期为城市居住小区的适老化建设提供参考。

基于GIS的中外城市集居住宅朝向对比分析

居住建筑是城市中占比最大,同时也是对朝向敏感度最高的建筑类型,其朝向选择的差异性在很大程度上影响了城市的物质空间形态。研究表明,在我国的城市居住建筑中,南北向是主要的朝向,选择较为单一;国外的城市居住建筑的朝向则显得灵活多样。为验证此结论,文章以建筑气候区划为依据,筛选相同气候条件下的国内外城市进行对比,借助GIS软件对居住建筑的朝向分布进行统计,并对量化结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,中国大部分城市集居住宅表现出明显的、强烈的南北向特征,而国外大部分城市集居住宅在朝向选择上更为多样,在比较的城市当中,中国的城市集居住宅选择南北向的平均比率是国外的近2倍。

老旧小区解决停车难问题的有机更新模式探究

文章旨在深入剖析老旧小区停车难的根源,在城市有机更新理论指导下,以人、时间、空间作为三个维度结合进行模式探究,以三者之间互相联系对小区产生的影响来完成老旧小区有机更新,解决停车难问题。

基于SuperMap的居民小区三维管理分析系统建设研究

针对传统居民小区二维地理信息系统的不足,以城市居民小区智慧化管理为目标,基于国产GIS平台软件SuperMap,对城市居民小区三维管理分析系统进行多层体系结构设计、数据库设计、功能设计,研究无人机倾斜摄影、管线探测、坐标基准转换、三维建模等关键技术,并对地上下实景三维模型进行服务发布,构建了居民小区地上地下一体的三维管理分析系统,实现了对居民小区地上下三维展示浏览、空间分析和三维可视化等功能。通过实例验证该方法在促进城市小区精细管理、高效服务、低碳运行等方面的可行性和有效性。

行动者分析视角下的城市老旧小区改造——以沈阳市大东区皇城北片区为例

城市老旧小区改造作为城市更新行动的重要举措之一,具有以行动推动社区治理发展的潜力。文章通过对社区行动者群体在工作中产生的观念分析,探讨其中蕴含的老旧小区改造与社区治理之间的联系,以及可以为社区治理发展提供的经验与参考。文章以沈阳市大东区皇城北片区的实证研究为例,着重分析社区行动者在工作组织安排和工作内容两个方面产生的主观观念,对比分析行动者群体与居民观念的异同。研究发现,社区行动者认为,老旧小区改造的组织安排应为多元参与主体划分清晰的工作任务范围,行动者对自身责任与义务的明晰有助于行动的顺利开展,从而增加以互动构建社区治理网络的可能性,进而实现基层治理体系的发展。

住宅小区建设工程项目质量管理措施研究

为提高住宅小区的建设质量,文章总结了住宅项目的质量管理特征,以某城市高层住宅为研究对象,阐述了质量管理目标和不同阶段的质量管理影响因素。同时,提出了参建单位提前介入、完善管理组织结构、调整合同模式,以及加强人、料、机控制等措施来加强项目质量管理,并对质量管理效果进行评价,以供参考。

居住区建筑设计分析——雄安容东居住及配套设施项目为例

雄安新区作为党中央指导建设的重要新区,要求体现“世界眼光、国际标准、中国特色、高点定位”理念,努力打造贯彻新发展理念的创新发展示范区。其居住区建筑设计要求体现高标准、高质量的建设理念,旨在打造宜居、宜业、宜行、宜游的城市环境。文章以雄安容东居住区项目为例,讨论居住区建筑设计中的总体布局与交通、环境景观、公共服务设施、建筑风貌、住宅功能、新技术运用,运用先进的设计理念和方法,实现高质量居住小区的建设。

高品质饮用水建设及运维中关键问题探讨

随着城市化进程的加快和居民生活水平的提高,人们对饮用水的品质和服务有了更高的要求。为了满足这一需求,一些城市开始探索高品质饮用水居民小区建设,实现从源头到龙头的全过程优质供水。文章以高品质饮用水居民小区建设和运维为核心,从水质标准、二次供水改造及运维等各个环节,介绍了居民小区建设的技术和管理措施。其中,重点分析了影响居民龙头水水质的关键问题,探讨了二次供水模式选择、水箱(池)改造、楼宇管材升级、智慧化泵房建设等建设方面的内容,以及水龄调控、水箱(池)清洗维护、设备运维、水质监测等运维方面的内容,旨在提升居民龙头水水质,保障居民饮用水安全和健康,以期为我国城市供水水平的提升提供借鉴和支持。

全龄友好视角下厦门居住小区户外体育空间布局的舒适性模拟

为探究居住小区户外体育空间的布局方法,依据全龄使用特征,对厦门市9个典型居住小区进行实地观测和微气候模拟。结果表明:居住小区户外体育空间的主要使用者是老人和儿童,其次是中青年和青少年,夏秋季10:00-11:00及15:00-17:30全年龄段使用者最多;集中布局并在附近布置公园有利于提高使用率;若不考虑植物遮阴,通风和日照对选址布局影响较大,太阳辐射、气温和相对湿度影响较小;合理配置绿化、设置遮阳设施、采用底层架空及调整建筑物相对位置等,可有效改善微气候、提高全龄舒适度;冬季户外空间获得日照时长差异较大,建筑布局对其具有重要影响。

住宅小区园林绿化工程及施工关键点分析

从园林绿化的施工特点出发,对住宅小区园林绿化施工问题进行了理论分析,探讨了园林绿化施工前的准备工作,施工过程中的注意事项,以及小区建筑与园林绿化的配合方案。

住宅小区园林景观施工与苗木合理配置策略分析

对住宅小区园林苗木的配置和移栽原则进行了详细的阐述,同时,总结了住宅小区园林景观的施工要点,提出了一些具体的苗木配置方法。结果表明,采用论文的苗木配置方法后,直接费用、人工费用、机械费用较之前的方法分别少了28.33万元、6万元、22.33万元。并且其在植物固碳、土壤固碳、植物释氧、空气负离子量上的含量占比对照组分别高出了7.34%、6.01%、5.42%、2.98%。表明论文中的住宅小区园林景观施工与苗木合理配置方法能够实现生态效益最大化。

中国居室未来发展方向探讨——以武汉居住空间演化过程为例

本文对武汉居住空间的演化模式与演化过程进行总结分析,可以帮助我们深入了解城市发展的规律,为未来规划提供重要的指导和决策支持。然而,城市的扩张和发展也伴随着问题。老旧居住区的存在意味着城市资源的浪费,环境质量的下降,社会不公平的加剧等。因此,必须通过更新老旧居住区来提高城市的可持续性和居住质量。本文首先介绍了居住空间的定义,对居住空间的演化过程做出详细的讲解,为未来武汉的居住空间能够更加宜居、可持续和适应未来需求提供参考。

集体行动理论视角下“三无”小区治理困境与路径研究——基于G市6个“三无”小区的调查研究

通过对G市“三无”小区的调研发现,“搭便车”与“协同惰性”下的双重冷漠、科层化的单向度推动、动员资源的有限、价值认同危机是“三无”小区集体行动困境的成因,而党建引领统筹个人理性、多元主体征集群众诉求、多方协商突破科层局限、情感融入助推共同治理使集体行动成为可能。因此,提出党建引领与多方合作、小规模团体与精准把握需求、扩充治理资源与选择性激励、文化一致性与意识共同体等“三无”小区治理路径。