Structural Design of Roadbed and Pavement in Transition Section of Roads and Bridges

As the lifeline of social development,road and bridge projects are the main channel to realize resource transportation and economic circulation.Ensuring the quality of road and bridge project construction is crucial for the development of society,the economy,and people’s livelihoods.This paper studies the design of roadbed pavement structures in road and bridge transition sections.It aims to provide technical references and significance for China’s road and bridge engineering design and construction units,promoting scientific and standardized design in these actions.This will contribute to the safety and stable operation of road and bridge projects,offering effective technical support.Furthermore,it seeks to foster the sustainable and healthy development of China’s road and bridge engineering on a macro level.

Study on the Construction Technology of Subgrade Pavement in Road and Bridge Settlement Section

With the continuous development of China’s economy,the construction of roads and bridges work has put forward higher requirements.Due to various factors,the long-term use of roads and bridges will produce a settlement phenomenon.Therefore,it is crucial to address settlement issues during the construction of roads and bridges to ensure that the quality of subgrade and pavement construction meets national regulations.This paper introduces the harm of subgrade pavement subsidence,analyzes the causes of subgrade pavement deformation,and discusses the technical points of subgrade pavement construction,hoping to provide some reference for relevant practitioners.

Cellular automation model for analyzing capacity of branch road section

In order to reduce the traffic pressure of urban arterial road with the rational utilization of the branch road,the vehicle meeting behavior on the branch road without divided lane was described,and the cellular automation (CA) model was put forward by introducing meeting behavior to reflect the relation between safe meeting speed and road width.The numerical simulation results depict several relation curves between road section capacity,speed and road width under different directional distributions of traffic flow,as well as the curves between the major and minor direction saturation flow,speed and road width.These relation characteristics indicate that except the one-way road section capacity and speed remaining unchanged,other road section capacities and speeds under different directional distributions increase with the increase of road width.On narrow road,the two-way traffic capacity and speed are less than those of one-way traffic;on wide road,the two-way traffic capacity doubles that of one-way traffic,but their speeds are almost the same.As the directional distribution moves to an even distribution of 50/50,the major direction saturation flows and speeds as well as the minor direction speeds tend to decease,while the minor direction saturation flow tends to increase.

Landscape fragmentation associated with the Qingzang Highway and its influencing factors-A comparison study on road sections and buffers

Many studies have examined the effect of roads on landscape fragmentation.Yet they rarely considered local characteristics of the road and road buffer widths.Therefore,this study that took place in the Qingzang Highway(QH)examined the variations in road buffers and road sections of landscape fragmentation.The QH was divided into 32 sections with 23 buffer areas.Based on the indicators of landscape fragmentation from 1980 to 2018,we found significant spatial heterogeneity between sections and buffers.Generally,landscape fragmentation de-creased with increasing buffer distance to the QH.For different sections,the coefficients of variation between buffers were rather high and significantly different.Therefore,fixed-width buffers may overestimate or underes-timate the spatial scope and influence intensity of a road.The impacts of road sections around provincial capitals,prefecture-level cities and main counties on landscape fragmentation were relatively extensive and formed clus-ters of highly fragmented areas.Geodetector results indicated that natural and anthropogenic factors,such as altitude,climate,distance to major settlements and socioeconomic conditions,could well explain the spatiotem-poral characteristics of landscape fragmentation.Altitude,precipitation and the distance to major settlements had higher explanatory power for landscape fragmentation in permafrost regions,whereas slope and socioeconomic condition had higher explanatory power for non-permafrost regions in Xizang Autonomous Region.

A Study on the Development Situation of Sport Resources in Yunnan Section of the Silk Road By

The ancient Silk Road is the main way that connected the communication between ancient China and foreign countries. Until now, many regions along the Silk Road still have broad prospect for development. These abundant tourist resources are also rich in cultural aspects. Among their natural scenery and folk custom, there are various tourist resources could be developed. Developing sport resource which is in the Yunnan section of the Silk Road will be important for boosting Yunnan＇ s tourism. After opening up its tourism, the sport tourism could be transformed into economic and industrial superiority, and then improves the whole economic development of Yunnan areas, achieving a coordinated development for Yunnan＇ s tourism and sport industry. The article analyses and studies the present situation of development which connected with the sport resource in the Yunnan section of the Silk Road. Basing on it, the article comes up with some suggestions about how to develop Yunnan＇ s sport tourism resource.

Subgrade and Pavement Design Strategies for Different Road Settlement Sections

The quality of road engineering construction largely determines the road operation safety and driving comfort. However, in road engineering construction, the settlement of subgrade and pavement has always been an insurmountable problem. Therefore, in road construction practice, targeted treatment should be carried out for the sections prone to settlement, and subgrade and pavement design strategies for these settlement sections should be carried out, so as to reduce the risk of settlement and ensure the improvement of road engineering quality and safety.

Technical Analysis of Subgrade and Pavement Construction in Settlement Section of Municipal Road and Bridge Engineering

The construction of municipal roads and bridges is an important foundation for the smooth traveling and transportation.However,if there a reduction in the subgrade and pavement part,the safety and the comfort of the driver will be seriously affected,therefore,reasonable measures should be taken on time to tackle the related issues.The significance of subgrade and pavement construction in the subsidence section,the key points of the construction,and the appropriate control measures that are should be taken in the actual construction,was discussed in this paper.Further,this paper analyzes the availability of the subgrade and pavement construction technology for the municipal roads and bridges,to provide a reference for engineers.

公路缓和曲线长度的合理取值分析

为给车辆由直线(圆曲线)驶入圆曲线(直线)提供合理的路径长度,确保驾驶员能以安全、舒适、自然的状态驶入目标曲线单元,通过对现行路线规范中缓和曲线长度取值规定的合理性分析,发现回旋线参数取值规定易存在曲线单元间长度分配均匀、取值长度过长、不易与地形地物相协调等问题。结合美国《绿皮书》对缓和曲线取值的相关规定,从汽车行驶轨迹、缓和曲线偏移值特征及超高过渡等方面对缓和曲线长度取值进行理论分析研究。结果表明:在设计速度一定的情况下,随着圆曲线半径的增加,缓和曲线长度取值应随之减小;随着设计速度的增加,缓和曲线长度取值也应随之增加,但增加值较小,可忽略不计;在设计速度和圆曲线半径均相同的情况下,随着缓和曲线长度的增加,驾驶员判断前方平曲线的曲率半径偏小,易驶入临近车道,不利于交通安全。另外,根据缓和曲线偏移值特征及超高过渡所需长度研究发现,通过控制缓和曲线偏移值1 m、缓和曲线长度200 m范围,圆曲线半径与缓和曲线之间的变化关系较为稳定,符合车辆行驶轨迹,基本满足超高过渡段设置的要求。经计算得出当圆曲线半径大于1666 m时,缓和曲线长度宜随圆曲半径的增大而减短。

2024年初两次雨雪冰冻天气过程对公路通行影响的对比分析

2024年1月31日-2月5日、2月18-25日我国先后出现两次大范围雨雪冰冻天气过程(分别简称0131"过程和"0218"过程),两次过程具有相态复杂、雨雪量大、影响范围广、持续时间长等特点。利用全国2430个国家气象站观测数据以及交通流量和公路阻断信息,对比分析了两次雨雪冰冻天气过程对公路通行的影响;同时,选取降雪量、冻雨、积雪深度、地面温度、地面结冰作为影响公路通行的气象指标,构建冰雪天气指数,探讨冰雪天气强度与公路通行影响的关系。结果表明:两次过程发生于春节前后人口流动高峰期,"0218"过程影响范围更广,造成交通流量的降低幅度总体高于"0131"过程;两次过程中陕西、山西、河南、湖北、湖南以及贵州6省公路通行受积雪或结冰影响严重,路段封闭段次多,但影响程度存在地区差异,其中山西、河南、湖北、湖南"0131"过程影响更重,陕西、贵州"0218"过程影响更重;两次过程中冰雪天气指数强度与公路阻断影响度的变化趋势一致,与交通流量变化率呈反比,反映出冰雪天气指数对于冰雪天气下的公路交通影响研判具有良好指示意义。

弯道路段货车复杂运动惯性荷载特性与机制研究

弯道路段货车运动惯性荷载具有显著的振荡冲击特性,基于车辆多体系统TruckSim动力学仿真方法结合货车荷载现场试验,定义了5类标准弯道类型和荷载特性表征参数,重点对弯道类型、半径、车速和驾驶行为等因素组合对运动惯性荷载的影响开展了研究。研究显示弯道路段货车运动惯性荷载具有分岔、多种运动模式和振荡效应等复杂特性以及偏载、荷载多向组合和冲击基本特性。分岔特性是弯道路段最重要的荷载特性,与车辆速度、弯道半径和超高存在复杂的耦合关系,且具有临界速度效应。弯道路段车辆存在侧向运动、侧倾运动和横摆运动等多种运动模式,并通过悬架弹簧诱发产生复合运动惯性冲击荷载,对于S型、同向型、反向型和广义型弯道存在纵向加减速、制动运动以及多次摇摆运动,且在出弯后荷载具有振荡效应。分岔行为、偏载和过大惯性冲击是诱发弯道路段过早复杂破坏模式和磨损的主要成因,并给出了荷载分岔计算方法、偏载、竖向和水平侧向冲击系数值域,以期为路面设计和管理提供支持。

深江铁路洪奇沥公铁两用大桥主桥方案构思与总体设计

深江铁路洪奇沥公铁两用大桥主桥采用(3×100+808+3×100)m超短边跨钢-混组合混合梁斜拉桥,一跨跨越通航水域。该桥公铁分层布置,上层布置8车道城市快速路,下层布置4线铁路。主梁采用倒梯形双主桁截面,桥面布置紧凑、受力明确、经济性好。中跨主梁采用板桁-箱桁组合结构钢梁,桥面结构参与主桁受力,具有高效综合性能。边跨主梁采用矩形钢管混凝土叠合板-桁组合梁,融结构受力和锚固压重于一体,叠合板采用32 cm厚预制板+40 cm厚现浇层。钢-混结合段采用“钢格室+承压板”构造,钢-混结合面位于桥塔向中跨侧4.6 m。桥塔采用H形混凝土塔,基础采用35根直径4.0 m的大直径钻孔灌注桩。斜拉索采用标准抗拉强度2000 MPa的平行钢丝成品索,最大规格为PES(C)7-547。索梁锚固采用副桁弦杆节点兜底钢锚箱结构,传力可靠、抗疲劳性能好。索塔锚固创新地采用自平衡交叉混合锚固技术,以适应大规格斜拉索锚固。钢桁梁采用“纵向分段、横向分区”制造、运输、现场吊装的施工方案。

丝绸之路河西段聚落空间结构特征与优化策略研究

丝绸之路沿线乡村聚落受到特殊地理环境和多元文化的双重影响,具有重要的文化遗产价值。文章选取典型的丝绸之路河西段肃南县马蹄藏族乡的芭蕉湾村、南城子村、石峰村为研究对象,基于人类聚居学理论,从三维和二维角度运用量化的数理分析方法对样本聚落的空间格局进行系统梳理与分析,总结其形态特征与空间组织规律,发现发展中存在的问题。以此为基础,针对乡村人居环境不断改善提升的需求,有针对性地从“遗传”和“修复”两个层面、“面—线—点”三个层级提出聚落空间结构优化思路。

公铁混合布置大跨度斜拉桥主梁断面形式研究--以赣江公铁大桥西支主桥设计为例

以赣江公铁两用大桥西支主桥设计为例,研究一种适应上层8车道公路、下层对称双线铁路+4车道公路混合布置的主梁断面形式。提出带挑臂双索面箱桁组合断面、带挑臂单索面箱桁组合断面、矩形箱桁组合断面、矩形钢桁梁断面4种主梁断面方案,采用有限元软件分析各方案静动力性能及受力特点,综合考虑方案构造特点、技术指标、工程数量、公铁运营安全、景观效果等,确定该桥选用带挑臂双索面箱桁组合断面。该桥斜拉索最大索力16000 kN,锚固在下层钢箱梁两侧,通过有限元实体分析对锚拉板和钢锚箱式两种索梁锚固形式进行比选研究,钢锚箱形式受力合理、应力水平低、经济性好,设计采用钢锚箱形式。带挑臂双索面箱桁组合断面桥面空间布置合理、下层公铁行车干扰小、梁端竖向变形最小、经济性好,是一种适应公铁混合布置大跨度斜拉桥主梁断面形式。

基于行驶舒适性的路桥过渡段差异沉降控制阈值

为解决传统路面结构路桥过渡段差异沉降过大和二次跳车问题,结合路桥工程实践,通过将桥头搭板放置一定深度和设置两级枕梁,并将桥头搭板与枕梁现浇在一起的方式,提出一种刚柔连续过渡的桥头搭板结构,用以改善桥头路基的应力分布及变形;同时为研究不同等级公路的路桥过渡段差异沉降控制阈值,给出量化指标,通过分析桥头跳车作用机理,根据车辆振动系统输入激励与输出响应的关系,建立二维五自由度车辆振动模型,并根据不同等级公路的路桥过渡段处治情况,建立相应的计算模型,编写程序求解人体加权加速度均方根值,根据人体舒适程度分级情况确定不同等级公路的路桥过渡段差异沉降控制阈值。结果表明:高速公路一级公路、二级公路和三级公路的路桥过渡段差异沉降控制阈值为将容许搭板纵坡变化值控制在0.30%~0.40%、0.40%~0.55%、0.50%~0.75%和0.95%~1.35%,四级公路的路桥过渡段差异沉降控制阈值为台阶高度控制在0.05m以内。

占道施工影响下区域路网容量计算与关键路段识别方法

为研究占道施工事件对区域路网络容量的影响,基于双层规划理论,构建了考虑路段通行能力约束的区域路网络容量计算模型,并设计了求解算法。通过VISSIM仿真软件,确定了施工区段通行能力基准值,对实际通行能力与各影响因素之间的定量关系进行分析,给出了占道施工条件下实际通行能力计算方法。结合交通流分配结果、边介值、蓄意破坏前后路网效率变化率给出了占道施工期区域关键路段识别方法。最后以哈尔滨市阿城区的路网为案例,通过手机信令数据获取得到出行需求分布,计算占道施工前后的路网容量,并对占道施工期阿城区路网进行了重要度排序。研究表明:初始条件下区域路网络容量为38 445 pcu/h,施工时为36 865 pcu/h,路网络容量值减少了4.1%。

多年冻土区路桥过渡段路基优化结构稳定性研究

由于冻胀融沉等病害导致青藏铁路路基问题较一般的地区更加严重且复杂多变。路桥过渡段作为道路与桥梁的重要衔接,路基与桥台的沉降差异严重影响铁路运营的安全性及行车的舒适性。结合一般地区的过渡段差异性沉降治理办法,从刚度差异入手,同时考虑冻土的活动层特性,提出桩基路桥过渡段优化结构,达到路基与桥台刚度的平缓过渡,同时对优化结构进行长期效果分析。结果表明:在过渡段路基处埋设双排四根混凝土桩基后,在持续外荷载以及循环温度荷载作用下,混凝土桩基对冻土温度场影响较小,能保证冻土良好的稳定性;路基与桥台差异性沉降和轨面折角大幅度降低;在全球气候变暖的环境下,通过ANSYS模拟分析温度场、位移场发现,混凝土桩基对过渡段处路基的温度场影响较小,对于差异性沉降治理效果十分显著。

道路桥梁过渡段路基路面施工要点分析

针对当前道路桥梁过渡段路基路面施工存在的不足,研究总结了相关的施工要点,并分析了道路桥梁过渡段路基路面施工的必要性及存在的问题。根据分析结果,提出了道路桥梁过渡段路基路面施工的优化措施,包括路基路面的挖掘和压实、路基路面的维护保养、桥梁墩台裂缝加固、建筑隔板增强等。

基于后注浆工艺纵横交错双向预应力装配式道路施工关键技术研究

为了提升我国公路工程装配化建造水平,基于后注浆法对预应力装配式道路设计与施工开展研究工作。从装配化道路结构创新设计、优化工艺流程、质量控制、提高结构耐久性、缩短建造工期、环境保护及推进行业转型发展等方面深化研究,建立了基于后注浆工艺纵横交错双向预应力装配式道路结构技术体系,采用了“纵横双向格构梁设计,双向交叉预应力,叠合板倒置支承工艺,后注浆法封孔”技术方案,整体遵循“模块化设计,分区段吊装,双向预应力张拉与封锚,后注浆施工”原则,技术方案经专家论证,可行有效,对推动我国公路工程装配化施工具有显著应用价值。

基于三维线形的轻型高速公路纵断面指标研究

为了探究轻型高速公路路线纵断面设计关键参数,基于Carsim/Trucksim软件搭建了人-车-路耦合系统,根据普遍性和不利性原则,选取轿车、面包车和轻型货车作为轻型车辆的代表性车型,开展了代表性车型在直坡路段和弯坡组合路段的行驶仿真。根据轻型车辆在纵断面和弯坡组合路段运行特征,确定了轻型高速公路的控制车型以及路线纵断面的坡度、坡长参数。结果表明:轻型高速公路纵断面设计参数应以轻型货车和面包车作为控制车型;高速行驶下,车辆在弯坡组合路段的速度衰减比在单纵坡路段更为剧烈;根据速度衰减特性和允许速度降幅,轻型高速公路设计速度为100km/h时,若允许轻型货车通行,应以比功率为25W/kg的轻型货车作为控制车辆,路线纵断面最大纵坡为5%,最大坡长为750m,若不允许轻型货车通行,路线纵断面最大纵坡为6%,可不限制最大坡长;设计速度为120km/h和140km/h时,应以比功率为35W/kg的面包车作为控制车辆,路线纵断面最大纵坡分别为6%和5%,对应的最大坡长均为1200m。