KL-SG High-Speed Rail-a catalyst for national economic development Sri Viknesh Permalu and Karthigesu Nagarajoo

Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.

Upgrade of Transportation Infrastructure and Siting of Polluting Enterprises:The Case of High-Speed Railway Launch in China

With the quasi-natural experiment of the launching of high-speed railways in Chinese cities,this paper empirically investigated the effects of the upgrade of the transportation infrastructure on the site selection of polluting enterprises.We found that although the launching of a high-speed railway generally has a negative impact on the siting of polluting enterprises:(i)While there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises of a private and other nature,the reduction in overseas-funded and state-owned enterprises was insignificant;(ii)while the launching of a high-speed railway greatly restrained the entry of polluting enterprises in the eastern region,large cities and more developed cities,this was followed by the movement of more polluting enterprises to the central and western regions,small and medium-sized cities and less developed cities;(iii)there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises in environmentally conscious cities after the launching of a high-speed railway.This paper also found that infrastructure upgrade may influence the siting of polluting enterprises through the following:Environmental cleanness,factor concentration and spatial integration.Government authorities and market entities should be fully aware of and attach great importance to how the transportation infrastructure influences the site selection of businesses,as this is of great significance for China’s regional development planning,local business climate and investment planning,environmental protection,and other related policymaking initiatives.

Analyze China High-Speed Railway Ticket for Spring Transportation from the Perspective of Microeconomics

In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the economic development. However, the annual spring transportation in the special period is still a great challenge to high-speed railway transportation, and this paper analyzes the high-speed railway ticket for spring transportation from the perspective of microeconomics, and then thinks for the solution. This paper specifically analyzes the problem that demand exceeds supply for high-speed railway ticket by using the theories of the demand elasticity of supply and demand and the influence of price on supply and demand, monopoly markets. In addition, opportunity cost, incomplete information and other economic principles are used to think about the theoretical reasons for the difficulty of buying tickets during the spring transportation. I have given my understanding for the two problems owned by China spring transportation, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. For example, speed up the development of substitutes and carry out the mechanism of price fluctuation;In the ticket refunding mechanism, this paper boldly conceives the method to relieve the pressure through a reasonable and scientific ticket refunding mechanism. Finally, this paper starts from the source and find the key point to solve the problem of spring transportation in China by breaking the urban-rural dual structure. Hereafter the final conclusion was drawn: Although there are some problems to cope with the spring transport for the current China high-speed railway, it is believed that in the near future, the difficulty of buying a ticket in spring transportation will no longer hinder the homecoming of wanderers.

System architecture and basic platform for intelligent high-speed railway

Purpose-This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the analysis for the future development trends of world railway,combined with the actual development needs in China high-speed railway,The definition and scientific connotation of intelligent high-speed railway(IHSR)are given at first,and then the system architecture of IHSR are outlined,including 1 basic platform,3 business sectors,10 business fields,and 18 innovative applications.At last,a basic platform with cloud edge integration for IHSR is designed.Findings-The rationality,feasibility and implementability of the system architecture of IHSR have been verified on and applied to the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,providing important support for the construction and operation of the world’s first IHSR.Originality/value-This paper systematically gives the definition and connotation of the IHSR and put forward the system architecture of IHSR for first time.It will play the most important role in the design,construction and operation of IHSR.

Regional container transportation system for Northeast Asia economic cooperation in the 21^(st) century

In this paper, the roles of infrastructure development and transportation coordination for Northeast Asian economic cooperation are discussed. It would be necessary to establish an efficient transportation network as soon as possible. 'Hub-and-Spoke'transportation system and China-Korean peninsula railway container transportation system might be more significant for regional economic cooperation.

ANALYSIS OF SALTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF BED-LOAD TRANSPORT IN FLOWING WATER

The study of bed-load transport is of great significance both in theory and in practice.This paper discusses the saltation of bed-load solid grains in flowing water.Experiments and theoretic analysis have been made by means of high-speed photographing and advanced data processing technique with a combined method based on mechanical and statistical theories.It indicates that the saltation is the main form of the bed-load transport under ordinary flowing conditions.In the meantime,taking suecessive saltation as the mod- el of bed-load transport,systematic analysis has been made with regard to the kinematic properties and mechanism of saltation.The statistical analysis shows that the probability density functions of the relative height and length of saltation are in conformity with Γ-type distribution,while the probability density func- tions of the relative velocities of saltation are in conformity with the Gaussian distribution.

Medical transportation and the contribution of air medical evacuation in isolated mountainous areas of Greece-Case study,Municipality of Agrafa

In every emergency medical situation,access to emergency medical services is an inalienable right of any citizen.The average acceptable time to provide first aid assistance is 60 minutes.In this paper,the possibility of using helicopters for air travel in mountainous areas was examined for the first time for all of Greece and especially for a mountainous and isolated area such as the Municipality of Agrafa.Initially,the time distance-virtual distance,from the hospitals was calculated at the national level of Greece,with an acceptable first contact time of 60 minutes(golden hour),i.e.,less than two hours from the nearest hospital to the incident and back to the hospital and the relevant conclusions are drawn.Then,the case study of Municipality of Agrafa,one of the most mountainous areas in Greece,was examined.The time distance of the settlements from the nearest primary health point,namely the Primary Health Centre(PHC)of West Fragkista,was calculated and the transportation by ground means was compared with the corresponding time by flying means,to investigate the contribution of air transportation or not,of the timely arrival of the patients in the appropriate health structure.Finally,possible helicopter landing locations were identified,using a geographic information system to facilitate the process of air medical transportation in the Municipality of Agrafa.

Creating a Dataset to Boost Civil Engineering Deep Learning Research and Application

With cutting edge deep learning breakthrough,numerous innovations in many fields including civil engineering are stimulated.However,a fundamental issue that civil engineering research community currently facing is lack of a publicly available,free,quality-controlled and human-annotated large dataset that supports and drives civil engineering deep learning research and applications on such as intelligent transportation including connected vehicle,structural health monitoring,and bridge inspection.This paper is a general discussion about demanding needs and construction of a long-anticipated dataset for researchers and engineers in civil engineering and beyond for providing critical training,testing and benchmarking data.The establishment of such a free dataset will remove a major hurdle and boost deep learning research in civil engineering and we hope this work will urge researchers,engineers,government agencies and even computer scientists to work together to start building such datasets.A framework has been developed for the proposed database.Also,some pilot study databases were developed for concrete crack detection,pavement crack detection using normal and infrared thermography,as well as pedestrian and bicyclist detection.A convolution neural network model called Faster RCNN was deployed to check the detection accuracy and a 98%detection accuracy of the proposed datasets was obtained.

For the Greater Good?—A Critical Reflection on Assessing Indirect Economic Effects Caused by Large Transport Projects

Investing in large transport projects affects the (potential) economic development of metropolitan areas. Yet, very little critical research has been performed to understand how to assess these effects. The relationship between infrastructure investments and regional economic development is complex and indirect, and many theoretical and methodological difficulties remain. On the one hand, the assumption that investing in infrastructure is important to sustain economic growth is sometimes doubted. On the other hand, it is argued that investments in infrastructure enhance the accessibility of urban regions and that in the slipstream of such investments, social problems in urban regions can be tackled as well. Despite these contrasting views, there is at least a consensus that transport infrastructure development depends on economic development and vice versa. Yet, in many cases, the method of assessing economic impacts highly affects the results. Therefore, this paper focuses on a critical reflection of methods for estimating economic effects of infrastructure investments. A critical evaluation is made based on Indonesian and Japanese cases. After conducting in-depth desk research on both cases, we found that the broader effects on affected group of people tend to be overlooked due to the problems of time and space dimensions, the chain reaction of effects, and inappropriate data practices. The assessment on the appraisal processes tends to overlook the broader economic implication due to narrow focus and the concept of efficiency of economic theory.

Evaluating the Use of Drones in the Area of Transportation/Construction

Drones are proving out as a valuable tool and growing quickly in the world of technological advances.The applications of these vehicles are spreading widely in the areas of remote sensing,real time monitoring,goods delivery,security,defense,surveillance,infrastructure inspection.Although,the intent behind creating this tool was remote sensing.Smart drones will be the next big innovation and modification,which would have much wider applications especially in the field of infrastructure where it can reduce risks and lower costs.Current direct evaluation techniques are tedious,and the information caught is frequently not led in a precise manner with the areas tested not being geographically correct and the resulting reports being delivered past the point of no return.These were the reasons,which have increased the demand and usage of unmanned vehicles.In this research paper,we present critical review of main advancements of Drones in the area of transportation and agriculture.We present all the research related to civil applications in those areas and challenges including traffic monitoring,Bridge condition assessment,Roadway asset detection and many other applications related to infrastructure inspection enhancement.The paper also contributes with a discussion on the opportunities,which are opened,and the challenges that need to be addressed.Findings from the case studies,it is reported that around 25%of the bridges in united states are deficient and need continuous monitoring for enhancements to prevent any hazard.Unmanned vehicles could be a great help in monitoring these bridges and other important components of transportation,which can efficiently minimize the cost as well as the time spent on inspection for each of this component,as manual inspection requires labor and time which would be subsequently reduced by incorporating the usage of drones in the area of transportation.

土木、水利与交通工程专业“五强一化”课程体系探索与实践

基于新工科背景下的高素质复合型和管理型人才培养已经成为土建类专业的目标需求,培养体系中课程的迭代更新则是其中的关键。以浙江大学建筑工程学院土木、水利与交通工程新工科专业为例,结合新时代发展和新工科建设的实际需求,创新性地提出“土水交融通”的先进教育理念,构建了土木、水利与交通工程专业以强智能和强实践为核心的“五强一化”课程新体系,探讨了土木、水利与交通工程专业在创新与实践、前沿与智能化两个方面的改革和实践经验。“五强一化”课程新体系实现了大土木融通的培养模式,开辟了土建类本科人才培养改革的新方向,可为高校开展新工科专业建设和人才培养提供参考。

AutoCAD Civil 3D在陆上风电场升压站总图进站道路设计中的应用

介绍应用AutoCAD Civil 3D软件进行陆上风电场进站道路的设计理念及设计流程,如创建地形曲面、平曲线设计、纵断面设计、横断面设计、土方量计算,探讨其相对于传统二维设计软件的优势,在面对复杂地质条件的风电场升压站进站道路设计时,应用该软件可简化设计流程,提高工作效率。

高铁对机场城市民航客运的影响测度研究

高铁与民航间的竞合关系使得基于双方比较优势设计和优化中国航空客运网络成为必然。本文以2008—2018年间同时具备高铁站与机场的88个城市为研究对象,在分析高铁建设布局变化的基础上,分别探讨了高铁对中国民航客运的阻力效应、机场旅客吞吐量增速及机场城市的航空等级结构的影响,结果表明:中国高铁建设布局呈现从东部、中部向西部、东北部扩展的态势,且城市对距离在1200 km以下时,高铁对民航客运的阻力效应更为明显。此外,高铁线路开通后第2年对42个机场旅客吞吐量增速及21个机场城市的航空等级结构有负向抑制作用,对19个机场旅客吞吐量增速及47个机场城市的航空等级结构有正向促进作用。因此,中国航空客运市场应结合高铁竞合效应差异,针对性地设计和优化航线网络以发挥航空客运网络优势。

基于演化博弈的民航危险品运输培训监管

为促进民航危险品运输培训精准监管,提升民航监管效能,实现合规培训与监管的最佳局面,进一步保障航空运输安全。首先从行为交互和微观经济学的角度,运用演化博弈方法,构建危险品运输培训机构和民航局双方演化博弈模型,定量分析博弈双方行为策略选择的情境条件及形成原因;然后运用MATLAB软件对重要参数的敏感性进行数值仿真分析,探讨受训者能力不足造成不安全事件概率、查处成功率、处罚力度和监管成本4个重要参数对系统演化路径及结果的影响效应;最后从管理层面对民航危险品运输培训监管提出有针对性的建议及措施。结果表明:受训者能力不足造成不安全事件概率、查处成功率和处罚力度3个参数对博弈双方行为选择具有正效应,而监管成本对博弈双方行为选择具有负效应。

基于“交通强国”背景的土木类专业产教融合校企合作路径探究

旨在深入探讨土木类专业产教融合校企合作的重要性和实施路径,以期为高等教育实践教学改革和行业发展提供有益参考。通过校企合作模式分析、实践教学环节改革与创新和产学一体化项目推进,解决当前校企合作面临的挑战。强调需要从政策支持、机制建设、教师和企业导师培训等多个方面入手,全面提升校企合作的效果。通过不断优化校企合作模式和教学环节,有望为高质量人才培养和行业发展提供有力支持。

民航运输对入境旅游经济的影响——基于异质性与空间溢出效应视角

民航运输是入境旅客来华通道的物质主体,是实现旅游产品价值的先决条件。收集中国31个省(市、自治区)2011—2022年的经济数据,按照入境旅游经济发展程度引入分区域测度法探究航空运输对入境旅游的异质性溢出。研究扩展单一时间序列数据为时间和空间面板数据,通过建立空间计量模型模拟实证。结论表明:(1)我国入境旅游业总体呈现聚集合作的态势。(2)民航运输对入境旅游的溢出存在空间差异。在入境旅游发达区域,空间溢出为正,在入境旅游不发达地区则为负。(3)不同地区,入境旅游的空间集聚特征不同。在入境旅游发达地区,存在明显的竞争和集聚效应;在入境旅游不发达地区,没有明显的集聚特征,旅游生产要素没有空间关联。研究结果为民航资源的合理配置提供理论依据,有助于推动我国区域入境旅游一体化的形成,实现入境旅游高质量发展。

超声速民机机动飞行的聚焦声爆全场预测方法研究

超声速民机在加速、俯冲等机动飞行阶段会产生强烈的聚焦声爆,其全场预测方法是当前国际上研究的热点和难点之一。由于目前无法承受全域非定常计算带来的成本,故而将聚焦声爆全场预测分为焦散计算和波形预测两部分,并在两部分之间迭代求解得到地面聚焦位置和声爆强度。首先,通过耦合求解机动飞行航迹和声射线传播路径,发展了迭代求交点和推进求包络线两类焦散计算方法。其次,在焦散计算和近场计算加中/远场传播之间迭代求得入射波形,作为求解广义Tricomi方程的输入,发展了一套聚焦声爆全场预测方法,并自主开发了预测程序FC-Boom。最后,采用AIAA第三届声爆预测研讨会标模算例和美国SCAMP项目飞行试验算例,验证了全场预测方法和程序的正确性。该工作可作为聚焦声爆抑制和低聚焦声爆设计的基础。

高铁-民航空间竞合研究进展与展望

通过整合交通资源、基础设施以及经济活动等要素,高铁与民航在空间上的竞争与合作有助于推动交通运输与经济社会发展深度融合,加快建设交通强国,构建现代综合交通运输体系。从高铁与民航的空间竞合关系和内涵着手,厘清二者竞合在不同时空尺度及学科视角下的研究重点,归纳近年来相关研究的范式与不足后发现:(1)从研究内容来看,研究重点逐步从运输频率等供给方扩展到旅客选择等需求方,竞合策略也从优化票价、运营频次、线路规划转向提升服务水平与产品类型等差异化竞合选择上;(2)从学科差异来看,经济学、地理学、社会学、工程学会从票价市场、空间结构、运营决策、选址规划等方面关注二者的空间相互作用;(3)目前研究中,系统性、综合性空间影响研究相对不足,尤其是空间竞合类型比较与影响机理研究、交通方式的衔接与当前大数据发展不同步。在此基础上思考未来相关研究的完善方向,旨在为今后我国交通运输发展研究与规划提供一定参考。

2020年我国运输航空公司突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力调查

目的了解我国运输航空公司突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力现况。方法采用方便抽样的横断面研究,收集73家运输航空公司2020年突发公共卫生事件应对的组织资源、应急预案、培训和演练等应急能力现况,使用n(%)进行统计学描述,使用卡方检验和Fisher确切概率法比较不同地区、空勤人员规模航空公司间应急管理能力差异。结果组织资源方面,航空公司应急防控部门设置率、专职人员配置率、信息系统设置率分别为100.0%(73/73)、52.1%(38/73)、26.0%(19/73);应急预案制定率为91.8%(67/73),其中85.1%(57/67)的航空公司在2020年更新了预案;34.3%(25/73)的航空公司每年培训次数≤1次,培训评价反馈(45.2%,33/73)和人员定期考核(52.1%,38/73)等评估与改进手段较少使用;每年组织开展应急演练的航空公司占71.2%(52/73),12.3%(9/73)的航空公司参加地方应急演练,61.6%(45/73)设置了演练评价反馈制度与手段。应急演练评价反馈率存在地区差异(χ^(2)=6.43,P=0.040),东部地区航空公司应急演练评价反馈率高于中部及东北地区(χ^(2)=5.83,P=0.016)。空勤人员数量多、航班量大的航空公司应急专职人员配备率较高(P<0.05)。结论航空公司应急部门设置、应急预案制定率高,均具备一定的突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力,但在应急预案更新、专业人才配备和培养、常态化应急培训演练等方面仍需进一步加强和完善。

Spatial relationship of high-speed transportation construction and land-use efficiency and its mechanism:Case study of Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration

Land-use efficiency is low for the urban agglomeration of China. High-speed transportation construction has been an important factor driving land use change. It is critically important to explore the spatial relationship between the high-speed transportation superiority degree and land-use efficiency. We built a model to evaluate the benefits of convenient high-speed transportation using the relative density of highways and the distance from high-speed rail stations and airports as a metric. We used 42 counties of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as an example. Land-use efficiency was calculated by a DEA model with capital, labor, economic benefits and environmental benefits as input and output factors. We examined the spatial relationships between high-speed transport superiority degree and land-use efficiency and obtained the following results. First, there are significant spatial differences in the relationships between the high-speed transportation superiority degree and land-use efficiency. Taking the two major cities of Jinan and Qingdao as the hubs, the core surrounding counties show significant spatial relationship between land-use efficiency and the high-speed transportation superiority degree. Spatial correlation declines as the distance from the hubs increases. Land-use efficiency is less than high-speed transportation convenience in areas along the transportation trunks that are distant from the hub cities. Correlation is low in areas that are away from both hub cities and transportation trunk routes. Second, high-speed transportation has a positive relationship with land-use efficiency due to the mechanism of element agglomeration exogenous growth. Third, high-speed transportation facilitates the flow of goods, services and technologies between core cities and peripheral cities as space spillover(the hub effect). This alters the spatial pattern of regional land-use efficiency. Finally, the short-board effect caused by decreased high-speed transport construction can be balanced by highway construction and the proper node layouts of high-speed rail stations and airports, resulting in a well-balanced spatial pattern of land-use efficiency.