KL-SG High-Speed Rail-a catalyst for national economic development Sri Viknesh Permalu and Karthigesu Nagarajoo

Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.

Key technologies and applications of intelligent dispatching command for high-speed railway in China

Purpose–The intelligent Central Traffic Control(CTC)system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway(HSR)system.As the core of HSR transportation command,the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching.This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.Design/methodology/approach–This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system.Some new servers,terminals and interfaces are introduced,which are plan adjustment server/terminal,interface for automatic train operation(ATO),interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment(DMS),interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(PSCADA),interface for Disaster Monitoring,etc.Findings–The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans,safety control of train routes and commands,traffic information data platform,integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function.These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR,which commenced operations at the end of 2019.Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity,ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR,reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China’s dispatching system.Originality/value–This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR.To achieve the objectives,new measures need to be conducted,including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command,coping with new requirements with the development of China’s railway signaling system,the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods.

Progress in high-speed train technology around the world

This is a review of high-speed train development in the sense of technology advances all over the world. Three generations of high-speed trains are classified according to their technical characteristics and maximum operating speed. Emphasis is given to the newly developed high-speed train in China, CRH380. The theoretical foundations and future development of CRH380 are briefly discussed.

Cooperative communication technology based on relay antenna in high-speed train scenario

The user signal quality as well as the performance of transmission link experiences severe loss due to wireless channel fading and propagation loss in high-speed railway scenario.To improve the quality at the receiving end,spatial diversity was realized by means of cooperative communication technology based on the uncorrelated characteristics of the channels.The model of mobile communication system in high-speed railway was set up,and a cooperative scheme based on statistics was proposed.Mathematical analysis and simulation results show that the quality of the received signal and the performance of the transmission link are significantly improved using cooperative communication technology compared to that in non-cooperative communication mode.

New technologies for high-risk tunnel construction in GuiyangGuangzhou high-speed railway

Based on the construction of high risk tunnels in Guiguang-Guangzhou high-speed railway, several new technologies were developed for high-risk tunnel con- struction. First, an integrated advanced geological predic- tion was developed for tunneling in karst area. Then, a new system of ventilation by involving the dedusting technol- ogy was proposed and used in the field, which received a good air quality. Finally, a method to minimize the dis- tance between the working face and the invert installation was proposed by optimizing the invert installation and adopting the micro bench method. Applying the method to the project obtained an excellent result. The achievement obtained for this study would be able to provide a valuable reference to similar projects in the future.

Study on 5G Application Scenarios in Intelligent High-Speed Railway

5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intelligent equipment,intelligent operation and in other fields.In order to promote the standardized application of 5G technology in intelligent HSRs in a scientific and orderly manner and to avoid redundant construction and wasteful investment,it is imperative to carry out a systematical top-level design of the application scenarios at the initial stage.To this end,after investigating and analyzing the 5G application demands in different aspects of HSRs and the general structure of the railway 5G network,this paper formulates an overall planning of 5G technology application scenarios and proposes solutions to some typical application scenarios in the intelligent HSR system,based on the architecture and requirements of the intelligent HSR system.

Review and prospect of maintenance technology for traction system of high-speed train

In the past few decades,high-speed trains have witnessed tremendous and vigorous development with the appearance of the oil crisis and industrialization,which became a significant trend in the transportation industry the world over.With the increase of high-speed railway mileage,the amount of high-speed train has grown sharply,the service life of the trains has increased gradually and the components of the vehicle traction system have become worn and aged as a result.Therefore,advanced maintenance technology and its application are key factors to reduce maintenance cost,human resource input and ensure safe,stable and reliable operation of trains.This paper summarizes and discusses the development,application mode,maintenance management and maintenance technology of high-speed railways of the major countries in the world,especially discusses the condition-based maintenance and the key technology of the traction electrical system,and offers the prospect of research direction and the development of traction maintenance technology.

Cotton stalk restitution coefficient determination tests based on the binocular high-speed camera technology

The restitution coefficient(RC)of cotton stalks is an important elementary physical parameter that is required to establish the crushing mechanical model and research the film residue separation machinery.In this study,the calculation method of restitution coefficient considering the rotation motion of stalk-shaped agricultural materials was derived based on the principle of kinematics and the energy restitution coefficient method,and a test bench for measuring the RC was designed and built.The effects of collision material,moisture content,length,diameter,release height,and collision angle respectively on the RC were investigated by single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments,and the regression models between influence factors and the RC were established.The results showed that Q235 showed the highest value of the RC,and it was followed by cotton stalks and soil lumps,sequentially.The RC of cotton stalks decreased with the increase of moisture content and diameter,while it increased at first and then decreased with the increase of length.As the release height was less than 500 mm,the RC increased with the increased release height.As the collision angle was less than 40°,the RC showed a linear increasing trend.The significance of the effects of factors on RC decreased with the following sequence:collision angle,length,release height,diameter,and moisture content.Length,collision angle,and release height were extremely significant.The contrast test results showed that the values based on Newton’s restitution coefficient method were smaller than that based on the energy restitution coefficient method.The verification test showed that the predicted rebound height of cotton stalks calculated based on the energy restitution coefficient method was closer to the actual rebound height,and the relative error was less than 5%.

A discussion on technologies for improving the operational speed of high-speed railway networks

China’s high-speed railway network has already achieved speeds of 350 km/h;however,this could be further increased to 400 km/h.After considering the development status and technical level of the high-speed railway system in China,this study indicates that there are four key technologies involved in improving its operational speed:the track,the electrical moving unit,the control system and the traction power supply.Through an experimental analysis,an evaluation index for the high-speed railway is then constructed based on four aspects:safety,comfort,intelligence and environmental protection.Using this system,the rationality of the high-speed railway speed-improvement plan can be scientifically evaluated.The results are of practical significance to the Chinese railway administration,as they can be used to formulate specific plans to increase rail speeds,and therefore promote the rapid development of the high-speed railway network in China.

Technologies for Compensation or Mitigation of Transmission Impairments in Future High-Speed Optical Networks

The presentation will give an overview over different classes of signal impairments in ultra-long-haul and high-speed optical WDM transmission systems and adequate approaches for suppression, mitigation or compensation are discussed.

The Influence of Longitudinal Magnetic Field on the CO_2 Arc Shape

The COarc welding was carried out under a longitudinal magnetic field,and the arc shape has been studied by using a high-speed camera.From the camera images,we know that under the action of the longitudinal magnetic field,the upper end of the arc will constrict and the lower end of the arc will expand.It would become a bell-type shape and rotate at a highspeed in the optimum range of magnetic field parameters.The arc shape was simulated using a mathematical model,which was established based on experiment data and theoretical knowledge,and mechanism analysis has been carried out regarding the effect of longitudinal magnetic field on COwelding arcs.

Development progress of China's 600 km/h high-speed magnetic levitation train

1outline Launched in 2016 with a focus on the key technologies relatedtohigh-speed magnetic levitation,China's 600 km/h high-speed maglev train project has provided a number of engineering breakthroughs.Focusing on the development process of China's high-speed maglev system,this paper provides a description ofits development history,the innovations achieved,and the capabilities formed throughout the project.The paper commences by introducing the performance and technical innovation of thehigh-speedmaglevsystem interms of aerodynamic design,system dynamics,system energy consumption,vibration and noise reduction,and electromagnetic compatibility,among others.

Prediction model for the initial seed clearing angles of a precision seed meter based on vector fields

Seed clearing is a critical stage during precision seed metering process to ensure high seed singulation.However,there is a lack of understanding of the dynamics in the seed clearing process.In this study,a model was developed to predict initial seed clearing angle,in the seed clearing process using vector fields.The model was applied to an existing high-speed metering device and soybean seeds,and the model was evaluated with bench testing results.Results showed that dynamic changes in forces and constraints of seeds during the seed clearing process could be abstracted as vectors,and the changes of vector directions could be described by their phase angles.The phase angles were functions of the rotational angle of the seed meter.The phase angle of the constraint boundary linearly increases with the increase of the rotational angle.The phase angle of the force fluctuates,as the rotational angle changes.Initial seed clearing angle obtained from the phase angles varies from 8°to 59°,depending on the seeder travel speed.When comparing the values of the initial seed clearing angles predicted by the model with those from the bench tests,the root mean square error(RMSE)were from 2.73 to 3.14,and the correlation(r)between predict and observer were all higher than 0.98,indicating that the model had reasonably good accuracy.

Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Gas Flow and Heat Transfer in the Air Gap of an Electric Machine. Part II: Grooved Surfaces

The study deals with the cooling of a high-speed electric machine through an air gap with numerical and experimental methods.The rotation speed of the test machine is between 5000-4000 r/rain and the machine is cooled by a forced gas flow through the air gap.In the previous part of the research the friction coefficient was measured for smooth and grooved stator cases with a smooth rotor.The heat transfer coefficient was recently calculated by a numerical method and measured for a smooth stator-rotor combination.In this report the cases with axial groove slots at the stator and/or rotor surfaces are studied.Numerical flow simulations and measurements have been done for the test machine dimensions at a large velocity range.At constant mass flow rate the heat transfer coefficients by the numerical method attain bigger values with groove slots on the stator or rotor surfaces.The results by the numerical method have been confirmed with measurements.The RdF-sensor was glued to the stator and rotor surfaces to measure the heat flux through the surface,as well as the temperature.