KL-SG High-Speed Rail-a catalyst for national economic development Sri Viknesh Permalu and Karthigesu Nagarajoo

Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.

System architecture and basic platform for intelligent high-speed railway

Purpose-This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the analysis for the future development trends of world railway,combined with the actual development needs in China high-speed railway,The definition and scientific connotation of intelligent high-speed railway(IHSR)are given at first,and then the system architecture of IHSR are outlined,including 1 basic platform,3 business sectors,10 business fields,and 18 innovative applications.At last,a basic platform with cloud edge integration for IHSR is designed.Findings-The rationality,feasibility and implementability of the system architecture of IHSR have been verified on and applied to the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,providing important support for the construction and operation of the world’s first IHSR.Originality/value-This paper systematically gives the definition and connotation of the IHSR and put forward the system architecture of IHSR for first time.It will play the most important role in the design,construction and operation of IHSR.

Upgrade of Transportation Infrastructure and Siting of Polluting Enterprises:The Case of High-Speed Railway Launch in China

With the quasi-natural experiment of the launching of high-speed railways in Chinese cities,this paper empirically investigated the effects of the upgrade of the transportation infrastructure on the site selection of polluting enterprises.We found that although the launching of a high-speed railway generally has a negative impact on the siting of polluting enterprises:(i)While there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises of a private and other nature,the reduction in overseas-funded and state-owned enterprises was insignificant;(ii)while the launching of a high-speed railway greatly restrained the entry of polluting enterprises in the eastern region,large cities and more developed cities,this was followed by the movement of more polluting enterprises to the central and western regions,small and medium-sized cities and less developed cities;(iii)there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises in environmentally conscious cities after the launching of a high-speed railway.This paper also found that infrastructure upgrade may influence the siting of polluting enterprises through the following:Environmental cleanness,factor concentration and spatial integration.Government authorities and market entities should be fully aware of and attach great importance to how the transportation infrastructure influences the site selection of businesses,as this is of great significance for China’s regional development planning,local business climate and investment planning,environmental protection,and other related policymaking initiatives.

Analyze China High-Speed Railway Ticket for Spring Transportation from the Perspective of Microeconomics

In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the economic development. However, the annual spring transportation in the special period is still a great challenge to high-speed railway transportation, and this paper analyzes the high-speed railway ticket for spring transportation from the perspective of microeconomics, and then thinks for the solution. This paper specifically analyzes the problem that demand exceeds supply for high-speed railway ticket by using the theories of the demand elasticity of supply and demand and the influence of price on supply and demand, monopoly markets. In addition, opportunity cost, incomplete information and other economic principles are used to think about the theoretical reasons for the difficulty of buying tickets during the spring transportation. I have given my understanding for the two problems owned by China spring transportation, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. For example, speed up the development of substitutes and carry out the mechanism of price fluctuation;In the ticket refunding mechanism, this paper boldly conceives the method to relieve the pressure through a reasonable and scientific ticket refunding mechanism. Finally, this paper starts from the source and find the key point to solve the problem of spring transportation in China by breaking the urban-rural dual structure. Hereafter the final conclusion was drawn: Although there are some problems to cope with the spring transport for the current China high-speed railway, it is believed that in the near future, the difficulty of buying a ticket in spring transportation will no longer hinder the homecoming of wanderers.

Hanoi Public TransportmTransformation by Management Using Action Research and Behavior Setting Theory

After the economic reforms in Vietnam, the number of motorbikes surged while public transport lost its passengers. No funds for investment available TRAMOC （Transport Management and Operation Centre）, the Transport Management and Operation Center started the experiment of transforming Hanoi Public Transport by management based on action research, introducing some interventions, which had shown to be effective in Europe. Phase I of the experimental approach was carried out with the smallest company that operated Line 32. The number of daily passengers surged from 1,700 to 8,000. In Phase II, the experiment was extended to the whole net. In 2001, there were 35,000 passengers per day, in 2010, there were 1 million; this is an increase of 3,000%. The result surpassed by far the expectations. The key for understanding the surprising results is the mode choice. 53% of the users are riders by choice; they have access to a car or motorbike. Simulation of the decisions as rational choice based on time needed for trips was proved to be quite accurate. Behavior was analyzed in the frame of behavior setting theory, which brings together urban structure and the design of the transport system. Success with introducing public transport needs a self-reliant leadership, which works with people in their real life situation. An urban transport system is part of the organized behavior of the people, who make use of the technical opportunities offered.

五大连池老黑山熔岩溢出过程和传输系统

五大连池老黑山火山曾在公元1720-1721年喷发,熔岩出露面积60.2km^(2)。老黑山具有我国境内最新喷溢的熔岩流区,使其成为研究单成因火山熔岩表壳类型、熔岩传输系统和熔岩流灾害的理想对象。老黑山火山喷发兼具爆炸性与溢流性,以溢流性为主。本文使用0.05~0.92m/pix无人机航拍数据和12.5m/pix卫星数据,在实地验证的基础上,制作了11000比例尺熔岩流分布过程图。我们将老黑山的6个熔岩流区界定为相应熔岩溢出口的产物,并区分出每个熔岩流区内部的亚区和岩流组。本文归纳出不同尺度熔岩流边界界定的2个标准:(1)熔岩流区的边界界定,需要以大尺度的地形凹陷和沟谷为线索,以熔岩趾分布和压盖关系辅助确定;(2)熔岩流区内部岩流组的界定,更多地依赖于熔岩表壳相组合分析,并辅以地形特征确定。通过对岩流表壳相的分析,本文总结出老黑山熔岩流主要由渣状岩流传输模式主导,同时具有结壳岩流传输和膨胀传输类型。根据老黑山不同岩流的分布和传输特征,我们提出了使用逐层、逐组估算岩流体积的方法。老黑山火山爆炸性碎屑物体积为70×10^(6)m^( 3),爆炸性喷发指数VEI=1~2;熔岩流体积为290×10^(6)m^( 3),溢流式喷发的等级(magnitude)为4.9。根据与Puu Oo 1983-84岩流特征进行对比,推测老黑山喷发烈度为弱-中等(intensity=4~8)。

中转点风险分级收费的危险品多式联运网络设计

近年来,危险品多式联运被广泛应用,而网络中转点由于转运量集聚,导致安全风险较高。为了有效控制危险品多式联运风险,政府可以通过中转点合理选址与分级收费,引导企业合理规划危险品运输路径。首先提出基于中转点风险分级的中转点选址与收费策略,建立危险品多式联运网络设计双层规划模型,上层为网络总风险最小化和总运输成本最小化的中转点选址与分级收费定价问题,下层为各运输事件成本最小化的运输路径规划问题。然后,使用KKT条件转换下层模型为等价约束条件,实现模型单层化,利用Gurobi求解模型。最后,通过算例表明网络风险和运输成本随着中转点数量的增加而降低,证明了中转点分级收费策略可以有效调控危险品多式联运网络风险。

根据DS理论的船舶风险因素评估分析

针对船舶航行风险评估中存在许多不确定影响因素的问题,提出了在模糊风险评估证据理论基础上建立的风险评估方法。在证据集理论空间中,每一事件均可确认为模糊集合子集且融入了模糊概率理论,从而更全面地描述行业学者的专业经验或证据诠释,由此得出了模糊证据理论质量函数的描述法。最后应用其船舶安全系统,提出了船舶风险因素识别和风险评估详细程序。计算结果证明,此方法可有效避免决策失误,且简单、易行,有较强的推广和应用价值。

基于频繁序列挖掘的出租车轨迹特性分析

为进一步厘清不同出租车路径选择行为的差异性,采用频繁序列挖掘方法提取了同一个OD对间的频繁路径,构建路径选择集,分别从静态和动态两个角度分析路径集的相似特性。以西安市出租车的轨迹数据为研究对象,通过栅格划分与路网匹配,获得了不同OD对之间的路径集合。重新定义了频繁路径,采用PrefixSpan演变算法,在得到频繁子序列的基础上引入动态阈值和频繁度指标挖掘频繁路径,提取了最短路径和其他路径,完成了3类有效路径集的构建,并分析了路径集的一般属性。其后,将路径上二维时间序列(轨迹)间的相似度表示为动态相似度,将一维有向序列(路段)间的相似度表示为静态相似度,基于改进的最长公共子序列和动态时间规整算法对3类路径进行了相似性分析。结果表明:频繁路径与最短路径的相似度较高,意味着大多数出租车仍然选择具有最低出行时间的路段,但不一定会选择最短路径;时间和距离仍是出行者选择路径时主要考虑的因素,但出行者并不完全追求时间最短或距离最短;试验得到的动态相似度计算结果显著高于静态相似度计算结果,说明路径上的二维时序相似度高于一维形状相似度;两种方法下频繁路径和最短路径的相似度均最高,最短路径和其他路径的相似度均最低,比较结果的一致性说明可以用动态轨迹的相似度来大致度量静态路径的相似度。文中的频繁路径挖掘算法具有一定的可靠性,可为城市交通管理者进行路径推荐、道路规划等提供支持。

面向动态公交的离散分层记忆粒子群优化算法

随着智慧城市、智慧交通的发展,移动互联网和公交智能基础设施以及相关数据的不断完善,通过用户手机预约公交服务的新型公交运营方式——动态公交,已经成为许多城市公交发展的重要探索方向。但目前,对动态公交问题的建模、算法研究不足。基于这一研究现状,提出动态公交问题模型和面向动态公交的离散分层记忆粒子群优化(PSO)算法。首先给出动态公交问题的目标函数和约束条件,给出动态公交问题的解的形式,并定义解的编辑距离;其次提出使用数据驱动的预计算路径集生成PSO算法的优质初始解的方法,给出基于解的编辑距离的PSO算法中粒子的变异概率和自适应收敛系数的计算方式;最后提出将粒子群分层求解的方法,其中低层粒子群可复用、可继承,从而减少单时间片内、时间片间复制和重初始化带来的性能损耗。基于重庆市北碚区蔡家岗街道的真实场景和亿级历史数据建立仿真环境进行实验,实验结果表明:相对于不分层PSO算法,分层PSO算法通过复用和继承能缩短超80%计算用时;自适应参数和变异机制能帮助算法更稳定地收敛到更优解;相对于传统公交系统,动态公交能在同等运力限制下,提高22%的乘客接单率,节省39.1%的乘客出行时间,所提算法能满足公交运营商在片区内进行动态公交调度的需求;相对于对比算法,所提算法平均缩短了85.3%的计算用时,并且在仅耗用80%里程的情况下提高了至少12%的接单率。

驾驶特性对驾驶人应激反应的影响研究

【目的】驾驶人在行驶中受交通应激事件的影响,为探索应激反应的程度展开研究。【方法】采用维也纳交通心理测试系统(VTS)甄选出高驾驶特性组(H组)和低驾驶特性组(L组)各21名被试进行试验,通过统计学方法分析不同驾驶特性群体的应激反应特征,并采用集对分析模型评价被试的应激反应优劣。【结果】研究结果表明:通过检测驾驶人的驾驶特性能力区分其应激反应能力可行,提高驾驶特性能够帮助驾驶人提高应激能力,情况越危急,提高的幅度越大。【结论】试验中,在所有应激距离下,H组的应激反应均优于L组,且应激距离的减少对L组的影响比H组大;在交通应激事件中为驾驶人提供1 s以上交通冲突时间是必要的。

基于模糊层次分析法(Fuzzy-AHP)的船舶柴油机整机海上运输安全环境风险研究

船舶柴油机整机海上运输系统在实际运作中较为复杂,此文以模糊层次分析法为基础,通过问卷调查方式收集业内专家的数据,对船舶柴油机整机海上运输安全环境风险进一步做出了较为细致的研究,识别出的环境影响因子权重可为船舶柴油机整机海上运输安全提供重要的理论参考。

综合维修工区信号机设置方案研究

针对特定综合维修工区工艺总平面布置形式,该文提出4种综合维修工区信号机设置方案,分析各方案车辆进出综合维修工区采用的进路形式及走行路径,以及各方案的运输效率,并针对特殊方案给出在工程设计、施工、运维过程中需注意的事项。新建高速铁路线路通常采用综合维修模式,该文提出的综合维修工区信号机设置方案,可为后续高速铁路工程设计提供参考依据。

基于卡尔曼滤波与可达集的自主车辆安全性验证方法

针对目前自动驾驶中车辆安全性验证缺少动态验证过程以及安全性验证结果保守度过高的问题,构建车辆动力学和车辆跟踪偏差模型,结合卡尔曼滤波与传感器数据对目标集动态状态进行预测更新,通过可达性分析计算可达集;提出准确度指标、优化度指标以及风险指标评价可达集,通过优化各个指标参数以平衡可达集保守度和危险度,在此基础上建立车辆安全等级,实现了自主车辆动态安全性验证任务。结果表明,基于卡尔曼滤波与可达集的自主车辆安全性验证方法不仅可以在平衡保守度和风险度的情况下验证自主车辆安全等级,还可以为车辆监控预警系统提供依据。

岗位需求导向的人才培养方案研究

围绕建设交通类事业单位优化人才发展环境,拓宽职业发展通道,优化人才培养等方面,着重探讨了专业技术人员积极性不足和职业发展通道狭窄的原因,并通过分析建设交通领域的职业需求,提出创新实践路径,包括科学设置岗位比例、岗位实施分级管理以及重视人才培养措施等。通过这些路径的实施,旨在为建设交通行业人才培养模式的改进和打破专业技术人员职业发展瓶颈提供切实可行的建议,最终满足建设交通行业对高素质人才的需求,促进该领域人才培养体系健康、高效发展。

基于目的地选择的跨城出行分布预测模型

为了更加精准地预测跨城出行分布量,利用广东省域手机信令数据和开源统计数据构建了基于大选项集的跨城出行分布选择模型。首先,分析传统出行分布模型在城际出行预测中的不足,指出影响城际出行选择的各项因素,提出基于大选项集的目的地选择模型;其次,以广州和深圳对外出行为例,划分通勤出行、非通勤出行2个出行目的,以出行阻抗、社会经济、产业发展、区位等作为选择变量,分别标定目的地选择模型的系数,得到较好的系数估计结果和模型精度;最后,在街道层面检验广东省跨城出行分布的拟合结果,满足宏观模型应用的精度要求,验证模型的有效性和可行性。

Regional container transportation system for Northeast Asia economic cooperation in the 21^(st) century

In this paper, the roles of infrastructure development and transportation coordination for Northeast Asian economic cooperation are discussed. It would be necessary to establish an efficient transportation network as soon as possible. 'Hub-and-Spoke'transportation system and China-Korean peninsula railway container transportation system might be more significant for regional economic cooperation.

ANALYSIS OF SALTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF BED-LOAD TRANSPORT IN FLOWING WATER

The study of bed-load transport is of great significance both in theory and in practice.This paper discusses the saltation of bed-load solid grains in flowing water.Experiments and theoretic analysis have been made by means of high-speed photographing and advanced data processing technique with a combined method based on mechanical and statistical theories.It indicates that the saltation is the main form of the bed-load transport under ordinary flowing conditions.In the meantime,taking suecessive saltation as the mod- el of bed-load transport,systematic analysis has been made with regard to the kinematic properties and mechanism of saltation.The statistical analysis shows that the probability density functions of the relative height and length of saltation are in conformity with Γ-type distribution,while the probability density func- tions of the relative velocities of saltation are in conformity with the Gaussian distribution.

Prospect Theory Based Hesitant Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Low Sulphur Fuel of Maritime Transportation

The environmental impact of maritime transport has now become a relevant issue in sustainable policy formulation and has attracted increasing interest from academia.For the sustainable development of maritime transport,International Maritime Organization stipulates that the sulfur content of ship emissions will reach 0.5 from 2020.With the approaching of the stipulated implementation date,shipowners need to adopt scientific methods to make decision on low sulfur fuel.In this study,we applied a prospect theory based hesitant fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model to obtain the optimal decision of low Sulphur marine fuel.For this purpose,the hesitant fuzzy decision matrix is established to collect expert opinions,the maximizing deviation method is adopted to determine criteria weights.According to calculate the Euclidean distance from the reference points,we obtain the comprehensive prospect values of alternatives.Lastly,a case study is carried out to illustrate the significance and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.The innovation of this study is that it is the first-time adopting prospect theory and hesitate fuzzy sets to multi-criteria decision making for low Sulphur marine fuel,which provides an effective decision model for shipping companies under Low Sulphur regulations,and can also be extended to other industries.

Evaluation of the maintenance window scheme using fuzzy soft set theory

The maintenance window scheme(MWS) is one of the most important railway transportation organizational plans and plays an important role in ensuring railway operational safety. However, MWS setting is a very complicated process, and most countries currently do so with the help of a computer-aided decision system. In general, a decision system can generate multiple alternatives for MWS within an acceptable time. Therefore, how to choose the best option from the alternatives is a vital decision. This paper presents a novel framework for MWS evaluation based on the Chinese railway system. Specifically, the requirements of each department related to MWS setting are analysed, and we construct an evaluation indicator system for MWS based on the preferences of different departments. Then, we apply the fuzzy soft set theory to MWS evaluation, a method that not only effectively deals with evaluation of uncertain information, but also gives flexibility for experts to input their subjective judgment.Additionally, using the ‘‘AND’’ operation of soft set theory allows combing evaluation information from multiple evaluators to give comprehensive results. Finally, a case study illustrates the proposed framework, showing that the proposed evaluation indicator system and evaluation method are effective and practical.