Study of High-Temperature Superconductor Diplexers for Satellite Communications

The high-temperature superconductor （HTSC） resonator and diplexer are simulated by full-wave tools. A newly developed miniature HTSC diplexer is designed and fabricated on double sided YBa2Cu3O7 （YBCO） film （YBCO/LaAlO3/YBCO）, the thickness of which is 400 nm for YBCO and 0.5 mm for the LaAlO3. The measured results show a good agreement with the simulation. The volume and mass of the diplexers are greatly reduced by miniaturized configuration.

Angular dependence of vertical force and torque when magnetic dipole moves vertically above flat high-temperature superconductor

The interaction between a permanent magnet(PM)assumed as a magnetic dipole and a flat high-temperature superconductor(HTS)is calculated by the advanced frozen-image model.When the dipole vertically moves above the semiinfinite HTS,the general analytical expression of vertical force and that of torque are obtained for an arbitrary angle between the magnetization direction of the PM and the c axis of the HTS.The variations of the force and torque are analyzed for angle and vertical movements in both zero-field cooling(ZFC)condition and field cooling(FC)condition.It is found that the maximum vertical repulsive or attractive force has the positive or negative cosine relation with the angle.However,the maximum torque has the positive or negative sine relation.From the viewpoint of the rotational equilibrium,the orientation of the magnetic dipole with zero angle is deemed to be an unstable equilibrium point in ZFC,but the same orientation is considered as a stable equilibrium point in FC.In addition,both of the variation cycles of the maximum force and torque with the angle areπ.

Lateral magnetic stiffness under different parameters in a high-temperature superconductor levitation system

Magnetic stiffness determines the stability of a high-temperature superconductor(HTS)magnetic levitation system.The quantitative properties of the physical and geometrical parameters that affect the stiffness of HTS levitation systems should be identified for improving the stiffness by some effective methods.The magnetic stiffness is directly related to the first-order derivative of the magnetic force with respect to the corresponding displacement,which indicates that the effects of the parameters on the stiffness should be different from the relationships between the forces and the same parameters.In this paper,we study the influences of some physical and geometrical parameters,including the strength of the external magnetic field(B0)produced by a rectangular permanent magnet(PM),critical current density(Jc),the PM-to-HTS area ratio(α),and thickness ratio(β),on the lateral stiffness by using a numerical approach under zero-field cooling(ZFC)and field cooling(FC)conditions.In the first and second passes of the PM,the lateral stiffness at most of lateral positions essentially increases with B0 increasing and decreases withβincreasing in ZFC and FC.The largest lateral stiffness at every lateral position is almost produced by the minimum value of Jc,which is obviously different from the lateral force–Jc relation.Theα-dependent lateral stiffness changes with some parameters,which include the cooling conditions of the bulk HTS,lateral displacement,and movement history of the PM.These findings can provide some suggestions for improving the lateral stiffness of the HTS levitation system.

Comparative Study of 10-MW High-Temperature Superconductor Wind Generator with Overlapped Field Coil Arrangement

The electromagnetic characteristics and iron loss of a high-temperature superconductor wind generator(HWG)equipped with an overlapped field coil arrangement(OFCA)are studied by comparing with the one equipped with the conventional field coil arrangement(CFCA).Through a quantitative analysis,it was found that HWG with OFCA exhibits better electromagnetic characteristics than HWG with CFCA and can reduce the iron loss by eliminating the magnetic flux sag caused by the adjacent field coil sides with the same current flow direction.In addition,the OFCA topology can further reduce the volume of the wind generator.

Magnetic levitation performance of high-temperature superconductor over three magnetic hills of permanent magnet guideway with iron shims of different thicknesses

Superconducting magnetic levitation performance, including levitation force and guidance force, is important for the application of high-temperature super- conducting maglev. Both of them are not only affected by different arrays of superconductors and magnets, but also by the thickness of the iron shim between permanent magnets. In order to obtain the best levitation performance, the magnetic field distribution, levitation force, and guidance force of a new type of three magnetic hills of permanent magnet guideway with iron shim of different thicknesses （4, 6, and 8 mm） are discussed in this paper. Simulation analysis and experiment results show that the guideway with iron shim of 8 mm thickness possesses the strongest magnetic field and levitation performance when the suspension gap is larger than 10 mm. However, with the decreasing of suspension gap, the guideway with iron shim of 4 mm thickness possesses the best levitation performance. The phenomena can be attributed to the density distribution of flux and magnetization of iron shim.

Vibration characteristics of a multi-block high-temperature superconducting maglev system

The multi-block high-temperature superconducting （HTS） maglev system has more complicated dynamic characteristics than the single-block HTS maglev system. To study its vibration characteristics, we designed a maglev measurement system. The system responses at the excitation frequencies of 2, 3 and 15 Hz were examined. Results show that the responses under excitation frequencies of 2 and 3 Hz include a 6 Hz component, which means that the maglev system is a critical nonlinear system. Moreover, the 6 Hz component is much stronger than the 2 Hz or 3 Hz components in the response spectra. There is the interaction between excitation and response. Under an excitation frequency of 15 Hz, intensified low-frequency perturbations were observed.

HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT CAPACITIES OF THE PHASES IN Y-Ba-Cu-O SYSTEM

ＨＩＧＨ－ＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＨＥＡＴＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＩＥＳＯＦＴＨＥＰＨＡＳＥＳＩＮＹ－Ｂａ－Ｃｕ－ＯＳＹＳＴＥＭＺｈａｎｇＨｅｎｇｚｈｏｎｇ；ＦａｎｇＺｈｅｎｇ；ＺｈａｎｇＰｉｎｇｍｉｎ；ＣｈｅｎＸｉｎｍｉｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓ...

On the Path to High-Temperature Josephson Multi-Junction Devices

We report our progress in the high-temperature superconductor(HTS)Josephson junction fabrication process founded on utilizing a focused helium ion beam damaging technique and discuss the expected device performance attainable with the HTS multi-junction device technology.Both the achievable high value of characteristic voltage V_(C)=I_(C)R_(N)of Josephson junctions and the ability to design a large number of arbitrary located Josephson junctions allow narrowing the existing gap in design abilities for lowtemperature superconductor(LTS)and HTS circuits even with using a single YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-x) film layer.A one-layer topology of active electrically small antenna is suggested and its voltage response characteristics are considered.

Development of metal-organic deposition-derived second-generation high-temperature superconductor tapes and artificial flux pinning

The second-generation high-temperature superconductor tape(2G-HTS,also known as a coated conductor)based on REBaCuO(REBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7-δ))exhibits high current density and potential cost-effective price/performance,compared with conventional superconducting materials.Using commercial 2G-HTS tapes,more than a dozen cable vendors had been manufacturing REBCO cables,such as the latest kilometer-class REBCO cable,which was incorporated into a civil grid on December 2021,as part of the recordbreaking 35-kV-voltage superconductor cable demonstration project in downtown Shanghai.This paper describes the development of HTS-coated conductors,then outlines the various technological routes for their preparation,reviews the artificial flux pinning of coated conductors,and finally summarizes the technological breakthroughs,the latest research advances,and provides an outlook on their application prospects.

Electron-phonon coupling in cuprate and iron-based superconductors revealed by Raman scattering

Electron-phonon coupling （EPC） in cuprate and iron-based superconducting systems, as revealed by Raman scat- tering, is briefly reviewed. We introduce how to extract the coupling information through phonon lineshape. Then we discuss the strength of EPC in different high-temperature superconductor （HTSC） systems and possible factors affecting the strength. A comparative study between Raman phonon theories and experiments allows us to gain insight into some crucial electronic properties, especially superconductivity. Finally, we summarize and compare EPC in the two existing HTSC systems, and discuss what role it may play in the HTSC.

Robustness of s-wave pairing symmetry in iron-based superconductors and its implications for fundamentals of magnetically driven high-temperature superconductivity

Based on the assumption that the superconducting state belongs to a single irreducible representation of lattice symmetry, we propose that the pairing symmetry in all measured iron-based superconductors is generally consistent with the A1g s-wave. Robust s-wave pairing throughout the different families of iron-based superconductors at different doping regions signals two fundamental principles behind high-To superconducting mechanisms： （i） the correspondence principle： the short-range magnetic-exchange interactions and the Fermi surfaces act collaboratively to achieve high-Tc superconductivity and determine pairing symmetries; （ii） the magnetic-selection pairing rule： supercon- ductivity is only induced by the magnetic-exchange couplings from the super-exchange mechanism through cation-anion-cation chemical bonding. These principles explain why unconventional high- Tc superconductivity appears to be such a rare but robust phenomena, with its strict requirements regarding the electronic environment. The results will help us to identify new electronic structures that can support high-Tc superconductivity.

Scaling of ac susceptibility and the nonlinear response function of high-temperature superconductors

The amplitude-dependent ac susceptibility of high-temperature superconductors is shown to obey some empirical scaling relations. We try to analyze this behavior by extending a dc nonlinear response function of mixed state to the ac cases. The derived equations for critical current and ac susceptibility x(T) agree with the scaling relations of experimental data.

高温超导谐振器技术及其应用研究综述

目前,用超导临界温度比较高、微波表面电阻Rs较小、超导性能稳定的高温超导薄膜制成的高温超导谐振器已在工程上得到广泛应用。高温超导谐振器较其他谐振器具有Q值高、噪声小、损耗低等优点。它不仅可作为高性能微波器件使用,还可用来开展超导薄膜或介质衬底材料的微波性能研究,在航天领域有望用于空间原子钟。文章对高温超导谐振器的原理、结构、各领域应用及国内外研究情况进行综述,并给出我国发展此项技术的建议。

三维模型下永磁轨道上超导体临界电流对磁悬浮力影响研究

采用数值计算方法对高温超导(HTSC)块材电磁场进行模拟,计算了永磁轨道(PMR)上方超导块材所受到的磁悬浮力。文中给出了一种3D数值计算。模型采用了电磁场磁矢量法(H-方法);基于Fortran语言开发平台编写了有限元求解代码;使用E-J幂指数模型来描述高温超导块材的电场强度E和电流密度J的关系;采用Kim模型来描述高温超导块材的临界电流密度Jc;使用了两块虚拟超导块材叠加的方法处理高温超导材料临界电流密度各向异性的特性。采用文中描述的数值计算方法,成功地对由一个永磁轨道和一块高温超导块材组成的磁悬浮系统进行了计算研究,研究了磁悬浮系统中超导块材的临界电流密度对磁悬浮力的影响。

Critical Scaling of Extended Power Law I - V Isotherms near Vortex Glass Transition

In view of the question about the vortex glass theory of the freezing of disordered vortex matter raised by recent experimental observations, we reinvestigate the critical scaling of high Tc superconductors. It is found that the dc current-voltage characteristic of mixed state superconductors has a general form of extended power law which is based on the Ginzburg-Landau （GL） functional in the similar way as the vortex glass theory. Isotherms simulated from this nonlinear equation fit the experimental I- V data of Strachan et al. [Phys. Rev. Left. 87（2001） 067007]. The puzzling question of the derivative plot for the I - V curves and the controversy surrounding the values of critical exponents are discussed.

Recent progress on high-temperature superconducting filters

Since the discovery of high temperature superconducting(HTS)materials in 1987,the performance of microwave filters such as insertion loss,selectivity,and out-band rejection has been significantly improved by utilizing HTS films.Nowadays,HTS filters have been widely used in wireless communications,space exploration,satellite communications,and several other fields.HTS filters with a special performance,such as wideband,dual-band or multiband,frequency tunable,and high power-handling capability have been designed and fabricated in recent years to meet the increasing requirements of practical applications and to further extend the application areas.This paper reviews the various types of above-mentioned HTS filters as well as the developments of novel design methodologies.

Influence of Gauge Fluctuation on Electron Pairing Order Parameter and Correlation Functions of a Two-Dimensional System

Based on a two-dimensional electron system with pure gauge field, we demonstrate that the long range order of the electron pairing order parameter can be destroyed by the gauge fluctuation for both s-wave and d-wave symmetric Cooper pair parameters, even if the pure gauge field mediates attractive interaction between the spinup and spin-down electrons, while the signal of the Meissner effect is observable. This model can be used to explain the recent experimental data of the high Tc cuprate superconductors observed.

Study of Pseudogap in Underdoped Cuprate

A mean-field spin-density wave (SDW) analysis of pseudogap in the underdoped cuprates is proposed on the dependence of the energy gap which mimics the pseudogap near (π, 0) point at least. It implies that the pseudogap structure near (π, 0) is not sensitive to the long-range order and will survive leading to the pseudogap phenomenon in the underdoped metallic phase. On the other hand, in the long-range ordering antiferromagnetic region, the mean-field SDW theory holds and the pseudogap structure predicated by the theory should be observable experimentallyv. Then one prediction is that the pseudogap would smoothly extrapolate between itinerant antiferromagnetic phase and underdoped metallic phase.

Influence of Ca Content on Binding Energy and Cooper Pairing in Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δCompound

In this research, the influence of calcium content on the binding energy and Cooper pairing is investigated for the high temperature superconducting Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ compound where x = 0 - 0.2). This is done by using model considering that the formation of Cooper pairs happens during tunneling mechanism of holes between the two CuO2 layers in the YCBCO crystal which are considered as forming adjacent potential wells. In this work, we make some modifications on the mentioned model and a modified equation for the binding energy as a function of Ca concentration is formulated to study the effect of Ca content by considering the change in the distance between the CuO2 layer as a function of Ca. The calculated results agree very well with experimental results. This happens because the Ca2+ substitution for Y3+ leads to decreasing the distance between the two CuO2 layers and hence potential energy of the system will be decreased. This leads to decreasing the binding energy between the Cooper pairs, and decreasing the distance between the two CuO2 layers increasing the tunneling probability of holes between the two CuO2 layers and thus increasing conduction mechanism and thus increasing current density, but this will decrease the energy gap and as a result decrease the critical temperature. The calculated results agree very well with experimental results.

长程库仑势对高温超导涡旋电荷的影响

基于Bogoliubov-de Gennes理论,研究了高温超导涡旋电荷符号受长程库仑势的影响.数值结果表明:对稍过掺杂样品,当反铁磁序变强,涡旋电荷的符号发生改变;而对欠掺杂状态,引入长程库仑势并使其强度增强,反铁磁序会受到压制从而强度变弱.在反铁磁序背景下,长程库仑势的值达到一定范围时也能够观察到正涡旋电荷,这对核磁共振实验结果提供了很好的解释.