Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltrans...Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltransferases may suffer from posttranslation sequence modification. The author describes 2 autopsy cases, where in the background of the unusual metastatic tumor presentation, incompatible blood group antigenic determinants have been demonstrated using blood group specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the first case, reported here, a 10-year-old girl developed an acute myeloid leukemia and died in a septic endotoxin shock after successful cytostatic treatment of a juvenile signet ring cell cancer of her colon. At autopsy there were no signs of tumor except bilateral apple-sized mucinous ovarian (Krukenberg) metastases. While she had erythrocyte phenotype of blood group A, the signet ring adenocarcinoma cells expressed blood group B incompatible antigenic determinants with lectin/mAb. In the second case, the autopsy of a 78-year-old female resulted in no macroscopic tumor sign except a moderately enlarged, ham hard spleen. Light microscopy revealed adenocarcinomatous infiltration in the splenic sinusoids. The patient had blood group O, while the metastatic cells in the spleen reacted with Breast Carcinoma Antigen (BioGenex) and incompatible anti-B Banderiaeasimplicifolia agglutinin I and anti-B mAb. It proved to be a case of an occult, completely regressed breast cancer. Based on these observations the expression of tumor specific incompatible blood group antigens might occur from time to time, mostly in adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, blood group-based specific immuno-oncotherapy could be considered in some cancer cases.展开更多
Noroviruses(NoVs) are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, and oysters are the most common carriers of NoV contamination and transmission. NoVs bind specifically to oyster tissues through histo...Noroviruses(NoVs) are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, and oysters are the most common carriers of NoV contamination and transmission. NoVs bind specifically to oyster tissues through histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs), and this facilitates virus accumulation and increases virus persistence in oysters. To investigate the interaction of HBGAs in Pacific oysters with GⅡ.4 NoV, we examined HBGAs with ELISAs and investigated binding patterns with oligosaccharide-binding assays using P particles as a model of five GⅡ.4 NoV capsids. The HBGAs in the gut and gills exhibited polymorphisms. In the gut, type A was detected(100%), whereas type Leb(91.67%) and type A(61.11%) were both observed in the gills. Moreover, we found that seasonal NoV gastroenteritis outbreaks were not significantly associated with the specific HBGAs detected in the oyster gut and gills. In the gut, we found that strain-2006 b and strain-96/96 US bound to type A and H1 but only weakly bound to type Leb; in contrast, the Camberwell and Hunter strains exhibited weak binding to types H1 and Ley, and strain-Sakai exhibited no binding to any HBGA type. In the gills, strain-96/96 US and strain-2006 b bound to type Leb but only weakly bound to type H1; strains Camberwell, Hunter, and Sakai did not bind to oyster HBGAs. Assays for oligosaccharide binding to GⅡ.4 NoV P particles showed that strain-95/96 US and strain-2006 b strongly bound to type A, B, H1, Leb, and Ley oligosaccharides, while strains Camberwell and Hunter showed weak binding ability to type H1 and Ley oligosaccharides and strain-Sakai showed weak binding ability to type Leb and Ley oligosaccharides. Our study presents new information and enhances understanding about the mechanism for NoV accumulation in oysters. Further studies of multiple NoV-tissue interactions might assist in identifying new or improved strategies for minimizing contamination, including HBGA-based attachment inhibition or depuration.展开更多
Norovirus （NOV） is a pathogen that commonly causes viral diarrhea in children. Studies indicate that NoV recognizes human histo-blood group antigens （HBGAs） as cell attachment factors. In order to explore the corr...Norovirus （NOV） is a pathogen that commonly causes viral diarrhea in children. Studies indicate that NoV recognizes human histo-blood group antigens （HBGAs） as cell attachment factors. In order to explore the correlation between of NoV infection and HBGAs, a cross-sectional study was conducted in children less than five years old who were hospitalized with diarrhea in two areas of China between November 2014 and February 2015. Of the paired stool and saliva samples taken from 424 children,展开更多
Noroviruses(NoVs)are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide.Histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs)are receptors or attachment factors that affect the prevalence and host susceptibility of NoVs.GII.6 NoV is on...Noroviruses(NoVs)are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide.Histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs)are receptors or attachment factors that affect the prevalence and host susceptibility of NoVs.GII.6 NoV is one of the predominant genotypes in humans,which recognizes the type ABO secretor of HBGAs.However,the structural basis of GII.6 NoV's interaction with HBGAs receptors remains elusive.In this study,we investigated the binding features of the GII.6 strain to HBGAs using saliva-and glycan-ELISA assays and characterized the molecular basis of the GII.6 virus that recognizes H disaccharide.We showed that the GII.6 P domain recognized some A and O secretor's saliva samples,most B secretor's saliva samples,and H disaccharide antigen,but did not bind non-secretors’saliva.Further,we determined the crystal structures of GII.6 and its complex with H disaccharides at 1.7Å,revealing that the P domain of GII.6 shares the conventional binding interface and mode of GII HBGAs.Single residue mutations at the GII.6-H binding sites could inhibit the binding of GII.6 to HBGAs,demonstrating that the interaction residues were crucial in maintaining NoV-glycan integrity.Finally,structural and sequence analyses showed that the major residues of the GII.6-H interaction were conserved among NoVs in the GII genogroup.Taken together,our study characterized the functional and structural features of GII.6 that allow it to interact with HBGAs,and shed light on NoV evolution,epidemiology,and anti-viral drug development.展开更多
目的分析我国GⅡ.4型诺如病毒(norovirus,NoV)GZ19株的进化特征,并明确其结合组织血型抗原(histoblood group antigens,HBGAs)受体的能力和方式。方法根据GZ19株中的ORF2区序列,构建进化树,并分析其在HBGAs结合位点(HBGA binding sites,...目的分析我国GⅡ.4型诺如病毒(norovirus,NoV)GZ19株的进化特征,并明确其结合组织血型抗原(histoblood group antigens,HBGAs)受体的能力和方式。方法根据GZ19株中的ORF2区序列,构建进化树,并分析其在HBGAs结合位点(HBGA binding sites,HBSs)和关键阻断表位的氨基酸序列。采用原核表达系统表达P颗粒并进行纯化,获得的蛋白经SDS-PAGE和间接ELISA法鉴定后,采用唾液结合试验和寡糖结合试验分析P颗粒的糖结合特征。结果GZ19株属于GⅡ.4 Sydney[P31]谱系,其受体结合位点和阻断表位的氨基酸序列相对保守,与近5年其他GⅡ.4Sydney[P31]毒株具有较高的同源性,而与GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012原型株和GⅡ.4 Sydney[P16]株的差异较大。P颗粒仅与A、B、O、AB分泌型唾液和H-di寡糖结合。结论GZ19株代表目前GⅡ.4 Sydney[P31]NoV的进化方向,P颗粒的成功表达及其与HBGAs受体的结合特征分析,为研究我国GⅡ.4 NoVs的流行进化规律及疫苗开发奠定了基础。展开更多
诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起非菌型胃肠炎暴发流行的主要病原体之一。为了解我国GII.3型NoVs毒株的变异以及受体结合模式,本研究对来自2015年一起中国广州NoVs胃肠炎暴发的GII.3型毒株GZ31597株进行聚合酶区和完整VP1区基因扩增...诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起非菌型胃肠炎暴发流行的主要病原体之一。为了解我国GII.3型NoVs毒株的变异以及受体结合模式,本研究对来自2015年一起中国广州NoVs胃肠炎暴发的GII.3型毒株GZ31597株进行聚合酶区和完整VP1区基因扩增、序列测定和序列分析,并表达VP1突出区蛋白(P蛋白),通过P蛋白与不同血型唾液样本的酶免疫分析法(EIA)测定实验确定其组织血型抗原(Histo-blood group antigens,HBGAs)结合模式。GZ31597株聚合酶和VP1基因系统进化分析表明,GZ31597株为GII.P12/GII.3-SubD基因型(聚合酶/衣壳区),该毒株较先前的GII.3毒株相比,在既是抗原表位又是HBGAs受体结合位点的氨基酸385残基发生了氨基酸转换。根据Western Blotting结果,证实P蛋白成功表达。唾液结合分析结果显示,该毒株P蛋白与A、B、AB、O型分泌型以及O型非分泌型唾液均可以结合,但结合值相对低。本研究表明该GII.P12/GII.3-SubD亚型的GII.3毒株在长期的流行过程中,通过氨基酸的转换,改变抗原性和受体结合活性,使GII.3型毒株在人群中继续流行。通过探索GII.3型NoVs在人群中长期广泛流行的原因,为GII.3型诺如病毒性胃肠炎的预防和控制提供重要依据。展开更多
诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起全球急性胃肠炎的常见病原。组织血型抗原(Histo-blood groups antigens,HBGAs)是NoVs黏附因子(受体),能促进病毒感染宿主细胞。NoVs主要衣壳蛋白突出(Protruding,P)区是与HBGAs结合的关键结构域。本...诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起全球急性胃肠炎的常见病原。组织血型抗原(Histo-blood groups antigens,HBGAs)是NoVs黏附因子(受体),能促进病毒感染宿主细胞。NoVs主要衣壳蛋白突出(Protruding,P)区是与HBGAs结合的关键结构域。本研究构建了非流行毒株GII.26型NoVs P区的原核表达重组质粒,以谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(Glutathione s-transferase,GST)亲和层析纯化P蛋白,人鼻病毒的3C蛋白酶去掉GST标签,通过酶联免疫吸附实验探索P蛋白与HBGAs相互作用的特点,借助同源结构模拟以及结构重叠分析其与相应糖分子之间可能存在的对接位点。结果表明,P蛋白可与包括A型、B型、AB型、O型和非分泌型的215种唾液中的大部分发生结合,但只与19种寡糖中的H双糖结合;模拟的GII.26 P单体的空间构象与GII.17类似,可通过糖结合位点的5个氨基酸与H双糖特异性结合。本研究阐明了GII.26 P蛋白与HBGAs的结合特征及潜在分子机制,为进一步揭示GII.26 NoVs可能的流行趋势及研发潜在抗病毒药物奠定一定的基础。展开更多
诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是导致人急性胃肠炎的最重要病原体之一,也是引起食源性疾病暴发的首要病原体。组织血型抗原(Histo-blood groups antigens,HBGAs)是NoVs的受体或宿主易感因子。已有研究表明HBGAs与NoVs的感染和流行高度相关...诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是导致人急性胃肠炎的最重要病原体之一,也是引起食源性疾病暴发的首要病原体。组织血型抗原(Histo-blood groups antigens,HBGAs)是NoVs的受体或宿主易感因子。已有研究表明HBGAs与NoVs的感染和流行高度相关。GⅡ.23是最近报道的NoVs新基因型。为了研究GⅡ.23与HBGAs的结合特征,表达纯化GⅡ.23基因型的P蛋白之后,通过唾液和寡糖结合实验研究其与HBGAs的结合特性,并通过同源结构模拟探索GⅡ.23 P蛋白与糖抗原潜在的对接分子机制,与已经解析的GⅡ.10的P蛋白与岩藻糖的复合物结构进行重叠。结果发现,GⅡ.23 P蛋白可以与B型唾液结合,但不结合A、O^+和O^-非分泌型唾液;P蛋白与H双糖抗原发生结合;分子模拟显示GⅡ.23 P蛋白具有与岩藻糖环结合的类似特征。本研究首次揭示了GⅡ.23 P蛋白与HBGAs受体的结合特征,为深入探索GⅡ.23基因型NoVs的进化、感染以及流行的具体机制提供了基础资料。展开更多
Rotavirus(RV) is a major foodborne pathogen. For RV prevention and control, it is a key to uncover the interaction mechanism between virus and its receptors. However, it is hard to specially purify the viral receptors...Rotavirus(RV) is a major foodborne pathogen. For RV prevention and control, it is a key to uncover the interaction mechanism between virus and its receptors. However, it is hard to specially purify the viral receptors, including histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs). Previously, the protruding domain protein(P protein) of human norovirus(genotype Ⅱ.4) was displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli, and it specifically recognized and captured the viral ligands. In order to further verify the feasibility of the system, P protein was replaced by VP8* of RV(G9 P[8]) in this study. In the system, VP8*could be correctly released by thrombin treatment with antigenicity retaining, which was confirmed by Western blot and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays. Type A HBGAs from porcine gastric mucin(PGM) were recognized and captured by this system. From saliva mixture, the captured viral receptor bound with displayed VP8* was confirmed positive with monoclonal antibody against type A HBGAs. It indicated that the target ligands could be easily separated from the complex matrix. These results demonstrate that the bacterial surface display system will be an effective platform to explore viral receptors/ligands from cell lines or food matrix.展开更多
文摘Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltransferases may suffer from posttranslation sequence modification. The author describes 2 autopsy cases, where in the background of the unusual metastatic tumor presentation, incompatible blood group antigenic determinants have been demonstrated using blood group specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the first case, reported here, a 10-year-old girl developed an acute myeloid leukemia and died in a septic endotoxin shock after successful cytostatic treatment of a juvenile signet ring cell cancer of her colon. At autopsy there were no signs of tumor except bilateral apple-sized mucinous ovarian (Krukenberg) metastases. While she had erythrocyte phenotype of blood group A, the signet ring adenocarcinoma cells expressed blood group B incompatible antigenic determinants with lectin/mAb. In the second case, the autopsy of a 78-year-old female resulted in no macroscopic tumor sign except a moderately enlarged, ham hard spleen. Light microscopy revealed adenocarcinomatous infiltration in the splenic sinusoids. The patient had blood group O, while the metastatic cells in the spleen reacted with Breast Carcinoma Antigen (BioGenex) and incompatible anti-B Banderiaeasimplicifolia agglutinin I and anti-B mAb. It proved to be a case of an occult, completely regressed breast cancer. Based on these observations the expression of tumor specific incompatible blood group antigens might occur from time to time, mostly in adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, blood group-based specific immuno-oncotherapy could be considered in some cancer cases.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31471663)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project
文摘Noroviruses(NoVs) are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, and oysters are the most common carriers of NoV contamination and transmission. NoVs bind specifically to oyster tissues through histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs), and this facilitates virus accumulation and increases virus persistence in oysters. To investigate the interaction of HBGAs in Pacific oysters with GⅡ.4 NoV, we examined HBGAs with ELISAs and investigated binding patterns with oligosaccharide-binding assays using P particles as a model of five GⅡ.4 NoV capsids. The HBGAs in the gut and gills exhibited polymorphisms. In the gut, type A was detected(100%), whereas type Leb(91.67%) and type A(61.11%) were both observed in the gills. Moreover, we found that seasonal NoV gastroenteritis outbreaks were not significantly associated with the specific HBGAs detected in the oyster gut and gills. In the gut, we found that strain-2006 b and strain-96/96 US bound to type A and H1 but only weakly bound to type Leb; in contrast, the Camberwell and Hunter strains exhibited weak binding to types H1 and Ley, and strain-Sakai exhibited no binding to any HBGA type. In the gills, strain-96/96 US and strain-2006 b bound to type Leb but only weakly bound to type H1; strains Camberwell, Hunter, and Sakai did not bind to oyster HBGAs. Assays for oligosaccharide binding to GⅡ.4 NoV P particles showed that strain-95/96 US and strain-2006 b strongly bound to type A, B, H1, Leb, and Ley oligosaccharides, while strains Camberwell and Hunter showed weak binding ability to type H1 and Ley oligosaccharides and strain-Sakai showed weak binding ability to type Leb and Ley oligosaccharides. Our study presents new information and enhances understanding about the mechanism for NoV accumulation in oysters. Further studies of multiple NoV-tissue interactions might assist in identifying new or improved strategies for minimizing contamination, including HBGA-based attachment inhibition or depuration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81472003 and 31500139)
文摘Norovirus （NOV） is a pathogen that commonly causes viral diarrhea in children. Studies indicate that NoV recognizes human histo-blood group antigens （HBGAs） as cell attachment factors. In order to explore the correlation between of NoV infection and HBGAs, a cross-sectional study was conducted in children less than five years old who were hospitalized with diarrhea in two areas of China between November 2014 and February 2015. Of the paired stool and saliva samples taken from 424 children,
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.32100111,21934005)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Reuter Foundation(no.2019A1515110220)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(no.2020M682900)Shenzhen High-level Hospital Construction Fund.
文摘Noroviruses(NoVs)are the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide.Histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs)are receptors or attachment factors that affect the prevalence and host susceptibility of NoVs.GII.6 NoV is one of the predominant genotypes in humans,which recognizes the type ABO secretor of HBGAs.However,the structural basis of GII.6 NoV's interaction with HBGAs receptors remains elusive.In this study,we investigated the binding features of the GII.6 strain to HBGAs using saliva-and glycan-ELISA assays and characterized the molecular basis of the GII.6 virus that recognizes H disaccharide.We showed that the GII.6 P domain recognized some A and O secretor's saliva samples,most B secretor's saliva samples,and H disaccharide antigen,but did not bind non-secretors’saliva.Further,we determined the crystal structures of GII.6 and its complex with H disaccharides at 1.7Å,revealing that the P domain of GII.6 shares the conventional binding interface and mode of GII HBGAs.Single residue mutations at the GII.6-H binding sites could inhibit the binding of GII.6 to HBGAs,demonstrating that the interaction residues were crucial in maintaining NoV-glycan integrity.Finally,structural and sequence analyses showed that the major residues of the GII.6-H interaction were conserved among NoVs in the GII genogroup.Taken together,our study characterized the functional and structural features of GII.6 that allow it to interact with HBGAs,and shed light on NoV evolution,epidemiology,and anti-viral drug development.
文摘诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起非菌型胃肠炎暴发流行的主要病原体之一。为了解我国GII.3型NoVs毒株的变异以及受体结合模式,本研究对来自2015年一起中国广州NoVs胃肠炎暴发的GII.3型毒株GZ31597株进行聚合酶区和完整VP1区基因扩增、序列测定和序列分析,并表达VP1突出区蛋白(P蛋白),通过P蛋白与不同血型唾液样本的酶免疫分析法(EIA)测定实验确定其组织血型抗原(Histo-blood group antigens,HBGAs)结合模式。GZ31597株聚合酶和VP1基因系统进化分析表明,GZ31597株为GII.P12/GII.3-SubD基因型(聚合酶/衣壳区),该毒株较先前的GII.3毒株相比,在既是抗原表位又是HBGAs受体结合位点的氨基酸385残基发生了氨基酸转换。根据Western Blotting结果,证实P蛋白成功表达。唾液结合分析结果显示,该毒株P蛋白与A、B、AB、O型分泌型以及O型非分泌型唾液均可以结合,但结合值相对低。本研究表明该GII.P12/GII.3-SubD亚型的GII.3毒株在长期的流行过程中,通过氨基酸的转换,改变抗原性和受体结合活性,使GII.3型毒株在人群中继续流行。通过探索GII.3型NoVs在人群中长期广泛流行的原因,为GII.3型诺如病毒性胃肠炎的预防和控制提供重要依据。
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFF0210200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772078).
文摘Rotavirus(RV) is a major foodborne pathogen. For RV prevention and control, it is a key to uncover the interaction mechanism between virus and its receptors. However, it is hard to specially purify the viral receptors, including histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs). Previously, the protruding domain protein(P protein) of human norovirus(genotype Ⅱ.4) was displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli, and it specifically recognized and captured the viral ligands. In order to further verify the feasibility of the system, P protein was replaced by VP8* of RV(G9 P[8]) in this study. In the system, VP8*could be correctly released by thrombin treatment with antigenicity retaining, which was confirmed by Western blot and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays. Type A HBGAs from porcine gastric mucin(PGM) were recognized and captured by this system. From saliva mixture, the captured viral receptor bound with displayed VP8* was confirmed positive with monoclonal antibody against type A HBGAs. It indicated that the target ligands could be easily separated from the complex matrix. These results demonstrate that the bacterial surface display system will be an effective platform to explore viral receptors/ligands from cell lines or food matrix.
