Hepatic Histopathological Characteristics and Antioxidant Response of Phytoplanktivorous Silver Carp Intraperitoneally Injected with Extracted Microcystins

Objective To investigate the hispathological characteristics and antioxidant responses in liver of silver carp after intraperitoneal administration of microcystins （MCs） for further understanding hepatic intoxication and antioxidation mechanism in fish. Methods Phytoplanktivorous silver carp was injected intraperitoneally （i.p.） with extracted hepatotoxic microcystins （mainly MC-RR and -LR） at a dose of 1000 μg MC-LReq./kg body weight, and liver histopathological changes and antioxidant responses were studied at 1, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively, after injection. Results The damage to liver structure and the activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes including catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and glutathione peroxide （GPX） were increased in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion In terms of clinical and histological signs of intoxication and LD50 （i.p.） dose of MC-LR, silver carp appears rather resistant to MCs exposure than other fishes. Also the significantly increased SOD activity in the liver of silver carp suggests a higher degree of response to MCs exposure than CAT and GPX.

A Clinical and Histopathological Analysis of 147 Cases of Dermatofibroma (Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma)

Background: Dermatofibroma usually occurs on the extremities or trunk as a common and benign skin tumor. The identification of typical dermatofibroma is uncomplicated, although it can be challenge due to its wide range of presentations and histological variations. Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of 147 Cases of Dermatofibroma. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 147 biopsy specimens of 124 patients who were diagnosed with dermatofibroma in the Department of Dermatology and the Department of Pathology at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2009 and April 2024. All case were retrieved from the saved medical records. Results: Ages of the 124 Dermatofibroma-affected individuals ranged from 11 to 61 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.7. Over 80% of the case occurred between the ages of 20 and 49 years, 61.9% of the lesions were found on the extremities. The duration of the cases varied from 17 days to 30 years and half of lesions (58.2%) persisted for less than two years. Over 60% of the lesions were found on the extremities. The diameter of the tumors ranged between 0.3 cm and 5 cm, with most tumors measuring less than or equal to 2 cm (85.00%). Cutaneous masses or dermatofibroma was the most common clinical diagnosis. Most tumors (79.6%) were asymptomatic. Cutaneous masses or dermatofibroma was the most common clinical diagnosis. Prior to the surgical procedure, 57 cases were suspected to be “DF”, 55 cases were suspected to be “cutaneous masses”. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive expression of SMA, while the negative rate of CD34 was found to be 66.67%. No diffuse CD34 positivity was observed in all tumors. Conclusion: Variations in clinical features, pathological manifestations, and immunohistochemical results of DF pose challenges for accurate diagnosis. A comprehensive understanding of its clinical and pathological characteristics is crucial for precise identification. Incorporating immunohistochemical analysis can help prevent misdiagnosis.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung:A case report

BACKGROUND Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung(HAL)is a rare type of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),histologically similar to hepatocellular carcinoma.HAL has high malignancy and poor prognosis,and a better treatment plan needs further study.CASE SUMMARY In order to deeply understand the occurrence and development of HAL,here we report a case of HAL with extensive metastasis of alpha fetoprotein negative KRAS A146T mutation.The patient refused chemotherapy and received one course of treatment(immune checkpoint inhibitors),and died three months later due to progressive disease.CONCLUSION HAL is a special type of NSCLC.The surgical treatment of HAL in the limited stage can achieve long-term survival,but most of them were in the advanced stage when they were found,and the prognosis was poor,which requires multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment.

Colorectal carcinoma in Lagos and Sagamu,Southwest Nigeria:A histopathological review

AIM： To study the frequency, gender and age distribution as well as pathological characteristics of colorectal carcinoma （CRC） in Lagos and Sagamu in SW Nigeria. METHODS： This is a retrospective pathological review of histologically diagnosed CRC from 5 laboratories inLagos ＆ Sagamu. The clinical data, such as age, sex and clinical summary were extracted from demographic information. Cases of anal cancer were excluded from this study. RESULTS： There were 420 cases （237 males and 183 females） of CRC. It peaked in the 60-69 year age group （mean： 50.7; SD： 16.2）, M：F ratio 1.3：1 and 23% occurred below 40 years. The majority was well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma 321 （76.4%）, rnucinous carcinoma 45 （10.7%） and signet ring carcinoma 5 （1.2%）, and more common in patients under 40 years compared to well differentiated tumors. The recto-sigmoid colon was the most common site （58.6%）. About 51% and 34% of cases presented at TNM stages Ⅱand Ⅲ, respectively. CONCLUSION： CRC is the commonest malignant gastrointestinal （GIT） tumor most commonly located in the recto-sigmoid region. The age and sex prevalence and histopathological features concur with reports from other parts of the world.