Historical retrospects and evolutionary characteristics of paleogenomic science and technology

Paleogenomics is a discipline in which the extraction and analysis of DNA from ancient biological remains are studied to understand the evolutionary history of past organisms.Research on this topic has revealed the evolutionary history of humans and other species,traced human migrations and genetic changes,and investigated ancient diseases and environmental influences due to its uniqueness.This paper reviews the scientific and technological history of the development of paleogenomics,including the molecular cloning era,the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique era,the genomics era,and the bio-data analysis era.This field explores the key technological development processes and effects of significant scientific discoveries,ranging from gene cloning technology and sequencing technology to breakthroughs and applications in big data analysis,addressing challenges such as sample contamination and trace collection analysis in paleogenomics research.

Analysis of the Teaching of Ancient Chinese History in the Heritage Conservation Technology Major

Ancient Chinese history is an important part of the curriculum of the Heritage Conservation Technology major.Students can better understand the history of cultural relics and improve their humanistic literacy,which will help them in restoring cultural relics.At present,there are numerous challenges in teaching ancient Chinese history in the Heritage Conservation Technology major.These challenges necessitate the development of effective teaching reform strategies.This paper outlines these challenges and explores effective teaching reform strategies to provide a reference for educators.

Status of the Science and Technology Award of the Chinese Nursing Association and analysis of the development trend of nursing research

Aims and objective:This study focuses on the status quo and development trend of nursing research in our country to provide a reference for nursing research workers and improve the development of nursing research in China.Methods:The official website of the Chinese Nursing Association was searched to obtain the total number,category,geographical distribution,and job of project leaders of winning projects of the Chinese Nursing Association Technology Award.Findings were analyzed using webometrics and content analysis approach to understand the“study hotspots,”“study level,”and“development trend”of nursing research in China.Results:The total number of winning projects was 144.Among them,the number of first,second,and third prizes were 8,36,and 100,respectively.Beijing is the area with the largest number of winners(21),followed by Shanghai(17)and Jiangsu(13).Among the winning projects,the top 3 research areas were specialty nursing,nursing management,and nursing education,with percentages of 50%,27%,and 18%,respectively.Among the 144 project leaders,96% were academic or hospital directors and only 4% were ordinary staff.Conclusions:The geographical distribution of winning projects presented a regional concentration trend.The categories of winning projects are diverse,and our country has made great achievements in every category,particularly in specialty nursing.Most of the project leaders were academic or hospital directors.The stumbling block to nursing research is the lack of high-quality research projects with international influence.Future research should learn from the experiences of developed countries,focus on the in-depth refinement of specialty nursing,and highlight the importance of collaboration to coordinate and promote nursing development in all regions.

Epitome of Research on the History of Science and Technology in China:A Review of the Book Series History of Science and Technology in Pre-Modern China in Comparison with Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China

The early twenty-first century witnessed the publication of the book series Zhongguo kexue jishu shi中国科学技术史(History of science and technology in pre-modern China),which was initiated and organized by the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and compiled by a multitude of Chinese scholars.In comparison with Science and Civilisation in China by Dr.Joseph Needham,Zhongguo kexue jishu shi is superior in the layout characteristics,literature collection,research and explication,field investigation,and simulation experiments.

The Present Research and Prospect of Chinese Geosciences History

It has been over a hundred years since the birth of research on Chinese geosciences history, which was accompanied by the continuous progress of Chinese geosciences. For hundreds of years, it has grown out of nothing to brilliant performance by several generations of Chinese geologists committing their hearts and minds with the spirit of exert and strive without stop to promote the process of China＇s industrialization and to produce the significant impact on serving the society. The study of Chinese geosciences history reflects objectively and historically the history of geosciences in China, which has recorded, analyzed and evaluated the dynamic process sitting in the background and clue of the history of Chinese geosciences development. The study of the history of geological science has roughly experienced two stages in China. The first stage is the study of individual researchers. It spanned approximately 70 years from the early 20th century to the end of the 1970s. The research contents were mainly based on the evolution of geological organizations, the development and utilization of individual mineral species, the history of deposit discovery and the research of geological characters. The main representatives are Zhang Hongzhao, Ding Wenjiang, Weng Wenhao and Li Siguang, Ye Liangfu, Huang Jiqing, Yang Zhongjian, Xie Jiarong, Gao Zhenxi, Wang Bingzhang and etc. The most prominent feature of this period is the accumulation of a very valuable document for the study of the history of China＇s geological history and lays a foundation for the exchange of geological science between China and foreign countries. The second stage is organized group study. It took around 60 years from the 1920s to 1980s. It includes the history of Chinese geology, the history of geological organizations, the history of geological disciplines, the history of geological education, the history of geological philosophy, the history of Chinese and foreign geological science communication, the history of geologists and etc. The most chief feature of this stage is the birth of academic research institute--the establishment of the Commission on the History of Geology of the Geological Society of China.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE RARE EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY(1988)

Solid State Physics,Solid State Chemistry and New Materials181 Energy level structure of KTbPOand ligand field theoretical calculation,Kan Qiubin et al.,Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities,1988,9(5),479.182 Luminescence of cerium(3+)activated rare earth silicophosphates.Huang Zhupo et al.,Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities,1988,9(8),769.183 Relation of SiO/AlOratio to crystal lattice parameter and framework vibration frequencies.Jiang Dazhen et

Abstracts from Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

Continuous cooling transformation of under-cooled aus- tenite for Nb-V microalloyed spring steel 60Si2CrVATHua-lin Wu, Fu-ming Wang, Chang-rong Li, Qing Yan, and Bo ZhangAbstract： The continuous cooling transformation curves of under-cooled austenite in Nb-V microalloyed spring steel 60Si2CrVAT were measured by using a DIL805A quench- ing deformation dilatometer. The microstructure changes of under-cooled austenite in the tested steels at different cool- ing rates were studied by the metallographic method cou- pling with the microhardness method. The effect of Nb con- tent on continuous cooling transformation of the tested steels was analyzed. The experimental results show that with the increase in Nb content, the high-temperature and medium-temperature phase transitions were promoted,

Abstracts from Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

Nonlinear calculation of Hardgrove grindability index for mixed coal used in pulverized coal injectionJian Duan, Long-zhe Jin, Sheng-nan Ou, Zhao-zhong Ding, and Fei GuoAbstract： Both experiments and theory analysis proved that the Hardgrove grindability index （HGI） of mixed coal was nonlinear with its mixture ratio, which was explained by the theory of micro-grinding-ball effect. The HGI of 5 mixed coal samples was measured in lab. Because the HGI data of different mixed coal samples change in different ranges, they could not be directly compared with each other. Though normalizing by the relative grindability ratio （RGR）,

Abstracts from Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

The low-temperature selective catalytic reduction （SCR） denitrification of a flue gas was carried out with Ce-MnOx/ACFN. The denitrification efficiencies were studied by modifying the activated carbon fibers （ACF） and changing the Ce-MnOx loading capacity, Ce/Mn molar ratio and operating conditions respectively. Ce-MnOx/ACFN as a SCR denitrification catalyst has good activity at 70-110℃. The denitrification efficiency increases with rising temperature, and it improves obviously after the ACF is modified by nitric acid. With the increasing of Ce-MnOx loading capacity and Ce/Mn molar ratio, the denitrification efficiency increases firstly and then decreases; but with the increasing of NH3/NO molar ratio in the inlet flue gas, it increases firstly and then tends to be stable. When the volume fraction of vapor in the inlet flue gas is above 8% the denitrification efficiency decreases with the vapor volume fraction increasing.

Abstracts from Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

Optimization algorithm based on Lab VIEW parallel operation and its application in Ni-Ti alloy wire dieless drawing Hong-gang Zhang, Yan-bin Jiang, Zhi-hao Zhang, and Jian-xin Xie Abstract： An optimization method based on LabVIEW parallel operation was proposed to improve the com- puting speed of the traditional genetic algorithm. When applied in a multi-core computer, the optimiza- tion method can achieve multithreading concurrent operations, thereby improving the efficiency of com- putation obviously. The initial speed-path of Ni-Ti al- loy wire dieless drawing was optimized in an eight-core computer by using the optimization method. Com- pared with a method based on MATLAB program, the operation time of the optimization method is only about 1/8 as long as that of the former. Experimental results show that after adopting the optimized speed-path, the length of diameter fluctuation is about 24 mm, which is far less than that of other speed-paths such as the S-line style or linear path.

On the Compilation Modes of Local History of Science and Technology——A Case Study of the History of Ba-Shu Science and Technology

The contents of"Ba-Shu History of Science and Technology"take up a single volume of A General History of Ba-Shu Culture.This paper attempts to explore compilation modes of the history of local science and technology by analyzing the compilation of"Shu History of Science and Technology".There are three approaches available,i.e.a general history-based approach,a discipline-based approach and an integrated approach,also known as a discipline-specific approach based on general history.This paper considers the integrated approach to be the most feasible as it elaborates Ba-Shu culture as a sub-culture of Chinese culture,the connotations of Ba-Shu achievements in science and technology,the special significance of the history of Ba-Shu science and technology,as well as the latest progress in studying the history of Ba-Shu science and technology.This paper also puts forward a possible choice to better approach the compilation of the history of local science and technology,reveals areas worth improving,and indicates a proper direction to move towards.

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

Mineral Study on forecasting strong mining-induced earthquake Tie Li, Meifeng Cai, Hongguang Ji, Shiyu Li, Xuesong He Based on field observations of the high-density digital seismograph and tidal deformation network of a meso-scale seismological experimental site, the data of strong mining-induced earthquake process were analyzed by the seismological method and wavelet tool. Believable b values and ηvalues

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

MineralFluid-Solid Dynamic Coupling Analysis of Foundation Soil during Large Deformation by Dynamic ConsolidationQiping Wang, Nenggang Xie, Xiaolu ShiFor the fluid-solid dynamic coupling question of foundation soil by dynamic consolidation, large deformation hypothesis on the relationship of strain and displacement was adopted to make a non-

ABSTRACTS——From the Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing (in Chinese)

MineralMonitoring and Analysis of the Damage Height of overburden Rock Mass on the MIned-out AreaFenhua Ren, Meifeng Cai, Xingping Lai, et al.Abstract: The vertical boreholes were drilled from the surface for correlation detection of the damage height of overburden rock mass. The expanding height of the inner collapsed zone and the permeable frac-