Sino-Japanese Relations:Understanding and Promoting

The unfolding debate in China over relations with Japan has held the limelight with the participation of academics and netizens—a welcome phenomenon highlighting strong public interest in the issue. What merits our concern, however, is the flood of emotional outbursts mixed up with penetrating, expert comments.

Japan's Military Transformation and Sino-Japanese Military Relations

Military reform, which is led by the U. S. and sweeping its way to the rest of the world, has now become one of the hottest topics in inter- national military arena. Japan makes no exception. The reconstruction of its military forces, which is still in progress, is concentrated on the following two aspects. One is the enlargement of the functions of the Self-Defense Forces (SDF). Participation in overseas operations is in-

SINO-JAPANESE RELATIONS IN THE LIGHT OF MAO'S ESSAY“ON CONTRADICTION”

September 1997 marks the 25th anniversary of the normalization of diplomaticties between China and Japan. By coincidence, the 60th anniversary of thepublication of the well-known philosophical essay“On Contradiction”by the lateChairman Mao Zedong also falls in August the same year. In commemoration ofthese two significant events, with Mao’s masterpiece as his guide, the

Strengthening Sino-Japanese People-to-People Exchanges and Promoting the Growth of Bilateral Relations

In 2018,the developm ent of Sino-Japanese relations returned to the right track.The high-level exchanges between China and Japan have achieved mutual exchanges,and social exchanges have also shown a good development trend.

Suggestions to Promote Sino-Japanese Relations

It is obvious that Sino-Japanese relations are importantly both to China and to Japan. Nevertheless, the reality of "hot economic relations vs. cold political relations" between the two countries puzzles people who show deep concern for Sino-Japanese relations: Are the inherent features of Sino-Japanese relations the cause of the phenomenon? Is the gap between aspiration and action the cause of it? Or both are the causes? The answer is there, but exploration needs to be made. In October 2003, the Export Forum of Contemporary Internation- al Relations held a discussion on "the Future of Sino-Japanese Relations. " On June 5, 2004, the forum further sponsored a symposium, inviting four members of the 21st Century Committee for Sino-Japanese Friendship to have a discussion on "Suggestions to Promote Sino-Japanese Relations" in Wanshou Housing Estate. Based on the current situation of Sino- Japanese relations and on "pulse-feeling" and "group consultation," the four members of the 21st Century Committee for Sino-Japanese Friendship in Beijing tried to write out a "prescription" for the development of Sino-Japanese relations. Though the speeches of the four members vary in length and even differ in views, we sincerely hope the discussion could attract your high attention to Sino-Japanese relations so as to make joint effort to bring Sino-Japanese relations to step onto the right track for healthy development.

Forecasting Sino-Japanese Relations in the 21st Century

The year 1998 marks the 20th anniversary of the signing of the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Peace and Friendship. Twenty years ago, for the sake of establish-ing a relationship of friendship for the future generations, a treaty of peace wassigned between the two countries with different social systems and vastly

From the History of Georgian-German Cultural and Political Relationship： Prince Erekle in Berlin

Georgian kings and princes were trying to establish ties and to develop relationships with European monarchies. In times of cultural, religious, demographic crisis, the Catholic missions sent by the Pope, and Russian ambassadors hold out hope to the Bagrations. In such circumstances, Georgians became closer to Europeans. The Capuchins, the Theatines, Jesuit monks were honored guests and members of the royal retinue in the Georgian Kingdoms-Princedoms. Thanks to them, in XVII-XVIII centuries, were brought up such Georgians thinkers as： Vakhushti Batonishvili, Beri Egnatashvili, Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, Vakhtang VI, Teimuraz II, daughter of Vaghtang VI, Tamar （mother of King Erekle II）, etc. In addition, at the royal courts of Russia and Persia, it became fashionable to send their Princes to Europe, in order to get an education. The best example of this is Peter the Great and Nader Shah＇s son--known as Baron Semlin. From XVIII century, in the history of Georgian-German relations, there are authentic sources about Georgians＇ stay in Germany. Among the sources, if taking them chronologically, the oldest is about military education of Prince Erekle. The following sources are about visits of other Georgian Princes to Germany. The next sources tell about the military campaign of Georgian Hussars regiment, in whose ranks poet Davit Guramishvili was fighting. Among the above-mentioned sources, in the Georgian historiography, the issue of Davit Guramishvili has been well researched, but the same cannot be said of King Erekle II.

Memory Recently Retold： The Chinese Historical Writing of the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II

Memories regarding the history of the Second Sino-Japanese War （1931-1945） and World War il （1939-1945） have always been refreshed in the minds of contemporaries through the retelling of ＂historical war stories＂ in various forms including books, posters, films and other media presentations. However, these retellings are often criticised by some academics as distortion of historical facts. This is because many of the present generation of readers and audiences were not even born at the time the events happened. Thus, ＂historical facts＂ of this era are, in reality, very vague in people＇s minds and their ＂facts＂ are often simply a construction of frequently retold ＂historical war stories＂ mixed with imagination. This article will argue that even immediately after the end of both wars in 1945, fresh history memory was already distorted, with China being the main victim. Following the end of World War II, there was an extensive publication of books and periodicals about the war. However, through varied interpretations of primary sources and use of visual materials in different ways, various positions were created to suit specific needs for justification of China＇s desire to be part of the camp of world powers after 1945. Similar diverse positions were also used to make political arguments criticising both the Axis and Allied Powers for working toward different political ends.

Depressed-type (0-IIc) colorectal neoplasm in patients with family history of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer:A cross-sectional study

AIM： TO investigate the correlation of depressed-type （0-IIc） colorectal neoplasm and family history of firstdegree relatives （FDR） with colorectal cancer （CRC）. METHODS： This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2000 to October 2002 at National Cancer Center Hospital East. Eligible patients undergoing initial total colonoscopy were surveyed regarding family history of CRC among FDR by a questionnaire prior to colonoscopic examinations. All endoscopic findings during colonoscopy were recorded and the macroscopic classification of the early stage neoplasm/cancer was classified into two types （0-IIc vs non 0-IIc）. Odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） were calculated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between macroscopic features and clinicopathological data including gender, age, and family history of FDR with CRC. RESULTS： The OR of an association between family history of FDR with CRC and overall early stage neoplasm adjusted by gender and age was 1.85 （95% CI： 1.31-2.61, P = 0.0004）, that for non 0-IIc neoplasm was 1.71 （95% CI： 1.22-2.41, P = 0.0017） and for 0-IIc colorectal neoplasm was 2.78 （95% CI： 1.49-5.16, P = 0.0031）. CONCLUSION： Our study shows a significant association between a family history of FDR with CRC and 0-IIc colorectal neoplasm. When patients with a family history of FDR with CRC undergo colonoscopy, colonoscopists should check carefully for not only polypoid, but also depressed-type （0-IIc） lesions.

Analyzing the Completeness(Relative Minimum Magnitude) of History Seismic Catalogue in Sichuan Province

Sichuan Province,East Western of China,within the area of east longitude 97°21′-108°31′,north latitude 26°03′-34°19′,which is on the Mediterranean seismic zone;with its complicated geological background,several strong shocks occurred in this district since ancient times.Earthquake catalogue of this area could date back to B.C.26,however,limited by the conditions—technology or funds,lots of minor earthquake have been lost,which could be

Cancer risk in relatives of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers in a large series of unselected patients with breast cancer

Objective:The spectrum and risk of cancer in relatives of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers in the Chinese population have not been established.Methods:A family history of cancer in 9903 unselected breast cancer patients was retrospectively analyzed.BRCA1/2 status was determined for all patients and relative risks(RRs)were calculated to evaluate cancer risk in relatives of the patients.Results:The incidences of breast cancer in female relatives of BRCA1 carriers,BRCA2 carriers,and non-carriers were 33.0%,32.2%,and 7.7%,respectively.The corresponding incidences of ovarian cancer were 11.5%,2.4%,and 0.5%,respectively.The incidences of pancreatic cancer in male relatives of BRCA1 carriers,BRCA2 carriers,and non-carriers were 1.4%,2.7%,and 0.6%,respectively.The corresponding incidences of prostate cancer were 1.0%,2.1%,and 0.4%,respectively.The risks of breast and ovarian cancers in female relatives of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers were significantly higher than female relatives of non-carriers(BRCA1:RR=4.29,P<0.001 and RR=21.95,P<0.001;BRCA2:RR=4.19,P<0.001 and RR=4.65,P<0.001,respectively).Additionally,higher risks of pancreatic and prostate cancers were noted in male relatives of BRCA2 carriers than non-carriers(RR=4.34,P=0.001 and RR=4.86,P=0.001,respectively).Conclusions:Female relatives of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers are at increased risk for breast and ovarian cancers,and male relatives of BRCA2 carriers are at increased risk for pancreatic and prostate cancers.

Sino-Japanese Cooperation in the Belt and Road Initiative:Motivation Analysis and Future Prospect

The global power shift,economic uncertainty and significant domestic pressures have reshaped Japan’s stance from non-cooperative toward positive on China’s Belt and Road Initiative.While structural forces propelling Japan’s policy evolution remain in place,potential gain from strengthening cooperation with China are apparent.It is foreseeable that the BRI will bring wider and more practical Sino-Japanese cooperation,despite a complicated geopolitical setting that will necessitate more counter measures from Japan to "rebalance" its new stance on the Belt and Road Initiative.

A Review of Studies on Sino-Vietnam Relations Under Tributary System(AD 968-1885)

For a long time,the concept“Nei Wai(内外―center-periphery)”has been used to construct the narrative of the backwarded pre-modern East Asian history.While over emphasizing the effect of the center(Nei),it just simply ignored the reactions from the marginal entities(Wai),as ancient China and its neighboring countries’tributary relations could offer us the classic paradigm.In the knowledge world and historical writing records before the establishment of the national states,the period after Vietnam politically independent to China,the most intricate relations between the two countries,or dynasties,we could still find so many similarities of politics and culture in China and Vietnam,which is far beyond the summarized conditions as tributary relations.On the basis of the previous academic construction of Zong Fan relations and applying the research path of decentralization in the view of global history,we can explore and interpret such tributary and diplomatic relations from various perspectives and thus a multi-dimensional,high definition and colorful past of communications between countries is projected to us by the voiceless,motionless,and monotone historical materials.

Bourriaud＇s Relational Aesthetics, Lacanian Aggressivity, and Teaching Contemporary Art History to Studio Art Students

Nicholas Bourriaud＇s relational aesthetics is regarded as a new approach to art history and criticism, but has recently been appropriated by many art programs as a pedagogical and productive strategy in the classroom. While there is much that is positive in Bourriaud＇s ideas in the first sense, its translation into a studio situation is problematic. Offering a corrective through Lacanian psychoanalysis, with acknowledgement of additional figures with corresponding ideas, it is proposed that Bourriaud＇s ideas are valuable additions to pedagogy generally but are equally in need of modifications that encompass a critical understanding of the desire structures of both students and faculty.

The Natural History of Dry Type of Age-related Macular Degeneration

To study the natural history of dry type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and search for a sensitive method for detecting the development of the disease, the fundus fluorescein angiography, visual acuity, electroretinogram and FM 100-hue test were used to examine 75 eyes, 147 eyes, 73 eyes, and 94 eyes respectively. These examinations were taken at least twice during the follow-up periods. The average age was 63.2 years (50-80 years ). The average follow-up was 29.8 months with a range of 3-74 ...

唐蕃交涉中的中书舍人行述研究

我国是一个多民族国家,中华民族发展史就是各民族以不同的方式相互联系、相互促进、相互融合的演进过程,中古时期唐蕃之间的交流与互动即是这一过程的生动体现。本文以两《唐书·吐蕃传》所载中书舍人为研究对象,聚焦唐蕃关系史上一直被忽略却又占据重要地位的中书舍人群体,探寻这一群体在唐代中书省中除了起草进画之外,还兼涉的参议政事、收集情报、分析战略、受命出使等社会功能。此外,吐蕃社会通过吸收整合唐代官制而设置的“知汉书舍人”,尽管与中书舍人的地位与职权天差地别,不可同日而语,但是这一群体在沟通唐蕃、修复旧好、密切关系方面却与中书舍人发挥了相似的作用,反映了吐蕃对汉文化的尊崇以及中华文化对吐蕃社会的浸润与融通。

国际关系史课程教学中实施课程思政的方法探析

在大学历史教学中,教师在教学课程中的价值引领在很大程度上影响大学生的历史观和价值观。国际关系史课程是历史学专业开设的一门重要专业基础课,蕴涵丰富的课程思政元素,具有强大的育人功能。在教学过程中,教师可以通过比较鉴别、榜样示范、专题嵌入等方法,将课程教学目标与思政目标有机结合,培养学生的集体主义精神、爱国主义精神和创新精神,自觉践行社会主义核心价值观。

新罗牛黄入华与唐罗关系——医学史视角下的外交

牛黄稀少且昂贵,比较汉魏观念,唐人心目中的牛黄道地产地逐步向东转移,指向山东半岛。恰在此时,唐丽战争使得唐朝与新罗的关系迅速升温,而双方贡赐关系中物品的选择都煞费苦心。与山东半岛纬度、气候、地理相似的新罗所产牛黄,作为国礼进入唐罗关系中,尤其是龙朔元年(661)开始的苏定方围攻平壤之役,唐罗矛盾初露端倪,由于援兵和军粮问题引发唐方不满,在外交折冲樽俎的同时,新罗牛黄也正式登场,成为双方关系的润滑剂,这种优质牛黄开始为中国所知,逐步压倒了西域等其他来源地的牛黄。宋代朝鲜半岛牛黄在中原的声誉出现了低谷,这可能与宋丽关系受到异族干扰时断时续有关。但明清朝鲜朝天使、燕行使以牛黄制品疏通关节,朝鲜半岛牛黄借着“牛黄清心丸”的令名重新登堂入室,成为中国医药观念中的上等佳品。千年以来,朝鲜半岛牛黄在中原的声誉变化,始终与外交活动紧密相关。

论中国国际关系学的三次历史转向

中国国际关系学创立于旧中国,但只有在中华人民共和国成立以后,才真正开始和国家发展的历史进程同频共振。中国国际关系学在新中国成立后,开始了第一次历史转向,其最大的特征是以“国际共运史”为主流;改革开放后开始了第二次历史转向,其最大特征是“回归”西方话语体系的国际关系学本体;世纪之交,国际格局急剧变化,全球治理理念和新型国际关系理念符合时代需求,成为中国国际关系学的第三次转向目标,也应该是世界国际关系学的方向。