SINO-US RELATIONS:THE NECESSITY FOR CHANGE AND A NEW STRATEGY

After several years of stress and strains, a historical opportunity appears on thehorizon for considerable improvement of Sino-US relations. It will determinethe nature of long-term relationship in the post-Cold War years. The

Sino-US Relations: A Bumpy Path of Exploring Cooperation

January 1, 1999 marks the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomaticties between China and the United Slates. Over the past two decades, the bi-lateral relationship has traversed a bumpy path of a "para-strategic partnership" inthe eighties, of "cold confrontation" in the first half of the nineties and of a "rela-tively stable development" in the past two years or so. The two decades have witnessed uninterrupted explorations for a mutually ac-ceptable strategic definition of bilateral relations, which have been characterized

New International Partner Network Launched to Further Sino-US Business Relations

"The network will foster newrelationship between US andChinese small and medium-size companies in 14 key busi-ness centers, generating newopportunities for US SMEs inthe China market and prosper-ity for both our great nations,"said Tim Hauser.

A Strategic Vision Urged for Sino-US Economic Relations

As an important ingredient in bilateral ties, China-US economic and trade rela-tions have now evolved into a bond of strategic interests that glue the world’stwo great powers. Since a trans-Pacific strategic partnership is taking shape in the political arena,the author believes that, the call of the hour is to go a step further and put

Benefits for Future Sino-US Relations from Lessons of Past 50 Years

The roller coaster Sino-US relations over the past 50 years have dipped to a newlow once again this year, with clamor for strategic competition drowning outadvocacy of strategic cooperation on the other shore of the Pacific Ocean. Why bi-lateral ties have thus far failed to shatter this erratic puzzling bind ? A review of thepast 50 years will perhaps offer us much food for thought.

US Election and Sino-US Relations

The general elections in the United States this year will elect the first presidentin the new millennium, a third of the senators (34) and all the 435 house rep-resentatives. The event will have a historic importance in the annals of the nationbecause involved will not only be the political fortune and strategic direction of theDemocratic and the Republic Parties but also changes in US foreign policy, Chinapolicy in particular.

Bush' s China Policy and the Future of Sino-U.S.Relations

The past two years have witnessed great fluctuations ininternational oil prices,and diplomatic efforts,both above andunder the table,by major powers around this issue.The currenttension in the war-threatened Iraq has added more uncertainties to thefuture world oil situation.Will the world oil supply and demand change?What impact would this exert on big powers’ oil strategy choices,geopolitics as well as world economy?What should China do in such asituation?To find the answers to these questions,at the invitation of theeditor of the Contemporary International Relations,seven experts fromChina Institute of Contemporary International Relations gathered to have adiscussion in early February this year.Naturally,they have differentviews over many issues.Still,we hope our readers would find theirdiscussion interesting.Following is the list of participants.

From the History of Georgian-German Cultural and Political Relationship： Prince Erekle in Berlin

Georgian kings and princes were trying to establish ties and to develop relationships with European monarchies. In times of cultural, religious, demographic crisis, the Catholic missions sent by the Pope, and Russian ambassadors hold out hope to the Bagrations. In such circumstances, Georgians became closer to Europeans. The Capuchins, the Theatines, Jesuit monks were honored guests and members of the royal retinue in the Georgian Kingdoms-Princedoms. Thanks to them, in XVII-XVIII centuries, were brought up such Georgians thinkers as： Vakhushti Batonishvili, Beri Egnatashvili, Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, Vakhtang VI, Teimuraz II, daughter of Vaghtang VI, Tamar （mother of King Erekle II）, etc. In addition, at the royal courts of Russia and Persia, it became fashionable to send their Princes to Europe, in order to get an education. The best example of this is Peter the Great and Nader Shah＇s son--known as Baron Semlin. From XVIII century, in the history of Georgian-German relations, there are authentic sources about Georgians＇ stay in Germany. Among the sources, if taking them chronologically, the oldest is about military education of Prince Erekle. The following sources are about visits of other Georgian Princes to Germany. The next sources tell about the military campaign of Georgian Hussars regiment, in whose ranks poet Davit Guramishvili was fighting. Among the above-mentioned sources, in the Georgian historiography, the issue of Davit Guramishvili has been well researched, but the same cannot be said of King Erekle II.

SINO-U.S.RELATIONS:AT A NEW CROSSROADS?

In recent months,Sino-American relations have been experiencing sort of an-other round of tensions,which have raised new concerns from both sides,al-though the optimism and hope for further development built up after a major break-through last summer still persist,especially at working levels.For those who knowthe history of Sino-American relations through the last two decades,the

Depressed-type (0-IIc) colorectal neoplasm in patients with family history of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer:A cross-sectional study

AIM： TO investigate the correlation of depressed-type （0-IIc） colorectal neoplasm and family history of firstdegree relatives （FDR） with colorectal cancer （CRC）. METHODS： This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2000 to October 2002 at National Cancer Center Hospital East. Eligible patients undergoing initial total colonoscopy were surveyed regarding family history of CRC among FDR by a questionnaire prior to colonoscopic examinations. All endoscopic findings during colonoscopy were recorded and the macroscopic classification of the early stage neoplasm/cancer was classified into two types （0-IIc vs non 0-IIc）. Odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） were calculated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between macroscopic features and clinicopathological data including gender, age, and family history of FDR with CRC. RESULTS： The OR of an association between family history of FDR with CRC and overall early stage neoplasm adjusted by gender and age was 1.85 （95% CI： 1.31-2.61, P = 0.0004）, that for non 0-IIc neoplasm was 1.71 （95% CI： 1.22-2.41, P = 0.0017） and for 0-IIc colorectal neoplasm was 2.78 （95% CI： 1.49-5.16, P = 0.0031）. CONCLUSION： Our study shows a significant association between a family history of FDR with CRC and 0-IIc colorectal neoplasm. When patients with a family history of FDR with CRC undergo colonoscopy, colonoscopists should check carefully for not only polypoid, but also depressed-type （0-IIc） lesions.

Analyzing the Completeness(Relative Minimum Magnitude) of History Seismic Catalogue in Sichuan Province

Sichuan Province,East Western of China,within the area of east longitude 97°21′-108°31′,north latitude 26°03′-34°19′,which is on the Mediterranean seismic zone;with its complicated geological background,several strong shocks occurred in this district since ancient times.Earthquake catalogue of this area could date back to B.C.26,however,limited by the conditions—technology or funds,lots of minor earthquake have been lost,which could be

Global Cyberspace Governance: State Actors and the China-US Cyber Relationship

The rising role of state actors,in particular cyber powers in cyberspace governance,has become a promine nt feature of the governance process.All countries begin to take more proactive measures,in terms of building cyber capacities,and getting more involved in global cyberspace governance.This process will be determined upon the interactions of China and the US to be framed within the laws and regulations of global cyberspace governance.

New Sino-US Strategic Gambling and China’s Strategy

Since confidence is fading and anxiety is increasing in the US,America’s China policy has become more radical. In the short term, the US has the upper hand and China is in a relatively passive position. In the medium-and long-term, there will be more balance between them. This current strategic gambling between China and the US will be the major issue of international politics in the first half of the 21 st century and the most prominent external challenge China faces. China needs to make strategic adjustments but the gamble may be worthwhile in correcting imbalance in the international order and in the co-evolution of the two countries.

A Review of Studies on Sino-Vietnam Relations Under Tributary System(AD 968-1885)

For a long time,the concept“Nei Wai(内外―center-periphery)”has been used to construct the narrative of the backwarded pre-modern East Asian history.While over emphasizing the effect of the center(Nei),it just simply ignored the reactions from the marginal entities(Wai),as ancient China and its neighboring countries’tributary relations could offer us the classic paradigm.In the knowledge world and historical writing records before the establishment of the national states,the period after Vietnam politically independent to China,the most intricate relations between the two countries,or dynasties,we could still find so many similarities of politics and culture in China and Vietnam,which is far beyond the summarized conditions as tributary relations.On the basis of the previous academic construction of Zong Fan relations and applying the research path of decentralization in the view of global history,we can explore and interpret such tributary and diplomatic relations from various perspectives and thus a multi-dimensional,high definition and colorful past of communications between countries is projected to us by the voiceless,motionless,and monotone historical materials.

Public-Private Partnerships to Address Global Environmental Problem： Sino-US Cooperation on Climate Change and Energy

The study indicates that public-private partnerships （PPPs） can play ＂strategic＂, ＂practical＂, or ＂regulative＂ roles by making use of ＂instrumental＂, ＂institutional＂, and ＂normative＂ approaches in tackling political issues between countries. PPPs have often been discussed in studies of urban development, service provision, health care, and so on, but they have rarely been analyzed in terms of international relations and political problems on global environmental issues. This study takes an environmental problena---Sino-US energy and climate change cooperation--as a case study to inspect the possible roles and approaches of PPPs. Sino-US cooperation has been launched such as under the Strategic ＆ Economic Dialogue （S＆ED） by both administrations, which has significantly contributed to their reconciliation of domestic abatement policies in climate change, environmental protection, and energy. The establishment of schemes such as the Ten-Year Framework for Cooperation on Energy and Environment （TYF）, the EcoPartnerships, and wide-ranging dialogues and initiatives on clean energy and clean vehicles, in which both public and private actors participate, are among the important approaches of facilitating bilateral cooperation. The study concludes that these schemes have played strategic and practical roles in strengthening the degree of mutual trust and in facilitating the progress of cooperation, although more investigations are needed to considerate their regulative roles. The application of instrumental, institutional, and normative approaches have been observed through the implementation of the TYF and EcoPartnerships.

Bourriaud＇s Relational Aesthetics, Lacanian Aggressivity, and Teaching Contemporary Art History to Studio Art Students

Nicholas Bourriaud＇s relational aesthetics is regarded as a new approach to art history and criticism, but has recently been appropriated by many art programs as a pedagogical and productive strategy in the classroom. While there is much that is positive in Bourriaud＇s ideas in the first sense, its translation into a studio situation is problematic. Offering a corrective through Lacanian psychoanalysis, with acknowledgement of additional figures with corresponding ideas, it is proposed that Bourriaud＇s ideas are valuable additions to pedagogy generally but are equally in need of modifications that encompass a critical understanding of the desire structures of both students and faculty.