Sickle Cell Patient and Addiction to Tramadol: Case Management in Senegal

Introduction: Tramadol* is a synthetic opioid agonist used as an analgesic. Despite its minor potential of addiction, it created recently a lot of concern. Its misuse may be motivated by a need to control the pain or by looking for her euphoric character. The aim of our study was to proceed a psychopathological reading of a case of addiction to Tramadol in a sickle cell patient with histrionic personality traits. Methods: We report the case’s management of a patient with addiction to Tramadol in a sickle cell patient with histrionic personality traits. The diagnosis was based on the DSM IV criteria. The review was done in the model of semi-structured interviews. Observation: Miss DP is 23 years old, sickle cell patient (AS profile). It is addressed to us for the management of an excessive consumption of Tramadol* started 4 years ago. Because of the difficulties of care in outpatient, we conducted hospitalization. The interviews highlight the histrionic personality traits and disruption of family dynamics. Discussion: Painful chronic diseases require a long analgesic treatment. It is a factor of dependence specially when the patient has a personality disorder. Multidisciplinary treatment between psychiatrist and addiction specialist and medical doctor is a guarantee of success.

The Dark Reflection of Sadism within the Brilliance of the Narcissistic Persona

This double blind randomized clinical trial with 84 participants, revealed that mental patients diagnosed with narcissism, and narcissistic celebrities mirror each other’s paranoid, obsessive and histrionic symptomatology, grandiosity, manipulative charm, and inner emptiness. Elite narcissists manifested insidious sadism in the absence of depressive affect, while the narcissistic patients were differentiated by their depressive and masochistic symptomatology. Elite narcissists demonstrated advanced empathic skills, contradicting past literature. However, their empathic advantage appeared void of compassion, merely employed as a self-serving tactic to exploit, intimidate and subordinate. Both experimental narcissistic groups evidenced more prevalent psychopathology, yet, higher achievement, efficacy and ambition than their reciprocal control groups, confirming the narcissists’ finesse in concealing psychopathology under the brilliance of their pseudosuperiority. The main danger is the affinity between masochism and sadism, bonding low and high functioning narcissistic counterparts to endlessly feed from each-others’ pathology, forming dysfunctional interpersonal relationships, cults or disintegrating societies. This sadomasochistic dependency also reflects several countries’ authoritarian trends, where narcissistic constituents’ unyielding loyalty elevates idolized leaders to power, preluding the establishment of toxic tyrannical governments.

论政治家传主的人设——以《希腊罗马名人传》为例

人设即人物设定,由三个环节组成:自我塑造、他人塑造和解塑造;在传记写作中,能否克服传主人设所施展的障眼法,力求实现解塑造,是评价传记家的重要标准。本文考察了《希腊罗马名人传》中三位"美德政治家"——大加图、小加图和布鲁图——的人设,分析其从建立到崩塌的过程,以引起传记作者和读者对政治家传主表演性的关注,并质疑普鲁塔克作传的真实可靠性。