Prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in Children ≤ 5 Years of Age in Some Conflict Hit Areas of Meme Division of the South West Region of Cameroon

Malnutrition refers to the deficiency, imbalances, or excesses in a person’s intake of energy or nutrients [1]. Khan defines anaemia as below level of Haemoglobin in red blood shown by a lower number of functioning red blood cells [2]. The crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has led to several negative effects on children’s living conditions. There has been an increase in malnutrition and anaemia in the South West Region and Kumba in particular. The main objective of this study was “to examine the prevalence of malnutrition and anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age in some conflict-hit areas of Meme Division”. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 from March to June. We recruited 200 children ≤ 5 years into the study from three hospitals. The regional hospital annex in Kumba, Presbyterian General Hospital Kumba and the Ntam Hospital in Kumba. Socio-demographic factors were assessed using questionnaire, nutritional status was assessed by the use anthropometric measurements and an auto haematology analyser was used to determine anaemia. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the study area was 40.5%. The prevalence of malnutrition varied significantly (P < 0.001) with the study sites. The overall prevalence of anaemia in the study area was 70.5%. The prevalence of anaemia was not significantly associated with the study sites. The prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age is very high in the Kumba municipalities. This could be attributed to the ongoing crisis which has caused a lot of social migrations from rural areas to Urban areas which are safer.

现代粮食全产业链标准综合体制定流程优化及应用研究

提高现代粮食全产业链韧性的核心之一是龙头企业制定标准综合体,那么,需要解决关键共性技术识别难、产业链中各环节利益主体所用标准衔接难的问题。首先,基于LDA主题聚类模型,构建HMM-HITS主题关键性识别模型,其特点是识别的关键技术不仅具有竞争力还具有强传播力;再结合基于共类偏度的主题共性识别模型,构建了关键共性技术识别模型;依据价值性、稀有性、难以模仿性、不可替代性和必然实施性的原则,判别该模型识别出的关键共性技术是否进入龙头企业标准体系表。其次,基于农产品供应链机制,构建以提升韧性为目标的标准衔接协商机制。最后,得出现代粮食全产业链的标准综合体制定优化流程,该流程在粳稻标准综合体制定中得到验证。

基于HITS算法的商务英语文本语域特征研究

在分析文本语域特征时,由于缺乏对文本信息之间关系的分析,导致特征分析结果的可靠性较低,为此,提出基于HITS算法的商务英语文本语域特征研究。利用HITS算法建立商务英语文本信息之间的链接关系,并借助中心值和权威值对文本中的型符信息和类符信息进行综合表述。在语域特征分析阶段,以最大信息链接关系强度为基础,对信息交互关联性进行归一化处理,根据信息关联强度与对应语域特征子库的匹配程度,实现对商务英语文本语域特征的分析。在测试结果中,设计方法对于语域特征分析的t检验结果表明,其可以实现对文本语域特征的准确分析。

拟Hitting集及其在基于模型的故障诊断中的应用

基于模型的诊断推理又称为基于深知识的诊断推理，它利用了系统结构和行为等方面的深层知识，克服了传统故障诊断专家系统中过分依赖于专家经验的固有缺陷，从而引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。基于模型的故障诊断通常分两步进行，第一步是与领域相关的冲突识别，第二步是与领域无关的候选产生。本文研究了基于模型故障诊断中的候选产生方法，提出了拟ｈｉｔｔｉｎｇ集的概念，给出一种由拟 ｈｉｔｔｉｎｇ 集求解最小ｈｉｔｔｉｎｇ 集的方法，并对该方法的正确性给予了证明。在此基础上，开发了一种基于拟ｈｉｔｔｉｎｇ 集的候选产生的递推算法。由于在求解过程中仅仅涉及到两个集合之间的运算操作，因而该算法简单实用，极大地减少了诊断的计算量，且程序容易实现。特别是对于复杂的被诊断对象系统，该算法可以明显地提高诊断效率。

不可能 Hitting 集的剔除与可能 Hitting 集的概率排序

在基于模型的故障诊断中，并非由候选产生出的所有ｈｉｔｉｎｇ集都是真实的故障解，同时，各可能ｈｉｔｉｎｇ集的发生概率也不尽相同。为此，本文提出了一种对不可能ｈｉｔｉｎｇ集进行剔除及对可能ｈｉｔｉｎｇ集进行概率排序的诊断方法。

Quantitative method for calculating spatial release region for laser-guided bomb

The laser-guided bomb(LGB)is an air-to-ground pre-cision-guided weapon that offers high hit rates,great power,and ease of use.LGBs are guided by semi-active laser ground-seek-ing technology,which means that atmospheric conditions can affect their accuracy.The spatial release region(SRR)of LGBs is difficult to calculate precisely,especially when there is a poor field of view.This can result in a lower real hit probability.To increase the hit probability of LGBs in tough atmospheric situa-tions,a novel method for calculating the SRR has been pro-posed.This method is based on the transmittance model of the 1.06μm laser in atmospheric species and the laser diffuse reflection model of the target surface to determine the capture target time of the laser seeker.Then,it calculates the boundary ballistic space starting position by ballistic model and gets the spatial scope of the spatial release region.This method can determine the release region of LGBs based on flight test data such as instantaneous velocity,altitude,off-axis angle,and atmospheric visibility.By more effectively employing aircraft release conditions,atmospheric visibility and other factors,the SRR calculation method can improve LGB hit probabi-lity by 9.2%.

Ambulance Records as an Information Source to Document and Prevent Fall Injuries in Sweden

In Sweden, there has been only limited documentation for injuries requiring ambulance responses. The main objective of this study is, through the use of historic data, to assess the suitability of ambulance records to describe circumstances with fall injuries. Methods: The injury events data around patients were sourced from the ambulance data register. Descriptive statistics were used to describe injured patients based on age group, type of injury, place of injury, injury mechanism and consequence of an injury event. Two-group comparison was performed with Pearson’s chi-squared. Predictors of transport to hospital were identified using logistic regression analyses. Result: Ambulance provides unique data on all injury events, with direct implications for translational research, public policy and clinical practice (safety promotion). In 2002 ambulance attended 3964 injured people which represents 14% of ambulance attended workload in Värmland county, Sweden. The most common trauma location was the traffic area followed by residential area and nursing home. These three injury sites account for 2320 cases (61.6%). The most common cause of injury was falls (63.9%) followed by contact with another person (26.5%). Contact with another person is the most common site of injury in the traffic area (79.5%), and men aged 25-66 years are overrepresented. Conclusion: Logistic regression found that, age-group and place code were significant predictor for being attended by ambulance. Traffic, home and nursing homes were over-represented injury environments (61.6%) that require special attention. Most injury cases occur in the home and nursing homes among people over 67 years of age. Surprisingly, most of the injury events in the traffic environment are about hitting another person. Paramedics can provide rich and valuable data on injury events. Registration of such data is entirely possible and desirable, and can be used in preventive work.

The Impact of Health Information Technology on Hospital Performance: A Systematic Integrative Literature Review

Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .

基于集合递推运算的最小hitting集算法

提出一种最小hitting集算法,以满足基于模型故障诊断中诊断解的计算.采用集合递推运算计算了最小hitting集合,并证明了该算法可得到最小冲突集合组的全部最小hitting集合.实验表明,该算法程序容易编制、运算迅速快,可以明显地提高诊断效率,对于复杂的被诊断对象系统可以满足实时性要求.

Brain-lung crosstalk: Implications for neurocritical care patients

Major pulmonary disorders may occur after brain injuries as ventilator-associated pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome or neurogenic pulmonary edema. They are key points for the management of brain-injured patients because respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation seem to be a risk factor for increased mortality, poor neurological outcome and longer intensive care unit or hospital length of stay. Brain and lung strongly interact via complex pathways from the brain to the lung but also from the lung to the brain. Several hypotheses have been proposed with a particular interest for the recently described "double hit" model. Ventilator setting in brain-injured patients with lung injuries has been poorly studied and intensivists are often fearful to use some parts of protective ventilation in patients with brain injury. This review aims to describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of lung injuries in brain-injured patients, but also the impact of different modalities of mechanical ventilation on the brain in the context of acute brain injury.

ON THE HITTING PROBABILITY AND POLARITY FOR A CLASS OF SELF-SIMILAR MARKOV PROCESSES

The anthem investigate the hitting probability, polarity and the relationship between the polarity and Hausdorff dimension for self-similar Markov processes with state space (0, infinity) and increasing path.

HITTING PROBABILITIES AND INTERSECTIONS OF TIME-SPACE ANISOTROPIC RANDOM FIELDS

Let X^(H)={X^(H)(s),s∈R^(N_(1))}and X^(K)={X^(K)(t),t∈R^(N_(2))}be two independent time-space anisotropic random fields with indices H∈(0,1)^(N_(1)) and K∈(0,1)^(N_(2)),which may not possess Gaussianity,and which take values in R^(d) with a space metric τ.Under certain general conditions with density functions defined on a bounded interval,we study problems regarding the hitting probabilities of time-space anisotropic random fields and the existence of intersections of the sample paths of random fields X^(H) and X^(K).More generally,for any Borel set F⊂R^(d),the conditions required for F to contain intersection points of X^(H) and X^(K) are established.As an application,we give an example of an anisotropic non-Gaussian random field to show that these results are applicable to the solutions of non-linear systems of stochastic fractional heat equations.

Calculation and Test of Hitting Force of Firing Bullet on the Bulletproof Helmet

In this paper the hit force of firing bullet on bulletproof helmet has been computed and the test device has been described. The device is divided into two parts: 1) The bullet, helmet and mould are in one system, using moment theorem to calculate the hit force; 2) The mould, sensor and support pole are in one system, using the method in reference [1] that measures the dynamic strain and displacement of simulate target of bulletproof clothes. We compute the transfigure energy and momentum energy when hitting the mould, the work done by the sensor and the expend energy of support pole. We get the hit force of helmet using energy balance principle. The result is according with the test and has been used to design the GGK93T bulletproof helmet and other serial products.

HITTING PROBABILITIES OF WEIGHTED POISSON PROCESSES WITH DIFFERENT INTENSITIES AND THEIR SUBORDINATIONS

In this article,we study the hitting probabilities of weighted Poisson processes and their subordinated versions with different intensities.Furthermore,we simulate and analyze the asymptotic properties of the hitting probabilities in different weights and give an example in the case of subordination.

The Influence of 8 Weeks Plyometrics Training on Golfers Hitting Distance——Taking the Hitting of Driver as an Example

Plyometrics training,can improve the club speed,ball speed and the hitting distance in swinging and hitting.According to the experimental method,15 professional golfers were randomly selected as the reference object,and 24 golfers joined the 8 weeks of plyometrics training.The conclusion was that after 8 weeks of plyometrics training,the experimental group had an increase of the club speed,ball speed and smash factor more obviously than that of the control group.Affected by training years,there is still a gap between the two and professional players.With the increase of club speed and ball speed,both groups have a certain increase in the carry length and total length.Compared to the control group,the experimental group has further hitting distance,but there are still significant differences between them affected by training years.It is suggested that during the teaching and training of golf techniques,practice of the stability of the lower limbs and the instability of the upper limbs should be increased,to improve the hitting distance.

双圈图中Hitting Time的极值问题

设HG(x,y)是图G上的随机游走中,从顶点x到顶点y的步数的期望值。本文主要研究一类双圈图G中φ(G)的极值问题,其中φ(G)=max{HG(x,y):x,y∈V(G)}。利用有效电阻,刻画出了在这类双圈图中,φ(G)达到极值时,相应的极图以及两点在图中的位置。

Drift Analysis in Studying the Convergence and Hitting Times of Evolutionary Algorithms: An Overview

This paper introduces drift analysis approach in studying the convergence and hitting times of evolutionary algorithms. First the methodology of drift analysis is introduced, which links evolutionary algorithms with Markov chains or supermartingales. Then the drift conditions which guarantee the convergence of evolutionary algorithms are described. And next the drift conditions which are used to estimate the hitting times of evolutionary algorithms are presented. Finally an example is given to show how to analyse hitting times of EAs by drift analysis approach.

An Evaluation for the Probability Density of the First Hitting Time

Let h(t) be a smooth function, Bt a standard Brownian motion and th=inf{t;Bt=h(t)} the first hitting time. In this paper, new formulations are derived to evaluate the probability density of the first hitting time. If u(x, t) denotes the density function of x=Bt for t th, then uxx=2ut and u(h(t),t)=0. Moreover, the hitting time density dh(t) is 1/2ux(h(t),t). Applying some partial differential equation techniques, we derive a simple integral equation for dh(t). Two examples are demonstrated in this article.

Basement interface structural characteristics beneath Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area in Xinjiang, China

The seismic data obtained from high resolution seismic refraction profile in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area in Xinjiang, China were further processed with ray hit analysis method and more complete basement interface structural characteristics beneath Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area were determined. The results show that there are two clear basement interfaces at the upper crust in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area. The first one with buried depth ranging from 2.6 km to 3.3 km presents integral and continuous structure, and it appears an inclined plane interface and smoothly rises up toward Tianshan Mountain. The second basement interface with buried depth from 8.5 km to 11.8 km, is the antiquated crystalline basement of Tarim basin. Near the post number of 37 km, the buried depth of the crystalline basement changed abruptly by 2.5 km, which maybe result from an ultra crystalline basement fault. If taking this fault as a boundary, the crystalline basement could be divided into two parts, i.e. the southwestern segment with buried depth about 11.5 km, and the northeastern segment with buried depth approxi-mately from 8.5 km to 9.0 km. That is to say, in each segment, the buried depth changes not too much. The northeast segment rises up as a whole and upheaves slightly from southwest to northeast, which reflects the upper crustal deformation characteristics under the special tectonic background at the northwestern edge of Tarim basin.

Croatia,China Hitting the Fast Lane of Cooperation

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang paid an official visit to Croatia in April, and attended the eighth leaders’ meeting of China and Central and Eastern European Countries in the Croatian seaside city Dubrovnik. During Li’s visit, the two countries signed a range of cooperation deals in several areas, and the Year of Tourism between China and Croatia was also inaugurated. Accompanied by Croatian Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic, Li also inspected the project of the Peljesac Bridge, the largest-ever infrastructure cooperation project between the two countries. Under the framework of the Belt and Road Imitative, the two countries are hitting the fast lane of cooperation.