The authors use data from fight logs during the 2016-2017 regular National Hockey League (NHL) season to test for a difference in the proportion of games with and without fights for each of the thirty NHL teams. Only ...The authors use data from fight logs during the 2016-2017 regular National Hockey League (NHL) season to test for a difference in the proportion of games with and without fights for each of the thirty NHL teams. Only one team (Toronto Maple Leafs) was more likely to be involved in a fight at a home game than at an away game. Teams that fought proportionally more often in the second half of the season made the playoffs;teams that fought significantly less often did not. And, long distance air travel (flights involving more than 1000 miles or trips that required crossing at least one time zone) resulted in disproportionately more games with fights for eight different NHL teams.展开更多
Training specificity is imperative for successful performance of the elite athlete.Virtual reality(VR)has been successfully applied to a broad range of training domains.However,to date there is little research investi...Training specificity is imperative for successful performance of the elite athlete.Virtual reality(VR)has been successfully applied to a broad range of training domains.However,to date there is little research investigating the use of VR for sport training.The purpose of this study was to address the question of whether virtual reality(VR)training can improve real world hockey shooting performance.Twenty four volunteers were recruited and randomly selected to complete the virtual training intervention or enter a control group with no training.Four primary types of data were collected:(1)participant’s experience with video games and hockey,(2)participant’s motivation toward video game use,(3)participant’s technical performance on real-world hockey,and(4)participant’s technical performance in virtual hockey.One-way multivariate analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that the intervention group demonstrated significantly more real-world hockey accuracy(F(1,24)=15.43,p<0.01,E.S.=0.56)while shooting on goal than their control group counterparts(intervention M accuracy=54.17%,SD=12.38,control M accuracy=46.76%,SD=13.45).One-way multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)repeated measures indicated significantly higher outcome scores on real-world accuracy(35.42%versus 54.17%;ES=1.52)and velocity(51.10 mph versus 65.50 mph;ES=0.86)of hockey shooting on goal.This research supports the idea that virtual training is an effective tool for increasing real-world hockey skill.展开更多
Background：Research on the changes to knee structures in asymptomatic amateur ice hockey players （AAIHPs） has been limited.We aimed to assess the performance of the knees in AAIHPs using 3.0-T magnetic resonance im...Background：Research on the changes to knee structures in asymptomatic amateur ice hockey players （AAIHPs） has been limited.We aimed to assess the performance of the knees in AAIHPs using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）.Methods：A total of 71 asymptomatic knees （32 AAIHPs and 39 age-and sex-matched controls） were imaged using a 3.0-T MRI scanner at the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in April 2017.Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists were blinded to assess all MRI findings,including bursae around the knee,bone marrow edema （BME）,meniscal signal changes,and articular cartilage and ligament damage.Any disagreements were resolved by a third professor of musculoskeletal radiology.Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test and continuous variables using the Student＇s t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test.Results：The most common finding was fluid-filled bursae surrounding the knee.In the AAIHP group,which totaled 32 knees and 416 bursae,155 （37％） fluid-filled bursae were present.In the control group,there were a total of 39 knees and 507 bursae,and 91（18％） fluid-filled bursae were present.There was a significant difference in the number of fluid-filled bursae between the two groups （P ＜ 0.05）.However,in AAIHPs,the prevalence of meniscal signal changes （16 knees,50％） was higher than in the control group （2 knees,5％;P ＜ 0.001）.Importantly,15 of the 19 were grade Ⅱ signals.Other changes were only found in AAIHPs.Articular cartilage lesions were detected in 47％ of their knees,predominantly at the patellofemoral joint,and BME was found in 34％ of their knees.Conclusion：The MRI findings of knees in AAIHPs mainly manifested as self-protection reaction,and proper ice hockey exercise could be advocated.展开更多
Point spreads and money lines from sports wagering markets are used to evaluate the impressiveness of team streaks. Sports wagering data have previously been useful in assessing competitive balance in sports. Our appr...Point spreads and money lines from sports wagering markets are used to evaluate the impressiveness of team streaks. Sports wagering data have previously been useful in assessing competitive balance in sports. Our approach was motivated by the amount of media scrutiny that accompanied the winning streak of the NBA’s Miami Heat and the point streak of the NHL’s Chicago Blackhawks which occurred simultaneously for the most part in 2013. The topic came to the forefront again with the 2014-2015 winning streak of the Atlanta Hawks. Three streaks are highlighted in our paper. The length of the streaks, the quality of the competition, injuries, and a variety of other factors were mentioned in the media but the discussion was limited to subjective opinions as no way of properly weighing relative influence of the factors was identified. Wagering markets provide an excellent source of information for making these judgments. Several complementary measures are described and the most impressive team streaks within and across professional baseball, basketball, football, and ice hockey are identified.展开更多
文摘The authors use data from fight logs during the 2016-2017 regular National Hockey League (NHL) season to test for a difference in the proportion of games with and without fights for each of the thirty NHL teams. Only one team (Toronto Maple Leafs) was more likely to be involved in a fight at a home game than at an away game. Teams that fought proportionally more often in the second half of the season made the playoffs;teams that fought significantly less often did not. And, long distance air travel (flights involving more than 1000 miles or trips that required crossing at least one time zone) resulted in disproportionately more games with fights for eight different NHL teams.
文摘Training specificity is imperative for successful performance of the elite athlete.Virtual reality(VR)has been successfully applied to a broad range of training domains.However,to date there is little research investigating the use of VR for sport training.The purpose of this study was to address the question of whether virtual reality(VR)training can improve real world hockey shooting performance.Twenty four volunteers were recruited and randomly selected to complete the virtual training intervention or enter a control group with no training.Four primary types of data were collected:(1)participant’s experience with video games and hockey,(2)participant’s motivation toward video game use,(3)participant’s technical performance on real-world hockey,and(4)participant’s technical performance in virtual hockey.One-way multivariate analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that the intervention group demonstrated significantly more real-world hockey accuracy(F(1,24)=15.43,p<0.01,E.S.=0.56)while shooting on goal than their control group counterparts(intervention M accuracy=54.17%,SD=12.38,control M accuracy=46.76%,SD=13.45).One-way multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)repeated measures indicated significantly higher outcome scores on real-world accuracy(35.42%versus 54.17%;ES=1.52)and velocity(51.10 mph versus 65.50 mph;ES=0.86)of hockey shooting on goal.This research supports the idea that virtual training is an effective tool for increasing real-world hockey skill.
文摘Background：Research on the changes to knee structures in asymptomatic amateur ice hockey players （AAIHPs） has been limited.We aimed to assess the performance of the knees in AAIHPs using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）.Methods：A total of 71 asymptomatic knees （32 AAIHPs and 39 age-and sex-matched controls） were imaged using a 3.0-T MRI scanner at the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in April 2017.Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists were blinded to assess all MRI findings,including bursae around the knee,bone marrow edema （BME）,meniscal signal changes,and articular cartilage and ligament damage.Any disagreements were resolved by a third professor of musculoskeletal radiology.Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test and continuous variables using the Student＇s t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test.Results：The most common finding was fluid-filled bursae surrounding the knee.In the AAIHP group,which totaled 32 knees and 416 bursae,155 （37％） fluid-filled bursae were present.In the control group,there were a total of 39 knees and 507 bursae,and 91（18％） fluid-filled bursae were present.There was a significant difference in the number of fluid-filled bursae between the two groups （P ＜ 0.05）.However,in AAIHPs,the prevalence of meniscal signal changes （16 knees,50％） was higher than in the control group （2 knees,5％;P ＜ 0.001）.Importantly,15 of the 19 were grade Ⅱ signals.Other changes were only found in AAIHPs.Articular cartilage lesions were detected in 47％ of their knees,predominantly at the patellofemoral joint,and BME was found in 34％ of their knees.Conclusion：The MRI findings of knees in AAIHPs mainly manifested as self-protection reaction,and proper ice hockey exercise could be advocated.
文摘Point spreads and money lines from sports wagering markets are used to evaluate the impressiveness of team streaks. Sports wagering data have previously been useful in assessing competitive balance in sports. Our approach was motivated by the amount of media scrutiny that accompanied the winning streak of the NBA’s Miami Heat and the point streak of the NHL’s Chicago Blackhawks which occurred simultaneously for the most part in 2013. The topic came to the forefront again with the 2014-2015 winning streak of the Atlanta Hawks. Three streaks are highlighted in our paper. The length of the streaks, the quality of the competition, injuries, and a variety of other factors were mentioned in the media but the discussion was limited to subjective opinions as no way of properly weighing relative influence of the factors was identified. Wagering markets provide an excellent source of information for making these judgments. Several complementary measures are described and the most impressive team streaks within and across professional baseball, basketball, football, and ice hockey are identified.
