Taking three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace as study object which has nonlinear, time-variant, multivariable and strong coupling features, a neural adaptive PSD(proportion, sum and different...Taking three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace as study object which has nonlinear, time-variant, multivariable and strong coupling features, a neural adaptive PSD(proportion, sum and differential) dispersive decoupling controller was developed by combining neural adaptive PSD algorithm with dispersive decoupling network. In this work, the production technology process and control difficulties of submerged arc furnace were simply introduced, the necessity of establishing a neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller was discussed, the design method and the implementation steps of the controller are expounded in detail, and the block diagram of the controlled system is presented. By comparison with experimental results of the conventional PID controller and the adaptive PSD controller, the decoupling ability, adaptive ability, self-learning ability and robustness of the neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller have been testified effectively. The controller is applicable to the three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace, and it will play an important role for achieving the power balance of three-phrase electrodes, saving energy and reducing consumption in the process of smelting.展开更多
The utilization of industrial solid waste for metal recovery requires high-temperature tools due to the presence of silica and alumina, which is reducible at high temperature. In a plasma arc furnace, transferred arc ...The utilization of industrial solid waste for metal recovery requires high-temperature tools due to the presence of silica and alumina, which is reducible at high temperature. In a plasma arc furnace, transferred arc plasma furnace（TAP） can meet all requirements, but the disadvantage of this technology is the high cost. For performing experiments in the laboratory, the TAP was fabricated indigenously in a laboratory based on the different inputs provided in the literature for the furnace design and fabrication. The observed parameters such as arc length, energy consumption, graphite electrode consumption, noise level as well as lining erosion were characterized for this fabricated furnace. The nitrogen plasma increased by around 200 K（200 ℃） melt temperature and noise levels decreased by ~10 d B compared to a normal arc.Hydrogen plasma offered 100 K（100 ℃） higher melt temperature with ~5 d B higher sound level than nitrogen plasma. Nitrogen plasma arc melting showed lower electrode and energy consumption than normal arc melting, whereas hydrogen plasma showed lower energy consumption and higher electrode consumption in comparison to nitrogen plasma. The higher plasma arc temperature resulted in a shorter meltdown time than normal arc with smoother arcing. Hydrogen plasma permitted more heats, reduced meltdown time, and lower energy consumption, but with increased graphite consumption and crucible wear. The present study showed that the fabricated arc plasma is better than the normal arc furnace with respect to temperature generation, energy consumption, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, it could be used effectively for smelting-reduction studies.展开更多
A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow in an AC arc zone of a ferrosilicon submerged arc furnace. In this model, the time-dependent conservation equations of ma...A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow in an AC arc zone of a ferrosilicon submerged arc furnace. In this model, the time-dependent conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy in the specified domain of plasma zone were numerically solved by coupling with the Maxwell and Laplace equations for magnetic filed and electric potential, respectively. A control volume-based finite difference method was used to solve the governing equations in cylindrical coordinates. The reliability of the developed model was checked by experimental data from the previous available literature. The results of present model were in good agreement with the given data comparing with other models, because of solving the Maxwell and Laplace equations simul- taneously in order to calculate current density. In addition, parametric studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of electrical current and arc length on flow field and temperature distribution within the arc. According to the computed results, a lower power input led to a higher arc efficiency.展开更多
基金Project(61174132) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(09JJ6098) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China
文摘Taking three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace as study object which has nonlinear, time-variant, multivariable and strong coupling features, a neural adaptive PSD(proportion, sum and differential) dispersive decoupling controller was developed by combining neural adaptive PSD algorithm with dispersive decoupling network. In this work, the production technology process and control difficulties of submerged arc furnace were simply introduced, the necessity of establishing a neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller was discussed, the design method and the implementation steps of the controller are expounded in detail, and the block diagram of the controlled system is presented. By comparison with experimental results of the conventional PID controller and the adaptive PSD controller, the decoupling ability, adaptive ability, self-learning ability and robustness of the neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller have been testified effectively. The controller is applicable to the three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace, and it will play an important role for achieving the power balance of three-phrase electrodes, saving energy and reducing consumption in the process of smelting.
文摘The utilization of industrial solid waste for metal recovery requires high-temperature tools due to the presence of silica and alumina, which is reducible at high temperature. In a plasma arc furnace, transferred arc plasma furnace（TAP） can meet all requirements, but the disadvantage of this technology is the high cost. For performing experiments in the laboratory, the TAP was fabricated indigenously in a laboratory based on the different inputs provided in the literature for the furnace design and fabrication. The observed parameters such as arc length, energy consumption, graphite electrode consumption, noise level as well as lining erosion were characterized for this fabricated furnace. The nitrogen plasma increased by around 200 K（200 ℃） melt temperature and noise levels decreased by ~10 d B compared to a normal arc.Hydrogen plasma offered 100 K（100 ℃） higher melt temperature with ~5 d B higher sound level than nitrogen plasma. Nitrogen plasma arc melting showed lower electrode and energy consumption than normal arc melting, whereas hydrogen plasma showed lower energy consumption and higher electrode consumption in comparison to nitrogen plasma. The higher plasma arc temperature resulted in a shorter meltdown time than normal arc with smoother arcing. Hydrogen plasma permitted more heats, reduced meltdown time, and lower energy consumption, but with increased graphite consumption and crucible wear. The present study showed that the fabricated arc plasma is better than the normal arc furnace with respect to temperature generation, energy consumption, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, it could be used effectively for smelting-reduction studies.
文摘A two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow in an AC arc zone of a ferrosilicon submerged arc furnace. In this model, the time-dependent conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy in the specified domain of plasma zone were numerically solved by coupling with the Maxwell and Laplace equations for magnetic filed and electric potential, respectively. A control volume-based finite difference method was used to solve the governing equations in cylindrical coordinates. The reliability of the developed model was checked by experimental data from the previous available literature. The results of present model were in good agreement with the given data comparing with other models, because of solving the Maxwell and Laplace equations simul- taneously in order to calculate current density. In addition, parametric studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of electrical current and arc length on flow field and temperature distribution within the arc. According to the computed results, a lower power input led to a higher arc efficiency.
