The fuel-air cloud resulting from an accidental discharge event is normally irregular in shape and varying in concentration. Performance of dispersion simulations using the computational fluid dynamics （CFD）-based t...The fuel-air cloud resulting from an accidental discharge event is normally irregular in shape and varying in concentration. Performance of dispersion simulations using the computational fluid dynamics （CFD）-based tool FLACS can get an uneven and irregular cloud. For the performance of gas explosion study with FLACS, the equivalent stoichiometric fuel-air cloud concept is widely applied to get a representative distribution of explosion loads. The Q9 cloud model that is employed in FLACS is an equivalent fuel-air cloud representation, in which the laminar burning velocity with first order SL and volume expansion ratio are taken into consideration. However, during an explosion in congested areas, the main part of the combustion involves turbulent flame propagation. Hence, to give a more reasonable equivalent fuel-air size, the turbulent burning velocity must be taken into consideration. The paper presents a new equivalent cloud method using the turbulent burning velocity, which is described as a function of SL, deduced from the TNO multi- energy method.展开更多
This paper is devoted to stabilizing the high-order uncertain nonlinear system in a fixed time by output feedback control.First,a novel settling time solution method is proposed by establishing an indirect double syst...This paper is devoted to stabilizing the high-order uncertain nonlinear system in a fixed time by output feedback control.First,a novel settling time solution method is proposed by establishing an indirect double system and using the comparison principle.Then a fixed-time observer and a neural networked based adaptive law are constructed to estimate the state and the unknown disturbance for the high-order uncertain nonlinear system.Furthermore,a fixed-time output feedback controller is proposed via the homogeneity technique.The upper bound of the settling time is analyzed for the closed-loop system under the proposed output feedback control.Finally,simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.展开更多
文摘The fuel-air cloud resulting from an accidental discharge event is normally irregular in shape and varying in concentration. Performance of dispersion simulations using the computational fluid dynamics （CFD）-based tool FLACS can get an uneven and irregular cloud. For the performance of gas explosion study with FLACS, the equivalent stoichiometric fuel-air cloud concept is widely applied to get a representative distribution of explosion loads. The Q9 cloud model that is employed in FLACS is an equivalent fuel-air cloud representation, in which the laminar burning velocity with first order SL and volume expansion ratio are taken into consideration. However, during an explosion in congested areas, the main part of the combustion involves turbulent flame propagation. Hence, to give a more reasonable equivalent fuel-air size, the turbulent burning velocity must be taken into consideration. The paper presents a new equivalent cloud method using the turbulent burning velocity, which is described as a function of SL, deduced from the TNO multi- energy method.
基金This research was supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.62103341,61473061 and 71503206the Sichuan Science and Technology Program under Grant No.2020YFSY0012.
文摘This paper is devoted to stabilizing the high-order uncertain nonlinear system in a fixed time by output feedback control.First,a novel settling time solution method is proposed by establishing an indirect double system and using the comparison principle.Then a fixed-time observer and a neural networked based adaptive law are constructed to estimate the state and the unknown disturbance for the high-order uncertain nonlinear system.Furthermore,a fixed-time output feedback controller is proposed via the homogeneity technique.The upper bound of the settling time is analyzed for the closed-loop system under the proposed output feedback control.Finally,simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
