MANAGEMENT OF MENEERE'S DISEASE—THE BEIJING TIANTAN HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE

Objective To report outcomes of nonsurgical and surgical management of Menire＇s disease at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Methods Patients with Menire＇s disease were categorized into groups based on hearing and quality of life. Individualized management was provided, including life style modification, drug therapies, endolymphatic sac decompression and labyrin- thectomy. Treatment outcomes were evaluated during up to 24 months follow up. Results Eighty seven patients underwent life style modification and drug therapies. The vertigo control rate of Grade A and B was 76.9% and 83.8% respectively. Six patients received surgical management, including endolymphatic sac decompression （n = 5） and labyrinthecto- my （n = 1）. For these patients, the vertigo control rate of Grade A and B was 80% and 100%, respectively. Conclu- lsions Management of Meni6re＇s disease depends on several factors, i.e. severities of vertigo and hearing loss, quality of life, surgical contraindications and patient subjective desire. The treatment is drug therapies for the majority of patients, as well as life style modification. Surgical indications are rare and the least invasive procedures should be considered first. The results of surgery are generally satisfying.

Emergency management of nursing human resources and supplies to respond to coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

Objective:To introduce the emergency management of nursing human resources and supplies of a large general hospital when facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Method:The Nursing Department of the hospital fully executed its functional authority to establish a three-level echelon of sustainable support,allocate human recourses dynamically,organize pre-service training,supervise the key working steps,formulate positive incentive methods,and deploy medical supplies scientifically.Result:By taking these strategies,the hospital effectively improved the coping capacity of the nursing team and played a positive role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.Conclusion:The emergency management of nursing human resources and material resources for COVID-19 of the hospital is successful.But several deficiencies were identified as well,which indicated that the hospital needs to establish an efficient emergency management system,and pay attention to the practice of nursing emergency plans to enhance coping capacities in public health emergencies.

Rare complication of inflammatory bowel disease-like colitis from glycogen storage disease type 1b and its surgical management:A case report

BACKGROUND Glycogen storage disease(GSD)is an autosomal recessive inborn metabolic disorder.Patients with GSD are prone to hypoglycaemia,hyperlactacidemia and bleeding.GSD type 1b(GSD-1b)patients specifically can develop neutropenia,recurrent bacterial infection and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Documentation of the long-term outcomes of surgical management of GSD-1b has been scarce,especially for Asian patients.We herein describe a case of GSD-1b complicated by IBD-like colitis and coloduodenal fistula.The patient was managed successfully with surgical intervention.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old Chinese lady confirmed by genetic testing to have GSD-1b was initially managed with uncooked cornstarch and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.With recurrent abdominal symptoms,her condition was treated as clinical“Crohn’s disease”with mesalazine,prednisolone and azathioprine conservatively.Colonoscopy showed a tight stricture at the hepatic flexure.Subsequent computerized tomographic colonography revealed a phlegmon at the ileocaecal region with a suspected coloduodenal fistula.Eventually an exploratory laparotomy was performed and severe colitis at the ascending colon with coloduodenal fistula was confirmed.Right hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis and repair of the duodenum were performed.Surgical management of complications from GSD-1b associated IBD-like colitis has rarely been described.First-line treatment would usually be conservative.Surgical intervention like hemicolectomy is mainly reserved for refractory cases.CONCLUSION Surgical management of coloduodenal fistula in GSD-1b patients is a feasible and safe option when failed conservative management.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease management for recurrent laryngeal contact granuloma:A case report

BACKGROUND Laryngeal contact granuloma(LCG)is difficult to treat and frequently associated with high persistence and recurrence,despite the availability of both surgical and pharmacological treatment options.An appropriate strategy is therefore needed to help patients with multiple recurrences of LCG to potentially avoid unnecessary surgery.CASE SUMMARY We describe the case of a 34-year-old male patient with recurrent LCG in which a good response was achieved through successful management of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease using a combination pharmacotherapeutic regimen consisting of anti-reflux therapy,pepsin secretion inhibition,bile acid neutralization,and lifestyle modifications.This patient underwent surgery to excise the granuloma,then relapsed,underwent a second surgery,which was followed by a second recurrence.The granuloma then disappeared after 9 mo of combined treatment with ilaprazole enteric-coated capsules(10 mg qd),mosapride tablets(5 mg tid)and compound digestive enzyme capsules(2 tablets).The drug regimen was discontinued after one year,and no recurrence of the lesion has been reported during the one-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION We report a combination of pharmacotherapeutics and lifestyle modifications for the management of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease to address recurring LCG.

Self Evaluation in Department of Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Self evaluation is a process that defines and collects required data to judge about decision making issues at educational system on whether the educational department is fit to educate students? The objective of this study was determining the quality of the structural elements of the department of Communicable Diseases & determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to improve the quality of activities in the department under research. Materials and Methods: The employed method was Mixed methods (qualitative & quantitative research), on the basis of 10 procedural steps and within 8 sections dealing with evaluated factors;such as 1) organizational and management structure 2) scientific board members 3) students 4) Manpower 5) Space of educational research and health care 6) Equipment 7) curriculum 8) satisfaction of graduates, which were studied using 61 criteria and 172 indicators. Five-point Likert Scale was used for the responses in the questionnaire (1 - 1.75 = undesirable, to 4.2 - 5 completely desirable). Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indices and the assessment software of the Educational Development Center of TUMS. The instruments used in this method included assessment software, interview, observation and self-prepared questionnaire which consisted of 7 questionnaires and 2 check lists. Finding: The results of the research showed that general average of 8 investigating sections was 56.9% as a rather desirable research work. Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that function of the educational management in that group was directly in line with evaluation process, but continuing the process of evaluation seems necessary.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma in neoterminal ileum in setting of stricturing Crohn’s disease:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Small bowel adenocarcinomas(SBA) are rare malignancies with exceedingly low survival rates, with different presentation in Crohn’s disease(CD). CD-induced SBA poses diagnostic challenges given overlapping presentation with stricturing CD and lack of diagnostics for early detection. Moreover, guidance is lacking on the impact of recently approved therapeutics in CD on SBA management. Here, we aim to highlight the future of CD-induced SBA management and discuss the potential merit of balloon enteroscopy and genetic testing for earlier detection.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 60-year-old female with longstanding Crohn’s ileitis, presenting with acute obstructive symptoms attributed to stricturing phenotype. Her obstructive symptoms were refractory to intravenous(Ⅳ) steroids, with further investigation via computed tomography enterography not providing additional diagnostic yield. Ultimately, surgical resection revealed SBA in the neoterminal ileum, with oncologic therapy plan created. However, this therapy plan could not be initiated due to continued obstructive symptoms attributed to active CD. Ultimately, infused biologic therapy was initiated, but her obstructive symptoms continued to remain dependent on Ⅳ corticosteroids. Review of diagnostics by a multidisciplinary care team suggested metastatic disease in the peritoneum, lending to a shift in the goals of care to comfort.CONCLUSION With the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of concurrent SBA and CD, multidisciplinary care and algorithmic management can optimize outcomes.

Information technology and artificial intelligence support in management experiences of the pediatric designated hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2022 in Shanghai

Objective:To describe the information technology and artificial intelligence support in management experiences of the pediatric designated hospital in the wave of COVID-19 in Shanghai.Methods:We retrospectively concluded the management experiences at the largest pediatric designated hospital from March 1st to May 11th in 2022 in Shanghai.We summarized the application of Internet hospital,face recognition technology in outpatient department,critical illness warning system and remote consultation system in the ward and the structed electronic medical record in the inpatient system.We illustrated the role of the information system through the number and prognosis of patients treated.Results:The COVID-19 designated hospitals were built particularly for critical patients requiring high-level medical care,responded quickly and scientifically to prevent and control the epidemic situation.From March 1st to May 11th,2022,we received and treated 768 children confirmed by positive RT-PCR and treated at our center.In our management,we use Internet Information on the Internet Hospital,face recognition technology in outpatient department,critical illness warning system and remote consultation system in the ward,structed electronic medical record in the inpatient system.No deaths or nosocomial infections occurred.The number of offline outpatient visits dropped,from March to May 2022,146,106,48,379,57,686 respectively.But the outpatient volume on the internet hospital increased significantly(3,347 in March 2022 vs.372 in March 2021;4,465 in April 2022 vs.409 in April 2021;4,677 in May 2022 vs.538 in May 2021).Conclusions:Information technology and artificial intelligence has provided significant supports in the management.The system might optimize the admission screening process,increases the communication inside and outside the ward,achieves early detection and diagnosis,timely isolates patients,and timely treatment of various types of children.

我国三级医院急诊病人激增应对方式调查

目的:了解我国三级医院急诊病人激增应对方式。方法:于2023年1月—3月选取我国54所三级医院急诊科作为研究对象,其中,东部地区26所(48.1%),中部地区10所(18.5%),西部地区18所(33.3%)。采用自行编制的中国不同地区医院急诊病人激增应对方式调查问卷进行调查。结果:三级医院急诊病人激增后日均急诊量增幅达87.5%,急诊日均候诊时间整体延长(Z=-5.560,P<0.001),东部地区三级医院急诊病人激增后72 h出抢救室病人比例较激增前下降(P<0.05)。面对急诊病人激增,各三级医院采取的应对措施包括增加急诊床位数和出诊医生诊位、增设专门收治新型冠状病毒感染病人的病房、增加重点设备投入、调配医护人员支援急诊等。东部地区三级医院急诊候诊时间变化率与医患比变化率(r=-0.418,P=0.034)、护患比变化率(r=-0.469,P=0.016)、互联网诊疗变化率(r=-0.684,P=0.020)均呈负相关,东部地区三级医院抢救室滞留时间变化率与护患比变化率呈负相关(r=-0.422,P=0.032),中西部地区三级医院抢救室滞留时间变化率与留观室床位变化率呈正相关(r=0.405,P=0.036)。结论:急诊科应不断优化人力、床位、仪器设备等医疗资源配置,探索急危重症病人“互联网+”新模式,进一步提升重大传染病的应对能力。

家庭医生签约服务与肺结核患者临床特征的关联性研究

目的:通过比较已签约家庭医生和未签约家庭医生的肺结核患者临床特征的相关数据,为社区结核病管理模式提供依据。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年12月在“结核病管理信息系统”中住址登记为广州市海珠区的肺结核患者作为研究对象,共1479例。其中,已签约并接受家庭医生服务者为管理组(844例,57.06%),未签约家庭医生服务者为对照组(635例,42.94%)。收集并比较两组研究对象的人口学特征和临床特征信息。结果:管理组平均年龄为(48.48±18.38)岁,明显低于对照组的平均年龄[(50.73±18.91)岁],差异有统计学意义(t=-2.303,P=0.021)。管理组流动人口、病灶范围≥3个肺野、有空洞、合并糖尿病、合并高尿酸血症者分别占54.27%(458/844)、58.65%(495/844)、32.11%(271/844)、12.56%(106/844)、8.18%(69/844),均明显高于对照组[分别占48.50%(308/635)、48.50%(308/635)、26.93%(171/635)、8.98%(57/635)、3.78%(24/635)],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为9.638、15.030、4.640、4.744、11.883,P值均<0.05)。管理组合并高血压、合并肿瘤、发生药物不良反应及首诊住院治疗者分别占6.40%(54/844)、3.32%(28/844)、10.90%(92/844)、27.49%(232/844),均明显低于对照组[分别为10.71%(68/635)、5.51%(35/635)、15.12%(96/635)、36.22%(230/635)],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为8.896、4.278、5.809、12.864,P值均<0.05)。结论:家庭医生签约服务与肺结核患者的临床特征之间存在着明显的关联性,这为进一步改善肺结核患者的医疗管理提供了重要的参考和指导。

连续性、多元化院外健康管理在氟替美维吸入粉雾剂治疗COPD稳定期患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨连续性、多元化院外健康管理在氟替美维吸入粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者中的应用价值。方法 选取南阳市第一人民医院2022年6月~2023年6月收治的112例COPD稳定期患者,依据随机数字表法分成多元化管理组(56例)、常规管理组(56例)。常规管理组接受常规健康管理,多元化管理组接受连续性、多元化院外健康管理,干预3个月,对比两组知识掌握情况、依从性、肺功能改善情况[用力肺活量(VC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量比率(FEV1/FVC)]、自我效能感[一般自我效能感量表(GSES)]、心理状况[正性与负性情绪量表(PANAS)]及生活质量[慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试问卷(CAT)]。结果 干预3个月后,多元化管理组功能锻炼、用药、疾病知识评分高于常规管理组(P<0.05);多元化管理组依从率(96.43%)高于常规管理组(83.93%)(P<0.05);干预3个月后,多元化管理组VC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC均高于常规管理组(P<0.05);干预3个月后,多元化管理组GSES、PANAS-正性评分明高于常规管理组,CAT、PANAS-负性评分低于规管理组(P<0.05)。结论 对于氟替美维吸入粉雾剂治疗的COPD稳定期患者,连续性、多元化院外健康管理可提升患者对疾病的认知、依从性和自我效能,调节负性心理状态,进而改善肺功能,提高生活质量。

DRG付费模式下公立医院病组运行结果分析

目的分析广西某公立医院实施疾病诊断相关分组(diagnosis-related groups,DRG)支付方式改革后2022年DRG运行数据,讨论实施DRG付费改革后医院运营管理面临的挑战,并提出相应的对策。方法采用描述性统计分析方法对目标医院2022年7—12月DRG运行后的数据进行分组数据对比和盈亏分析。结果主要诊断大类(major diagnostic category,MDC)覆盖的结算情况看,亏损的MDC较多,但不同的MDC亏损比例不同,不同的专科面临的控费风险压力差异性大。总体亏损仅占总费用总额的6.81%,医院运营风险变大,疑难危重高费用患者以及高新医疗技术发展面临挑战。结论公益医院应重塑医院内部管理体系,全院一盘棋,协同应对医保支付方式改革。建立DRG付费体系下统一的院内成本核算和监控体系,提升院内信息管理系统并建立相应的医保医生考核激励机制。通过加强医保部门的谈判沟通,促进医、保、患三方协同发展。

浙江某医院实施DRG支付制度改革实践

以浙江省某三甲综合性医院实施医保DRG支付制度改革下,以信息化手段为支撑,通过建立DRG运营信息管理平台,重塑组织架构与工作机制,调整绩效方案以及各学科重点病组、重复入院等精益管理所采取的方法,在服务质量、服务效率、医保监管和费用控制4个维度,展示医保DRG管理成效,针对存在的问题提出讨论和建议。

山西省某医院冠心病病人住院费用分析

目的:探究山西省某三级甲等医院冠心病病人住院费用疾病诊断相关组(DRGs)分组方案和费用标准,为医院推行DRGs付费改革提供参考。方法:选取2019年该院冠心病住院病人为研究对象,通过Logistic回归分析得到住院费用影响因素并作为节点构建决策树模型,进行冠心病住院病人分组。结果:冠心病住院病人住院天数、是否手术和性别作为分类节点创建了8个病例组合,各组合病人住院费用比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),计算得出各组合病人住院的标准费用和上限费用。结论:创建的冠心病病人DRGs分组比较合理,实施DRGs付费可以有效控制医疗费用,逐步实现医保患三方共赢,DRGs实施为护理管理提供了新方向。

2019—2021年某中医医院传染病报告分析与管理

目的分析某中医医院法定和其他重点监测传染病报告情况,为规范开展医院传染病报告和制定医院传染病报告管理策略提供参考。方法对2019—2021年某中医医院传染病报告数据进行描述性分析。结果2019—2021年某中医医院共报告法定和其他重点监测传染病6865例次,无甲类传染病报告,其中乙类传染病668例次(9.73%),丙类传染病5356例次(78.02%),其他重点监测传染病841例次(12.25%)。排名前5位的传染病分别是流行性感冒、水痘、梅毒、其他感染性腹泻病和肺结核,其中报告病例最多的流行性感冒,在报告时间上每年传染病报告例次数居首位的是第一季度。2019—2021年某中医医院法定和其他重点监测传染病报告例次数呈下降趋势。结论2019—2021年某中医医院法定和其他重点监测传染病报告以呼吸道传染病为主,应根据不同季节、疾病流行趋势,采取有针对性的传染病监测、防控策略。

精神专科医院传染病感染管理研究进展

传染病感染管理是中国公共卫生事业面临的重要问题,它与医疗质量以及医患健康密切相关。目前,多数精神专科医院在传染病感染防控的重视程度、感染防控意识、防控措施依从性以及医疗分区设计等多个传染病防治环节均较为薄弱,医院传染病感染管理能力有待提升。通过查阅国内外文献并结合工作实际,探究精神专科医院传染病感染管理现状、感染影响因素,并提出合理化建议以提高精神专科医院应对传染病事件等医院感染问题的能力,切实做好精神专科医院传染病感染控制工作,保障患者安全。

中医医院传染病流行病学特征分析

目的分析中医医院传染病报告率变化趋势和流行病学特征。方法对某三甲中医医院2019—2022年报告传染病进行描述性分析,比较不同年份间报告情况的差异。结果2019—2022年医院共报告传染病5742例,报告率从125.83/10万降至87.14/10万。报告数最多的病种是梅毒。报告率居前10位的传染病除肺结核外均呈下降趋势。2019—2022年传染病报告在传播方式(χ^(2)=32.385,P<0.001)、诊断类型(χ^(2)=10.816,P=0.013)、病例来源(χ^(2)=15.593,P=0.001)、年龄(χ^(2)=53.631,P<0.001)、职业(χ^(2)=156.581,P<0.001)方面比较,差异有统计学意义。结论中医医院应该依据传染病分布特点对住院、门诊病例分别制定防控措施,重点关注梅毒、肺结核。

德阳市某院门诊哮喘患儿用药依从性横断面调研

目的为优化儿童哮喘门诊管理提供参考。方法采用横断面研究,选取医院儿童哮喘管理门诊2021年10月至2022年3月收治的哮喘患儿91例,从患儿一般情况、哮喘用药情况与疾病认知、用药依从性评价[采用Morisky用药依从性量表(MMAS-8)进行评分]、哮喘管理门诊服务需求等方面对患儿家长进行网络问卷调研,并对患儿用药依从性的影响因素进行分析。结果共回收有效问卷91份(有效回收率100%)。患儿以男性(57例,62.64%),4~12岁(67例,73.63%),城市居住者(58例,63.74%)居多;患儿及其家长的过敏史(或过敏性疾病史)以过敏性鼻炎居多(54例、59.34%,45例、49.45%);患儿治疗时长、在用药物、给药频次分别以≤0.5年(42例,46.15%),丙酸氟替卡松气雾剂(78例,85.71%),每天2次(56例,61.54%)居多;患儿家长对于哮喘作为慢性疾病的认知较好(知晓率>90%),但对其急性发作的处置措施认识不足(知晓率<60%)。用药依从性好(评分6~8分)和差(评分<6分)的分别有45例(49.45%)和46例(50.55%);客观影响因素单因素分析结果显示,居住地(χ^(2)=9.504,P<0.01)和家庭月收入(χ^(2)=10.017,P<0.01)为影响患儿哮喘用药依从性的主要因素;主观影响因素中最常见的为家长自觉患儿无需用药或偶尔忘记(27例,29.67%);患儿未定期随访最常见原因为儿童哮喘专科挂号困难(65例,71.43%);患儿家属对哮喘疾病认识的科普教育(67例,73.63%)需求最强。结论该院哮喘患儿用药依从性普遍较差,亟需有效、长期、协作的管理模式进行规范。新的“医、药、护”联合疾病管理模式可能有利于改善目前的情况。

医保智能监管体系在医院门诊特定病种管理中的应用

随着医保体制的不断完善,医院要想可持续发展,需要建立医保智能监管体系,加强医院门诊特定病种管理,实现医保管理智能化、规范化,实现全程实时监管。文章首先概述医保智能监管体系在医院门诊特定病种管理中的应用背景,探讨了医保智能监管体系在医院门诊特定病种管理中应用存在的问题,并分析了医保智能监管体系在医院门诊特定病种管理中的应用发展对策:继续做好医保控费管理与决策管理、建立健全特定病种付费监管体系、建立医院门诊特定病种智能评价与审核系统、建立健全特定病种的资金管理制度。

医院- 家庭无缝隙延续性护理在高血压合并冠心病患者中的应用

目的探讨医院-家庭无缝隙延续性护理在高血压合并冠心病患者中的应用效果。方法116例高血压合并冠心病患者随机分为两组。参照组接受常规护理干预,观察组在参照组基础上接受医院-家庭无缝隙延续性护理干预。比较两组的遵医行为、自我管理能力、生活质量。结果干预后,观察组的按时服药、健康饮食、运动锻炼评分均高于参照组,CDSMS评分、QLICD-CHD评分均高于参照组(P<0.05)。结论医院-家庭无缝隙延续性护理可明显提升高血压合并冠心病患者的遵医行为和自我管理能力,改善患者的生活质量。

探究冠状动脉支架术后患者健康相关症状的异质性分类及预测因素

目的探讨冠状动脉支架术后患者的症状分布特征,并分析高症状负担人群的预测因素。方法于2023年3-5月采用便利抽样的方法,选取湖南省衡阳市某2所三级甲等综合医院接受冠状动脉支架术的366例冠心病患者为研究对象。使用患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-repotred outcomes measurement information system,PROMIS)特征集进行调查,应用潜在类别分析(latent class analysis,LCA)、单因素分析、logistic回归分析确定术后患者症状的特征分类,并探索各类别的区分因素。结果LCA结果表明,冠状动脉支架术后患者的健康相关症状存在3个潜在类别,分别为高心理症状组(33%)、低症状组(48.1%)、高生理症状组(18.9%)。不同类别患者在身体功能、社会功能、疼痛强度上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、文化程度、心功能水平、合并其他慢性病状况及支架植入个数是预测冠状动脉支架术后患者症状类别的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论冠状动脉支架术后患者存在3种类别的症状特征,照护时可依据区分3类别的预测因素对患者精准识别,有效管理。且3组患者的身体功能均有一定程度受限,以高生理症状组尤其明显;高心理症状组需重点关注其社会功能。