This paper deals with the host-parasitoid model,where the logistic equation governs the host population growth,and a proportion of the host population can find refuge.The equilibrium points'existence,number,and lo...This paper deals with the host-parasitoid model,where the logistic equation governs the host population growth,and a proportion of the host population can find refuge.The equilibrium points'existence,number,and local character are discussed.Taking the parameter regulating the parasitoid's growth as a bifurcation parameter,we prove that Neimark-Sacker and period-doubling bifurcations occur.Despite the complex behavior,it can be proved that the system is permanent,ensuring the long-term survival of both populations.Furthermore,it was observed that the presence of the proportional refuge does not significantly influence the system's behavior compared to the system without aproportional refuge.展开更多
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is a polyphagous pest reported in sub-Saharan Africa since 2016 and has expanded rapidly in almost Africa. In Niger, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) is considered ...The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is a polyphagous pest reported in sub-Saharan Africa since 2016 and has expanded rapidly in almost Africa. In Niger, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) is considered like a major pest of maize, to which it causes significant damage, in a context where proven control methods against this moth remain almost non-existent. The objective of the present study was to determine the economic importance of FAW through the damage caused to the different host plants and to identify the parasitoids of this caterpillar. The study was conducted in the southern agricultural zone of Niger, specifically in the regions of Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua and Zinder. FAW eggs and caterpillars were collected from six villages in each region and then incubated and reared in the entomology laboratory of INRAN in Maradi. The rate of infestation of the different crops by FAW was determined as well as the observation of the beneficiaries. The results obtained indicate the presence of FAW on millet with an attack rate varying from 45.7% to 68%, sorghum with 47.2% to 62.25% and sesame with 9.7%. This work also revealed an oophagous parasitoid, Telenomus remus with 138 ± 23 and larval parasitoids, Cotesia sp with 16 ± 1 maximum number of individuals emerged from the collected material. Also, it was identified the parasitoid Cotesia icipe with a rate of parasitism from 4.6% to 5.75%;the Charops ater whose rate of parasitism varies from 4.5% and 12.25% but for Chelonus insularis with 17.25% and Tachnidae with 53%. These very interesting results will constitute a basis for the development of biological control and a component of an agroecological management strategy of caterpillar.展开更多
潜蝇姬小蜂属Diglyphus寄生蜂是潜叶蝇类害虫的重要天敌。本文对其种类、分布、田间发生和优势度、优势种的控害特性和生态适应性,以及优势种的人工繁殖和田间应用等进行总结和展望,以期为更好地应用该属寄生蜂防控我国潜叶蝇的研究和...潜蝇姬小蜂属Diglyphus寄生蜂是潜叶蝇类害虫的重要天敌。本文对其种类、分布、田间发生和优势度、优势种的控害特性和生态适应性,以及优势种的人工繁殖和田间应用等进行总结和展望,以期为更好地应用该属寄生蜂防控我国潜叶蝇的研究和应用提供指导。迄今已鉴定该属寄生蜂36种,全为抑性外寄生蜂,其中针对豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂D.isaea、贝氏潜蝇姬小蜂D.begini和中带潜蝇姬小蜂D.intermedius的研究较多。雌蜂不仅可通过繁殖型的寄生方式而且还可通过非繁殖型方式(取食寄主和产卵器插入直接杀死)致死寄主。雌蜂偏好寄生大个体寄主和取食相对较小个体的寄主,且雌蜂对寄主幼虫的偏好具有"寄主大小依赖型性别分配"现象(host-size-dependent sex allocation)。从温度适应范围和控害潜力首推为豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂。优势种的规模饲养技术已经被研发并得到了较广泛的田间应用。未来研究可主要集中于:(1)加强优势种尤其是温度适应范围广或较为耐热的种群或地理品系的研究,以增加对三叶草斑潜蝇Liriomyza trifolii和美洲斑潜蝇L.sativae的控效;(2)加强雌蜂寄主取食行为特性及其生理机制的研究,以更高效利用;(3)因地制宜研发规模化饲养技术和释放技术;(4)加强潜蝇姬小蜂同其他潜叶蝇寄生蜂的协同控害及竞争共存机制的研究,已提升对潜叶蝇的生防控制效果。展开更多
文摘This paper deals with the host-parasitoid model,where the logistic equation governs the host population growth,and a proportion of the host population can find refuge.The equilibrium points'existence,number,and local character are discussed.Taking the parameter regulating the parasitoid's growth as a bifurcation parameter,we prove that Neimark-Sacker and period-doubling bifurcations occur.Despite the complex behavior,it can be proved that the system is permanent,ensuring the long-term survival of both populations.Furthermore,it was observed that the presence of the proportional refuge does not significantly influence the system's behavior compared to the system without aproportional refuge.
文摘The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is a polyphagous pest reported in sub-Saharan Africa since 2016 and has expanded rapidly in almost Africa. In Niger, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) is considered like a major pest of maize, to which it causes significant damage, in a context where proven control methods against this moth remain almost non-existent. The objective of the present study was to determine the economic importance of FAW through the damage caused to the different host plants and to identify the parasitoids of this caterpillar. The study was conducted in the southern agricultural zone of Niger, specifically in the regions of Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua and Zinder. FAW eggs and caterpillars were collected from six villages in each region and then incubated and reared in the entomology laboratory of INRAN in Maradi. The rate of infestation of the different crops by FAW was determined as well as the observation of the beneficiaries. The results obtained indicate the presence of FAW on millet with an attack rate varying from 45.7% to 68%, sorghum with 47.2% to 62.25% and sesame with 9.7%. This work also revealed an oophagous parasitoid, Telenomus remus with 138 ± 23 and larval parasitoids, Cotesia sp with 16 ± 1 maximum number of individuals emerged from the collected material. Also, it was identified the parasitoid Cotesia icipe with a rate of parasitism from 4.6% to 5.75%;the Charops ater whose rate of parasitism varies from 4.5% and 12.25% but for Chelonus insularis with 17.25% and Tachnidae with 53%. These very interesting results will constitute a basis for the development of biological control and a component of an agroecological management strategy of caterpillar.
文摘潜蝇姬小蜂属Diglyphus寄生蜂是潜叶蝇类害虫的重要天敌。本文对其种类、分布、田间发生和优势度、优势种的控害特性和生态适应性,以及优势种的人工繁殖和田间应用等进行总结和展望,以期为更好地应用该属寄生蜂防控我国潜叶蝇的研究和应用提供指导。迄今已鉴定该属寄生蜂36种,全为抑性外寄生蜂,其中针对豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂D.isaea、贝氏潜蝇姬小蜂D.begini和中带潜蝇姬小蜂D.intermedius的研究较多。雌蜂不仅可通过繁殖型的寄生方式而且还可通过非繁殖型方式(取食寄主和产卵器插入直接杀死)致死寄主。雌蜂偏好寄生大个体寄主和取食相对较小个体的寄主,且雌蜂对寄主幼虫的偏好具有"寄主大小依赖型性别分配"现象(host-size-dependent sex allocation)。从温度适应范围和控害潜力首推为豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂。优势种的规模饲养技术已经被研发并得到了较广泛的田间应用。未来研究可主要集中于:(1)加强优势种尤其是温度适应范围广或较为耐热的种群或地理品系的研究,以增加对三叶草斑潜蝇Liriomyza trifolii和美洲斑潜蝇L.sativae的控效;(2)加强雌蜂寄主取食行为特性及其生理机制的研究,以更高效利用;(3)因地制宜研发规模化饲养技术和释放技术;(4)加强潜蝇姬小蜂同其他潜叶蝇寄生蜂的协同控害及竞争共存机制的研究,已提升对潜叶蝇的生防控制效果。
