Effect of different drying methods on the taste and volatile compounds,sensory characteristics of Takifugu obscurus

Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect of hot air drying(HAD),microwave vacuum drying(MVD)and hot air assisted radio frequency drying(HARFD)on the taste and volatile profiles of Takifugu obscurus.Different drying methods had significant influence on the color,rehydration,5’-nucleotides,free amino acids and volatile components(P<0.05).The results showed that HAD and HARFD could promote the flavor of T.obscurus by producing higher equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values,which were about two times of MVD group,and more pronounced pleasant odor according to sensory analysis.HAD is more appropriate for industrial application than HARFD and MVD considering the economic benefits.This study could provide a reference for the industrial application of drying T.obscurus.

Parameter optimization for microwave coupled with hot air drying process of hawthorn slices using response-surface methodology

The microwave coupled with hot air(MCHA)drying method was used in this test to dry hawthorn slices The effect of initial microwave power density level(6 W/g to 12 W/g),hot air temperature(55℃ to 70℃),and hot air velocity(1 m/s to 3 m/s)on the quality attributes of rehydration ratio(Rf),organic acid(OA)and ascorbic acid(AA)of the dehydrated hawthorn slices was analyzed using a response surface methodology.An orthogonal rotatable central composite with three factors and at five levels was used to develop predictive regression models for the responses.The prediction mathematical model of Rf,OA and AA of the hawthorn slice was determined by analysis of variance.Factor and response variables as well as the prediction mathematical model,the optimal drying process of Rf,OA and AA of the hawthorn slice were determined by using the Design-Expert software.The comprehensive optimal conditions were as follows:initial microwave power density 12 W/g,hot air temperature 55℃ and hot air velocity 1.56 m/s.

Analysis of the Influence of Different Drying Methods on the Active Ingredients of Fresh Medicine

The heating area of the material is large and the thermal efficiency is high,but it is n ecessary to control the suitable drying temperature ofdiffere nt medici nal materials to preserve the effective in gredients.D iff ere nt kinds of Chinese medicine need different drying conditions to fulfill good drying requirements.Natural drying in the shade is one of the traditional drying methods,which takes a long time and is easily affected by the weather.The water volatilizes slowly.It is prone to mildew and discoloration during the drying process.However,it can better preserve the volatile oil components of Chinese medicine.The hot-air drying machine has lower requirements.The medicinal materials have a large heating area and high thermal efficiency,but it is necessary to control the appropriate drying temperature of different medicinal materials in order to preserve the active ingredients of the medicinal materials;it is not suitable for medicinal materials that stick and bind easily.The microwave drying method possesses superiority in drying some valuable medicinal materials such as Ren she n(Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng)and Lurong(Co「nu Cervi Pantotrichum),and the effective ingredients are preserved at a high degree;it can also achieve the purpose of killing enzymes and protecting glycosides and have a good bactericidal effect,but it is not suitable for Chinese medicines containing heat-sensitive ingredients,because it will destroy most of the proteins,amino acids,and peptides of Chinese medicine and result in the loss of efficacy.The far-infrared drying method is suitable for drying thin-layer medicinal materials and is friendly to the environment.Freeze-drying can preserve the active ingredients very well and greatly retain the efficacy,but it has obvious limitations in preserving some Chinese medicinal materials that need to kill enzymes and protect glycosides;besides,the cost is relatively high and the drying time is long.

微波真空冷冻干燥对芒果干制品品质特性的影响

为获得较优的芒果干燥方法,以复水性、感官为评价指标,比较微波真空冷冻干燥、热板真空冷冻干燥和热风干燥3种不同干燥方法对芒果干制品品质的影响。结果表明:真空冷冻干燥法的产品各项指标均优于热风干燥法。微波真空冷冻干燥的产品复水性最好,25℃与100℃最大复水比分别为3.363、3.674;其次为热板真空冷冻干燥,两温度条件下与微波真空冷冻干燥产品复水比相差较小;热风干燥产品复水性最差,分别为2.140、3.028。感官指标中色泽、香气和口味3方面均为:微波真空冷冻干燥>热板真空冷冻干燥>热风干燥。

热风微波耦合干燥系统的设计与试验

介绍了热风微波耦合干燥系统的腔体结构、控制方法、工作原理,并完成了微波热风耦合干燥系统的设计与安装。以马铃薯为试验对象,研究了其在单一热风、微波干燥及热风微波耦合干燥状态下马铃薯丁的干燥特性,利用正交试验和方差分析,得到各因素对干燥综合效果影响主次顺序为:微波功率密度>热风风速>热风温度,影响马铃薯丁热风微波耦合干燥综合效果最优的组合为:热风温度50℃、微波功率密度6 W/g、热风风速1.6 m/s。试验结果验证了该系统的有效性和可行性,为马铃薯热风微波耦合干燥提供理论基础与数据依据。

即食鲐鱼肉干的调味配方及微波-热风干燥工艺优化

为研制一种即食鲐鱼肉干产品,以感官评分为主要评价指标,研究调味料配方、微波功率、微波时间、烘干温度和烘干时间对鱼肉干品质的影响,在单因素实验基础上,采用正交试验优化鲐鱼肉干的调味配方以及干燥工艺条件。结果表明,鲐鱼肉干的最佳调味配方为白砂糖添加量4%,食盐添加量2%,辣椒粉添加量0.5%,豆瓣酱添加量3%;最佳微波-热风干燥工艺条件为微波功率500 W,微波时间120 s,烘干温度80℃,烘干时间160 min。此优化工艺条件下得到的鲐鱼肉干产品感官和风味品质良好,硬度、弹性和咀嚼度分别为16255 g、0.78 mm、6974 g。

不同干燥方法对玫瑰花瓣质量的影响

研究热风和微波真空干燥的玫瑰花瓣干燥特性曲线和温度变化,比较不同干燥方法对玫瑰花瓣干燥速率和品质的影响。结果表明,热风干燥时间长达14h,对保持玫瑰花瓣的形状和颜色均一效果很差;微波真空干燥可以很好地保持玫瑰花瓣的形状和颜色,真空度越高,物料体内水分蒸腾而干燥的速度越快,物料温升越低;随着微波功率增加,干燥时间大大缩短;微波真空加护色干燥的玫瑰花瓣颜色鲜艳,保存时间长,是理想的玫瑰花瓣干燥方法。